• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2008

소아 환자는 정맥주사의 통증에 대한 심리적인 거부감 및 두려움이 존재하고 있다. 정맥 카데터 주입시의 통증을 평가하기 위해 CT검사를 위해 내원한 소아 130명(나이 $8{\sim}13$)을 대상으로 하였다. 통증 분석은 시각적 상사 척도(visual analog scale, VAS), 수치 통증 강도 척도(numeric pain rating scale, NPRS), Wong-Baker의 안면 통증 단계 척도(Wong-Baker faces pain scale, WBFPS)를 개량한 3종류의 평가 도구를 이용하였다. 시각적 상사 척도, 수치 통증 강도 척도, Wong-Baker의 안면 통증 단계 척도 간의 양의 상관관계($r=0.70{\sim}0.92$)를 보이고 있다. 시각적 상사 척도/수치 통증 강도 척도에서 보다 좋은 일치도를 나타냈다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2015

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate clinical evidence of moxibustion treatment for knee pain. Methods : All processes were independently carried out by three investigators. A literature search was performed in 3 databases from their inception to May 2015. Ten reports were found based on their title, abstract and text. Following this, data extraction and analysis were done using a risk of bias(ROB) and through an assessment of multiple systematic reviews(AMSTAR). Results : 10 studies(6RCT, 2SR, 2CR) were included. Generally, indirect moxibustion was used for knee pain, but only one study indicated the use of direct moxibustion. Moxibustion was shown to be effective in treating knee pain, and the number of required treatments was fourteen on average. In assessing risk of bias, indefinite and uncertain information made all included trials subject to a high risk of bias. On the other hand, SR showed all evaluation items in the assessment of multiple systematic reviews, with the exception of an included or excluded studies list. Conclusions : Because of deficient study design or limited research planning, there is not sufficient evidence to allow for any conclusion about the efficacy of moxibustion for knee pain. Therefore, well-designed high quality trials are needed from now on.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify minimum datasets for ulcer assessment and to map the minimum datasets to paper-based nursing records for pressure ulcer care in homecare setting. Methods: To identify minimum datasets for pressure ulcer assessment, the authors reviewed four guidelines for pressure ulcer care. The content validity of the minimum datasets was assessed by three homecare nurse specialists. To map the minimum datasets to nursing records, the authors examined 107 pressure ulcer events derived from 45 pressure ulcer patients who received home nursing from two hospitals in Gyeonggi Province. Results: The minimum datasets for initial assessment were anatomical location, stage, size, tissue, exudate, condition of periwound skin, undermining, odor, and pain. 'Location' was recorded best, accounting for a complete recording rate of 98.1%. 'Exudate' and 'pain' showed the poorest record, accounting for 2.8% and 0%, respectively. The minimum datasets for progress assessment were wound size, tissue, and exudate, each accounted for 31.8%, 2.8%, and 4.7%, respectively. Conclusion: This study concluded that data on pressure ulcer assessment was not sufficient homecare and it can be improved by adopting minimum datasets as identified in this study.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2017

Background: Pain with neuropathic characteristics is generally more severe and associated with a lower quality of life compared to nociceptive pain (NcP). Short form of the Douleur Neuropathique en 4 Questions (S-DN4) is one of the most used and reliable screening questionnaires and is reported to have good diagnostic properties. This study was aimed to cross-culturally validate the Hindi version of the S-DN4 in patients with various chronic pain conditions. Methods: The S-DN4 is already translated into the Hindi language by Mapi Research Trust. This study assessed the psychometric properties of the Hindi version of the S-DN4 including internal consistency and test-retest reliability after 3 days' post-baseline assessment. Diagnostic performance was also assessed. Results: One hundred sixty patients with chronic pain, 80 each in the neuropathic pain (NeP) present and NeP absent groups, were recruited. Patients with NeP present reported significantly higher S-DN4 scores in comparison to patients in the NeP absent group (mean (SD), 4.7 (1.7) vs. 1.8 (1.6), P < 0.01). The S-DN4 was found to have an AUC of 0.88 with adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's ${\alpha}=0.80$) and a test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.92) with an optimal cut-off value of 3 (Youden's index = 0.66, sensitivity and specificity of 88.7% and 77.5%). The diagnostic concordance rate between clinician diagnosis and the S-DN4 questionnaire was 83.1% (kappa = 0.66). Conclusions: Overall, the Hindi version of the S-DN4 has good internal consistency and test-retest reliability along with good diagnostic accuracy.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2013

목적 : 본 연구는 퇴행성 슬관절염 환자의 통증을 줄이고 증상을 개선하는데 있어 현재 침구임상에서 활용되고 있는 온침이 침보다 더욱 유효한지를 알아보기 위하여 임상연구로 시행되었다. 방법 : 총 76명의 퇴행성 슬관절염 지원자가 연구에 참가하였으며, 이들 모두는 선정기준과 제외기준에 의하여 선발되었고 최종적으로 임상연구를 마친 지원자는 66명이었다. 지원자들은 무작위로 온침군과 침군 중에 할당이 되었다. 실험군(온침)에 속한 38명은 온침시술을, 대조군(침)에 속한 38명은 침시술을 받았으며, 8주 동안 총 16회의 시술을 환측의 무릎에 시행하였다. 주된 평가척도는 Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)이었고, 부수적 평가척도는 physical health score based on the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-36), Patient Global Assessment이었다. 결과 : 실험군이 대조군에 비해서 WOMAC의 pain, function, total score와 Patient Global Assessment에서 월등한 감소를 나타내었으나 SF-36에서는 유의한 변화가 없었다. 결론 : 이번 연구의 결과를 통해 온침이 침에 비하여 퇴행성 슬관절염 환자의 통증 감소와 기능개선에 유의성있게 효과가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.82-90
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• 2004

