• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.428-431
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• 1997

승모판파 재치환술후 발생하는 판막주위 누출은 판륜 주위에 잔촌하는석회화나 약한 판륜조직에 의해서 발생한다. 이는 임상적으로 혈관내 용혈성 빈혈이나 혈역학적 인 변화를 야기하는데 서서히 나타나기 때문에 외래에서의 추적 관찰이 중요하다. 재치환한 판막의 구조적인 변화가 없고 비교적 적은 부위의 판막주위 누출이고 기존의 판륜이 약해져 있는 경우에는 새로이 판막을 치환하는 것보다 단순히 패취로 복구시 킬 수 있다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.822-825
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• 2002

승모판막의 인공판막 재치환술 후 발생하는 판막주위 누출은 드물지만 심각한 합병증이다. 판막주위 누출은 생존률의 증가나 증상호전을 위하여 적극적인 수술적 치료가 필요하다. 그러나 누출부의 단순한 봉합이나 첨포를 이용한 폐쇄는 판륜의 주위조직이 약화된 경우나 결손이 광범위한 경우에는 효과적이지 않다. 이에 저자들은 다크론 판 (Dacron sheet)으로 봉합륜(sewing ring)을 확장한 인공 기계 판막을 이용하여 판륜에 판막을 고정함과 동시에 다크론 판을 좌심방벽에 봉합하여 판막의 고정과 더불어 혈액의 누출을 방지하는 삼차 승모판막 재치환술을 시행하였다. 3례 모두 수술 후 특별한 문제없이 추적 관찰 중이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.435-444
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• 2023

Background: Edwards Intuity is recognized as a relatively contraindicated bioprosthesis for bicuspid aortic valve disease. This study compared the early echocardiographic and clinical outcomes of rapid-deployment aortic valve replacement for bicuspid versus tricuspid aortic valves. Methods: Of 278 patients who underwent rapid-deployment aortic valve replacement using Intuity at Seoul National University Hospital, 252 patients were enrolled after excluding those with pure aortic regurgitation, prosthetic valve failure, endocarditis, and quadricuspid valves. The bicuspid and tricuspid groups included 147 and 105 patients, respectively. Early outcomes and the incidence of paravalvular leak were compared between the groups. A subgroup analysis compared the outcomes for type 0 versus type 1 or 2 bicuspid valves. Results: The bicuspid group had more male and younger patients. Comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and coronary artery disease, were less prevalent in the bicuspid group. Early echocardiographic evaluations demonstrated that the incidence of ≥mild paravalvular leak did not differ significantly between the groups (5.5% vs. 1.0% in the bicuspid vs. tricuspid groups, p=0.09), and the early clinical outcomes were also comparable between the groups. In the subgroup analysis between type 0 and type 1 or 2 bicuspid valves, the incidence of mild or greater paravalvular leak (2.4% vs. 6.7% in type 0 vs. type 1 or 2, p=0.34) and clinical outcomes were comparable. Conclusion: Rapid-deployment aortic valve replacement for bicuspid aortic valves demonstrated comparable early echocardiographic and clinical outcomes to those for tricuspid aortic valves, and the outcomes were also satisfactory for type 0 bicuspid aortic valves.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 1995

From January 1985 to December 1992, of 1257 patients who underwent a heart valve replacement 210 [16.8% underwent reoperation on prosthetic heart valves, and 6 of them had a second valve reoperation. The indications for reoperation were structural deterioration [176 cases, 81.5% , prosthetic valve endocarditis [25 cases, 11.6% , paravalvular leak [12 cases, 5.6% , valve thrombosis [2 cases, 0.9% and ascending aortic aneurysm [1 case, 0.4% . Prosthetic valve failure developed most frequently in mitral position [57.9% and prosthetic valve endocarditis and paravalvular leak developed significantly in the aortic valve [40%, 75% [P<0.02 . Mean intervals between the primary valve operation and reoperation were 105.3$\pm$28.4 months in the case of prosthetic valve failure, 61.5$\pm$38.5 months in prosthetic valve endocarditis, 26.8$\pm$31.2 months in paravalvualr leak, and 25.0$\pm$7.0 months in valve thrombosis. In bioprostheses, the intervals were in 102.0$\pm$23.9 months in the aortic valve, and 103.6$\pm$30.8 months in the mitral valve. The overall hospital mortality rate was 7.9% [17/26 : 15% in aortic valve reoperation [6/40 , 6.5% in reoperation on the mitral prostheses [9/135 and 5.7% in multiple valve replacement [2.35 . Low cardiac output syndrome was the most common cause of death [70.6% . Advanced New York Heart Association class [P=0.00298 , explant period [P=0.0031 , aortic cross-clamp time [P=0.0070 , prosthetic valve endocarditis [P=0.0101 , paravalvularr leak [P=0.0096 , and second reoperation [P=0.00036 were the independent risk factors, but age, sex, valve position and multiple valve replacement did not have any influence on operative mortality. Mean follow up period was 38.6$\pm$24.5 months and total patient follow up period was 633.3 patient year. Actuarial survival at 8 year was 97.3$\pm$3.0% and 5 year event-free survival was 80.0$\pm$13.7%. The surgical risk of reoperation on heart valve prostheses in the advanced NYHA class patients is higher, so reoperation before severe hemodynamic impairment occurs is recommended.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.296-306
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• 1992

