• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.559-566
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• 2011

국내에서 재배되는 목포 62호, 보라미, 자미, 신자미, 아야무라사키의 자색고구마 품종에 대해 안토시아닌 함량 및 pH에 따른 적색도, pH와 가열온도에 따른 안정성을 평가하였다. 그 결과, 안토시아닌 함량은 각 3.9, 3.8, 4.7, 4.1, 4.2 mg/g dry weight로 자미가 가장 높았으며, pH에 따른 a 값은 pH 3 에서 20.2, 59.3, 41.4, 37.7, 26.9로 보라미가 가장 높았다. pH에 따른 품종별 안토시아닌 색소의 반감기는 pH 3에서 22.2, 28.3, 26.3, 23.4, 22.7일로 보라미가 가장 안정하였다. 그리고 온도에 따른 품종별 안토시아닌 색소의 반감기는 온도가 낮을수록 증가하여 안정하였으며, 특히 자미는 $20^{\circ}C$에서 401일로 매우 높은 안정성을 나타냈다. 또한 가열온도에 따른 활성화에너지는 54.67, 60.93, 71.73, 59.35, 62.28 kJ/mol로 자미가 가장 높았다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.3411-3420
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• 2011

Kinetic and structural studies have been carried out on the effects of meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)-porphyrin ($H_2TPPS_4$) as an anionic and meso-tetrakis(3-N-methyl-pyridyl)porphyrin ($H_2TMPYP$) as a cationic porphyrin with adenosine deaminase (ADA) in 25 mM citrate/phosphate buffer, pH = 4-8, at $37^{\circ}C$ using UVvis spectrophotometry, circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence spectrophotometry as well as molecular dynamics (MD) and molecular docking. Kinetic results showed that the two porphyrins are non-competitive inhibitors. Increasing pH, increases $K_I$ and cationic porphyrin has a higher $K_I$ and lower binding constant ($K_b$) at all pH ranges. Analyzing the secondary structure revealed that both ligands decrease the secondary structure and that the anionic porphyrin is more effective.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 1996

우리나라에서 재배되고 있는 약용작물인 당귀, 황기, 길경, 작약, 더덕, 천궁, 시호 등 약용작물 재배지 토양 254점을 '93년도에 채취하여 토양의 화학성을 분석 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다 1. 약초재배지 토양의 화학적성 질은 평균치로 pH 5.6, O.M 3.0%, 유효태 $P_2O_5$ 405mg/kg. 치환성 K $0.67cmol^+/kg$, 치환성 Ca $6.3cmol^+/kg$, 치환성 mg $1.6cmol^+/kg$이 었다. 2. 조사토양 전체의 pH는 5.1-6.0범위에 많이 분포하였으며 특히 당귀. 길경, 더덕 재배지 토양은 pH 6.0이하가 83-91%나 되어 산성토양으로 나타났다. 3. 유기물의 분포비율은 2.0-4.0% 수준. 유효태 $P_2O_5$,의 분포비율은 500mg/kg이상의 수준에서 많았고 토양의 유기물 및 유효태 $P_2O_5$함량은 길경재배지에서 낮았다. 4. 치환성 양이온의 함량수준별 분포비율은 Ex.K가 $0.2-0.8cmol^+/kg$수준에서 고른 분포를 보인 반면 Ex.Ca와 Ex.MB의 경우는 각각 $2.1-4.0cmol^+/kg$, $0.50-2.00cmol^+/kg$수준에서 높았고. 작물별 토양의 양이온함량은 황기재배지에서 높았고 길경, 더덕재배지에서 낮았다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.181-187
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• 1995

Cylindvocarpon destmtalns isolate CY-92-01, pathogen of root-rot of Panax ginseng showed t the maximum mycelial growth on the Czapek solution agar among the thirteen kinds of media. Five isolates (Isolate CY-92-01, CY-92-03, CY-92-07, CY-94-01, CY-94-02) of C. destructan from various growth stages of p. ginseng recovered from several geographical sites also showed maximum growth in the Czapek-Dox broth compared with potato dextrose broth and V-8 juice broth. Rapid growth rate was maintained until 12 days after inoculation on the Czapek-Dox broth and mycelial weight was somewhat constant until 20 days. After 30 days of incubation, the mycelial weight began to decrease. The fungal growth occurred from 5$^{\circ}C$ to $25^{\circ}C$ and optimum temperature for growth was 2$0^{\circ}C$. Mycelial weight orderly decreased at 15, 25, 10, and 5$^{\circ}C$. Quantitative measurement was impossible at 5$^{\circ}C$. No fungal growth was occurred at the temperature higher than 3$0^{\circ}C$. Growth was observed at all tested pH ranges from 2.8 to 8.0. Optimum pH for growth was 4.0~5.0 followed by pH 3.3~3.5 and 5.4~6.0. The least growth occurred at pH 2.8.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.268-274
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• 1991