Purpose: This study is part of questionnaire survey concerned with the views of nursing staff for cancer patients. This study was done to describe cancer pain management problem, pain management knowledge. Methods: The participants were 188 nurses at cancer ward. Data were collected from July 2003 to August 2003. Data were collected with multiple-choice items and one open-ended question, which were constructed structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed by means of SPSS statistical software and content analysis. Results: Experiences of pain education are 53.7%, pain assessment sheet not use 86%, pain management status are partial. Education need of pain management was 87.8% patients in pain were very often(23.9%) or rather often (35.1%) cancer patients. The nurses are respond to open question. Pain management problems as assessed by nurses are categorized 11 item. The health professional problems are Knowledge deficit pain management, Incontrollable pain, Doctor's busy. The patient problems afraid of narcotics for addiction, side effect, distinguishing between physical and suffering, economical problem. The scores of knowledge about pain was average 16.7 score. The pain knowledge showed significant correlation education need(r=.180, p=.013). The effective variable was need of $education({\beta}=.163)$. Conclusion: It was found that pain knowledge was middle score and pain management problem was multiple. The study highlights the need to increase pain education for health professional. Therefore, This study suggest that health professionals education should be done to improve pain management problem.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.159-170
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the validity of the evidence-based guideline on pain developed by Registered Nurses Association of Ontario(RNAO) translated into Korean based on the experts' opinions. Methods: The panel consisted of experts of 60 registered nurses in surgical units, medical doctors and nursing managers who were experts in pain assessment and management. The validity of translated RNAO guideline was evaluated in terms of appropriateness, applicability, and utilization in current practice. Appropriateness and applicability of each recommendation were measured with 9 point scale, whereas utilization was measured by yes/no question. Data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and percent. The experts' opinions were analyzed by content analysis method. Results: In general, most of the recommendations in the guideline received above 7 point in appropriateness and applicability. However, above 20% of recommendations showed less than 50% of utilization rates in current practice. Conclusion: The reasons for low utilization of recommendations in current practice are in need for investigation. This study can be used for the development of guideline more acceptable in Korean health care settings and improve the quality of care for the abdominal surgery patients suffering from pain in Korea.

• Clinical Pain
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2020

Our objective is to evaluate the applicability of segmental phase angle (PhA) via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for post-stroke complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Due to its noninvasiveness and convenience, various studies have used BIA in clinical conditions. We measured segmental PhA in 4 patients at the time of CRPS diagnosis and repeated 4 weeks after 2 weeks of steroid pulse therapy. In 3 cases, the affected-to-unaffected ratio of the upper limb PhA decreased at the time of diagnosis. In 2 cases with improvement of more than 5 points in the CRPS severity score (CSS), increased ratios were observed. In other 2 cases with improvement of less than 4 points in the CSS, no remarkable changes in the ratios were found. We suggest that the segmental PhA can be helpful in assessment of post-stroke CRPS and its recovery.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.229-233
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• 2022

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a skin-sensitive condition/disease that causes severe pain in the facial area predominantly innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve. A 51-year-old man diagnosed with glossopharyngeal neuralgia who was hospitalized with severe pain that limited his daily life activities. From November 18, 2021, to March 4, 2022, he received inpatient (10 days) and outpatient treatment (35 times) using acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and herbal medicine. His symptoms were assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale, Neuropathic Pain Scale, and the Self-report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptom and Signs. The pain reduced after 4 days of initiating Korean medicine treatment and was completely resolved within 4 months of treatment (Numerical Rating Scale score 4 to 0; Neuropathic Pain Scale score 49 to 8; Self-report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs score 18 to 0). Korean medicine treatment could be an option for treating patients with neuropathy who rely on analgesics.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.12-17
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• 2016

Background: The study aimed to determine if ultrasonography of masseter can be used to evaluate the outcome of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in subjects with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) such as myositis and myofascial pain. Methods: Fifteen TMD subjects with myofascial pain/myositis who satisfied the RDC/McNeil criteria were included in the study. All the subjects were administered TENS therapy for a period of 6 days (30 minutes per session). The mouth opening (in millimeters) and severity of pain (visual analogue scale score) and ultrasonographic thickness of the masseter (in millimeters) in the region of trigger/tender areas was assessed in all the subjects both prior and post TENS therapy. A comparison of the pre-treatment and post-treatment values of the VAS score, mouth opening and masseter thickness was done with the help of a t-test. Results: There was a significant reduction in the thickness of masseter muscle (P = 0.028) and VAS scores (P < 0.001) post TENS therapy. There was also a significant improvement in the mouth opening (P = 0.011) post TENS therapy. Conclusions: In the present study, ultrasonography was found to be an effective measuring tool in the assessment of TENS therapy in subjects with myositis and myofascial pain.