A 6 year experience with the bileaflet St. Jude Medical valve is reported. Between Feb. 1986 and Dec. 1992, 68 patients received 87 such valves[36 mitral, 13 aortic, and 19 double mitral-aortic valve replacements]. The results are summarized as follows 1. There were 35 male and 33 female patients ranging in age from 17 to 55 years the mean age of 35.3 $\pm$ 9.7 years. 2. The mean aortic clamp time[ACT] of the MVR, AVR and DVR groups were 91.5$\pm$16.4, 117.2$\pm$28.7 and 165.5$\pm$24.1 minutes. The mean total bypass time [TBT] of the MVR, AVR and DVR groups were 112.8$\pm$19.5, 134.7$\pm$31.4 and 192.2$\pm$28.5 minutes. 3. Eighty seven valves were used [55 mitral site, 32 aortic site]. 31mm[20], 33mm[15], 29mm[15], 27mm[2], 25mm[2] and 35mm[1] were used in mitral site and 23mm[13], 21mm[8], 19mm[7] and 25mm[4] were used in the aortic site. In the DVR, there were valve combinations such as 4 cases of M[29mm]-A[19mm], 4 of M[31mm]-A[23mm], 3 of M[33mm]-A[23mm] and others. 4. Preoperative NYHA functional classes were II [3 cases], III [46 cases], IV[19 cases] and improved to I [52 cases] and Il [13 cases] postoperatively. 5 Early postoperative complications were occurred in 15 cases[2Z.l%] and there were LOS in 5 cases[7.4%], arrythmia [3 cases], wound infection [2 cases], hepatitis [2 cases], sudden cardiac arrest [2 cases] and postoperative bleeding [1 case]. The early hospital death was occurred in 3 cases[4.4%] with LOS [1 case] and sudden cardiac arrest [2 cases]. 6. Mean follow-up time of survival cases[65 cases] was 31.3$\pm$21.9 months and the total follow-up time was 169.8 patient-years. Late postoperative complications were occurred in 4 cases[2 thromboembolism, 1 paravalvular leak, 1 thromboembolism br paravalvular leak, 1 valve endocarditis] with the occurrence rate as 2.35% per patient-years. Reoperation was performed in 2 cases [1 paravalvular leak, 1 left atrial thrombus] and there was one [1.5%] late valve related death. Therefore the 6 year complication free rate was 90.6% and 6 year actuarial survival rate was 98.3$\pm$1.7%. On the basis of this experience and the results, SJMvalve appears to be one of the best performing mechanical prosthesis currently available, in terms of both hemodynamics and lower complications with warfarin antioagulation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.322-327
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• 2018

Background: This study evaluated the early and long-term outcomes of surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) in elderly patients in the era of transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Methods: Between 2001 and 2018, 94 patients aged ${\geq}75years$ underwent isolated AVR with stented bioprosthetic valves for aortic valve stenosis (AS). The main etiologies of AS were degenerative (n=63) and bicuspid (n=21). The median follow-up duration was 40.7 months (range, 0.6-174 months). Results: Operative mortality occurred in 2 patients (2.1%) and paravalvular leak occurred in 1 patient. No patients required permanent pacemaker insertion after surgery. Late death occurred in 11 patients. The overall survival rates at 5 and 10 years were 87.2% and 65.1%, respectively. The rates of freedom from valve-related events at 5 and 10 years were 94.5% and 88.6%, respectively. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score (p=0.013) and chronic kidney disease (p=0.030) were significant factors affecting long-term survival. The minimal p-value approach demonstrated that an STS score of 3.5% was the most suitable cut-off value for predicting long-term survival. Conclusion: Surgical AVR for elderly AS patients may be feasible in terms of early mortality and postoperative complications, particularly paravalvular leak and permanent pacemaker insertion. The STS score and chronic kidney disease were associated with long-term outcomes after AVR in the elderly.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.964-970
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• 1996

1986년 2월부터 1996년 1월까지 108명의 환자에게 SJM 판막을 이용한 판막치환수술을 시행하고 1996년 2월까지 10년 동안 임상적으로 추적, 분석하였다. 성별은 남자 55명, 여자 53명이 였고 연령분포는 최소 11세에서 최고 60세로 평균 36.3 $\pm$ 10.4세였다. 치환된 판막은 승모판에 88개 대동맥 판에 54개 삼첨판에 1개였는데 승모판막치환에는 31mm(32), 33mm (23), 29inm(20), 27mm(10), 25mm(2), 그리고 35rnrn(1) 등이 사용되었고 대동맥 판치환에는 23rnm(21), 21min(18), 19mm(7), 25mm(5), 27mm(2), 그리고 33inm(1) 등이 사용되 었으며 삼첨판에 31mm(1)가 사용되었다. 술전 NYHA 기능적 분류는 II(14례), III(73례), IV(21례)였으나 술후에는 I(89례), II(16례)로 대부분 호전되었다. 술후 조기합병증은 15례(13.9%)에서 발생하였는데 저심박출증이 5례(4.6%)로 가장 많았고 3례(2.8%)의 술후 조기사망이 있었다. 술후 조기사망자를 포함한 전체 추적기간은 108례에서 평균 4.1$\pm$2.9년(437.6환자-년)이 었으며 후기 합병증은 5례(1.14%/환자-년)에서 발생하였는데 혈전색증(2례), 판막주위누출(1례), 혈전색과 판막주위누출(1례)및 판막염증(1례)등이었으 \ulcorner판막실패 례는 없었다. 재수술은 2례에서 시행되었고 2례가 사망하여 10년간 생존율은 93.6$\pm$3.1%였고 10년간 합병증이 없을 확율은 91.4$\pm$3.4%였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1041-1047
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• 1992