${\beta}$-nitrostyrene 유도체(p-H, p-Cl, p-CH$_3$, p-OCH$_3$, p-NO$_2$)에 대한 thiourea의 친핵성 첨가반응속도를 자외선 분광분석법으로 측정하여 pH에 따르는 반응속도 상수의 변화, general base 및 치환기 효과등으로부터 넓은 pH 범위에서 실험치와 잘 일치하는 반응속도식을 구하였고, 실험사실에 잘 맞는 반응 메카니즘을 제안하였다. 즉, pH 9.00 이상에서의 반응속도는 hydroxide ion의 농도에 비례하는 sulfide anion이 첨가되는 전형적인 Michael type의 반응이 일어나며, pH 9.00 ~ 7.00에서는 thiourea의 중성분자와 그의 anion들이 경쟁적으로 첨가되며 pH 7.00 이하에서는 thiourea의 중성분자만이 첨가됨을 알았다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2022

Mackinawite (FeS), as a ubiquitous reduced iron mineral, is known as a key controller of redox reactions in anaerobic subsurface environment. The reaction of FeS with redox-sensitive toxic element such as arsenic is substantially affected by pH conditions of the given environments. In this study, the interaction of As(V) with FeS was studied under strict anaerobic conditions with various pH conditions. The pH-dependent arsenic removal tests were conducted under wide ranges of pH conditions and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was applied to investigate the reaction mechanisms under pH 5, 7, and 9. The removal efficiency of FeS for As(V) showed the higher removal of As(V) under low pH conditions and its removal efficiency decreased with increasing pH, and no As(V) reduction was observed in 1 g/L FeS solution. However, XAS analysis indicated the reduction of As(V) to As(III) occurred during reaction between FeS and As(V). The reduced form of As(III) was particularly identified as an arsenic sulfide mineral (As₂S₃) in all pH conditions (pH 5, 7, and 9). As₂S₃ precipitation was more pronounced in pH 5 where the solubility of FeS is higher than in other pH conditions. The linear combination fitting results of XAS demonstrated that As(V) removal mechanism is concerted processes of As₂S₃ precipitation and surface complexation of both arsenic species.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 1990

These experiments were carried out to develop a novel, simple, and rapid method to determine urinary sulfonamides using fluorescamine by spectrofluorometry. To get optimal conditions for the sulfonamide-fluorescamine reaction, sulfonamides such as sulfamethazine, sulfamerazine, sulfadimethoxine and sulfamonomethoxine, dissolved in buffers with various pH ranges were reacted with various concentrations of fluorescamine. and then, the fluorescence intensity and stability of the fluorophore were measured. To eliminate the interfering substances in urine, the fluorophore in buffers and urine with a definite pH range was extracted with some organic solvents. After then the fluorescence intensity was measured in organic and aquous phases. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The maximal fluorescence of sulfonamides was presented in acidic state, pH 4.5~5.0, at 30 minutes after reaction. 2. The optimal concentration ratio of sulfamethazine and ffuorescamine was more than 1 : 40 in mole. 3. In pH 4.0, the intensity was maximal but was time-dependent, whereas in pH 8.0, the intensity was time-independent. 4. Sulfamethazine-fluorescamine conjugate could be dissolved in some of organic solvents in acidic state such as chloroform, n-butanol, and ethylacetate. 5. Sulfamethazine-flnorescamine conjugate in swine urine coule be extracted with ethylacetate in acidic state, pH 4.0~5.0.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 1993

본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는, 유기(有機)리간드-중금속(重金屬) 착염형성(錯鹽形成) 원리(原理)를 적용(適用)하여 수용액(水溶液) 중(中) 중금속(重金屬)을 제거(除去)하는 방법(方法)을 연구(硏究)하는 일환(一環)으로, 침전형성(沈澱形成) 반응(反應)에 미치는 중금속(重金屬)의 농도(濃度), pH 및 온도(溫度)의 효과(效果)를 조사(調査)하였다. 부숙(腐熟)된 퇴비(堆肥)로부터 추출한 부식산(腐植酸)과 훌브산(酸)을 중금속(重金屬) 수용액(水溶液)과 반응시켜 침전(沈澱)시키고, 복합체(複合體)를 여과법(濾過法)에 의해 분리(分離)하여 중금속(重金屬)의 제거효율(除去效率)를 측정했다. 상대(相對) 리간드가 부식산(腐植酸)일때, 침전형성에 미치는 중금속(重金屬)의 농도효과(濃度效果)를 3가지 유형(類型)으로 나타났다. 중금속의 처리농도가 일전 수준(水準)에 도달하기 전(前)까지는 농도(濃度)가 증가해도 침전(沈澱)이 형성되지 않았으며, 그 후(後)부터는 침전형성율(沈澱形成率)이 증가하여 포화점에 도달했고, 포화점을 지나서는 다시 감소하였다. 침전형성(沈澱形成)을 시작(始作)할 수 있는 중금속(重金屬)과 리간드의 농도비율(濃度比率)은 중금속(重金屬)의 종류(種類)와 리간드의 농도(濃度) 의존성(依存性)을 보여 주었다. 포화침전(飽和沈澱)을 형성할 때 1mg의 부식산과 침전을 형성할 수 있는 양(量)은 Pb가 Cu에 비해 1.3배 이상 많았다. 반면에 상대(相對) 리간드가 훌브산(酸)인 경우 중금속의 침전농도(沈澱濃度)는 중금속(重金屬)의 처리농도(處理濃度)에 비례하여 증가(增加)하였다. 훌브산(酸)에 의한 Pb의 침전효율(沈澱效率)은 훌브산(酸)의 농도(濃度)에 관계없이 거의 100%였으나, Cu는 훌브산(酸)의 농도(濃度)가 높을수록 높았으며, 12~19%였다. pH는 Pb과 FA사이의 침전형성량(沈澱形成量)에 큰 영향(影響)을 미쳤으며, pH가 한 단위(單位) 증가(增加)할 때 침전형성율(沈澱形成率)은 최고 6배까지 증가하였다. 침전형성농도가 급증(急增)하는 pH의 범위는 유기(有機)리간드의 pH 급변구간(急變區間)과 일치(一致)했다. 반응온도는 부식산(腐植酸)과 중금속(重金屬)사이의 침전형성율(沈澱形成率)에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 그러나, 반응온도가 $15^{\circ}C$에서 $55^{\circ}C$로 증가함에 따라, Cu-훌브산의 침전형성율은 2배 가량 증가하였으며, Pb-홀브산의 경우는 6%의 증가를 보였다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.133-142
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• 2011

A total of 247 samples were collected from groundwater being used for drinking-water supply, and hydrogeochemistry and radionuclide analysis were performed. In-situ analysis of groundwaters resulted in ranges of $13.7{\sim}25.1^{\circ}C$ for temperature, 5.9~8.5 for pH, 33~591 mV for Eh, $66{\sim}820{\mu}S/cm$ for EC, and 0.2~9.4 mg/L for DO. Major cation and anion concentrations of groundwaters were in ranges of 0.5~227.6 for Na, 1.0~279.3 for Ca, 0.0~9.3 for K, 0.1~100.1 for Mg, 0.0~3.3 for F, 0.9~779.1 for Cl, 0.3~120.4 for $SO_4$, 0.0~27.4 for $NO_3$-N, and 6~372 mg/L for $HCO_3$. Uranium-238 and radon-222 concentrations were detected in ranges of N.D-$131.1{\mu}g/L$ and 18-15,953 pCi/L, respectively. In case of some groundwaters exceeding USEPA MCL level ($30{\mu}g/L$) for uranium concentration, their pH ranged from 6.8 to 8.0 and Eh showed a relatively low value(86~199 mV) compared to other areas. Most groundwaters belonged to Ca-(Na)-$HCO_3$ type, and groundwaters of metamorphic rock exhibited the highest concentration of Na, Mg, Ca, Cl, $NO_3$-N, U, and those of plutonic rock showed the highest concentration of $HCO_3$, and Rn. Uranium and fluoride from granite areas did not show any correlation. However, uranium and bicarbonate displayed a positive relation of some areas in plutonic rocks($R^2$=0.3896).

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.752-755
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• 2006

Reverse annealing was observed in $P^+/B^+$ ion shower doped poly-Si upon activation annealing. Phosphorous or boron was implanted by ion shower doping using a source gas mixture of $PH_3/H_2$ or $B_2H_6/H_2$. Activation annealing was conducted using a tube furnace in the temperature ranges from $350^{\circ}C$ to $650^{\circ}C$. Hall measurement revealed that reverse annealing begins at different annealing temperatures for poly-Si implanted with P and B, respectively. It was observed that reverse annealing starts at $550^{\circ}C$$ in $P^+$ ion shower doped poly-Si, while at $350^{\circ}C$ in the case of B-doping.