The consecutive 35 patients underwent isolated aortic valve replacement with the low-profile model of the Ionescu-Shiley pericardial xenograft valve from 1984 to 1991. Operative mortality was 2.9%, and early survivors were followed up for a total 136.1 patient-years[Mean$\pm$SD, 4.00$\pm$2.14 years]. The linearized late mortality was 2.204% /pt-yr. Three patients required rereplacement of the valve with overall valve failure rate of 2.204% /pt-yr: two for endocarditis and one for paravalvular leak. There was no case of primary tissue failure. The linearized annual rates of complication were: thromboembolism 0.735% /pt-yr, bleeding 0.735%pt-yr, and endocarditis 2.204% /pt-yr. The actuarial survival at 8 years of follow-up was 90.4$\pm$5.3%, and the probabilities of freedom from thromboembolism and from rereplacement were 95.6$\pm$4.4% and 88.2$\pm$6.7% at 8 years respectively. Although the low profile Ionescu-Shiley pericardial valve provided favorable clinical performance comparable with the standard model up to 8 years, it needs prolonged follow-up to assess the pattern of its durability.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.242-246
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• 1998

1989년 1월부터 1995년 12월까지 27예에서 심장판막 재치환술을 시행하였다. 남자 11예, 여자 16예로 평균연령은 43.51+12.2세 이었다. 기왕의 판막치환은 12예가 조직판막이었고 15예가 기계판막이었다. 인공심장판막이 재치환수술까지 체내에 있었던 기간은 조직판막이 104.91+34.9개월, 기계판막이 55.21+43.7개월이었다. 재치환된 판막은 승모판막 17예, 대동맥판 8예, 삼첨판 1예 그리고 1예는 Cabrol수술을 다시 시행한 경우이다. 재치환의 원인은 조직판막에서 판막의 구조적 결함이 전 예에서 관찰되었으며 그 외에 판막주위누출 2예와 심내막염 1예가 이었다. 기계판막에서는 판막주위조직의 침윤이 8예, 판막주위누출 4예, 판막혈전 3예가 있었으며 판막주위누출 4예중 1예는 Cabrol수술후 인조혈관의 파열이 동반되었다. 술후 합병증(25.9%)으론 창상감염 3예, 미추부 피부괴저 1예, 저심박출증 1예, 심방조동 1예 그리고 방실차단 1예 이었다. 술후 조기사망은 1명이 저심박출증으로 사망하였고 평균 49.5개월간의 추적관찰중 1명이 확장성 심근증으로 수술 3년후에 사망하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.161-170
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• 1991

Clinical results with the Mechanical cardiac valves were reviewed for 261 patients who underwent cardiac valve replacement from September, 1985 to July, 1990. of the Mechanical valves used, 156 were Carbomedics, 109 Duromedics, 52 St. Jude and 11 Bjork-Shiley. Overall hospital mortality was 14 out of 261[5,36%]: 9 out of 159[5.66%] for MVR, 1 out of 35[2.86%] for AVR and 4 out of 67[5.96%] for DVR[AVR+MVR]. Two hundred and forty seven operative survivors were followed up for a total 466.8 patient-years, ranged from 1 month to 4.9 years [a mean 1.8 years] and the follow up was 96.0%. There were 12 valve-related complications: three from thromboembolism, three from valve thrombosis, three from prosthetic valve endocarditis, two from paravalvular leak and the other one from hemorrhage. Actuarial rate free from all valve-related complication at 4.9 years was 96$\pm$1.3%. There were 11 late deaths: two from thromboembolism, one from valve thrombosis, one from prosthetic valve endocarditis, one from hemorrhage and the others 6 from non-valve-related complications. Actuarial survival rate at 4.9 years was 94$\pm$2.0%. 96$\pm$3.0% for MVR, 94$\pm$4.2% for AVR and 91$\pm$3.7% for DVR[AVR+MVR]. And there are 7 reoperations: three from paraprosthetic leak, two from prosthetic valve endocarditis and two from valve thrombosis. Actuarial rate free from reoperation at 9 years was 96$\pm$2.9%. On the basis of this 4.9 years of experience, the pyrolytic carbon mechanical valves appears to be an excellent mechanical prosthesis for cardiac valve replacement, in terms of hemodynamic performance, low mortality and low thrombogenecity.