• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate and assess the composition of mineral and macronutrient contents in Korean cow′s milk.48 individual farm raw milk, 10 plant raw milk and 29 market milk were collected from June to August in 2003. The minerals such as calcium(Ca), potassium(K), magnesium(Mg), sodium(Na), zinc(Zn), iron(Fe) and phosphorus(P) were determined by using atomic absorption spectrometer(AAS). The macronutrients such as fat, protein and lactose were tested by using IR spectrometer. The obtained analytical results of minerals(mg/100 g) and rnaetronutrients (％) are as follows：1. In case of raw cow′s milk ； Ca 113.56, K 144.09, Mg 10.86, Na 42.53, Zn 0.42, Fe 0.030, p 113.32, fat 3.85, protein 3.08, lactose 4.80,2. In case of market cow′s milk ; Ca 103.04, K 142.46, Mg 10.27, Na 43.21, Zn 0.40, Fe 0.034. p 97.30, fat 3.78, protein 3.05, lactose 4.70,3. In case of fortified market cow′s milk ; Ca 165.40, K 145.79, Mg 10.57. Na 42.55, Zn 0.57, Fe 0.414, p 94.68, fat 3.74, protein 3.08, lactose 4.68,4. In case of processed market cow′s milk ; Ca 134.72, K 142.74, Mg 10.33, Na 45.07, Zn 0.50, Fe 0.650, p 92.48, fat 3.72, protein 3.07, lactose 4.74. According to the group of market milk(milk, fortified market row′s milk, processed market cow′s milk), the mean concentration of Ca and Fe were significantly higher in fortified and processed milk than milk(p<0.05). There were no significant differences in macronutrient(fat, protein, lactose) and mineral contents between pasteurized milk and UHT(ultra high temperature) treated milk($\alpha$=0.05). The labeled "Nutritional Facts" of market milk were satisfied with "Labeling Standards for Livestock Products of Korea". The measured mean concentrations of Ca, Fe, Zn were generally higher than lower limit of labeled value(above 80% of labeled value). The mean concentration of sodium was lower than upper limit of labeled value(below 120％ of labeled value).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.104-110
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• 2015

In order to develop new Kalopanax pictus shoot Jangajji (KJ) with low salt concentration, physicochemical changes of KJ soaked at different concentration of soybean sauce (10~50%) were investigated for 50 days. The pH of KJ increased significantly with increasing concentration of soybean sauce in soaking solution (P<0.05). Titratable acidity and NaCl concentration of all KJ increased during storage for 50 days at $10^{\circ}C$. The total bacterial count slowly increased during early storage time and reached its highest level (4.74 log CFU/g) after storage for 30 days. KJ-20 (KJ added with 20% soy sauce) showed the highest scores for taste, flavor, texture, and overall acceptability. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of KJ extract increased with increasing concentration of soybean sauce. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of KJ extract were 27.22% and 38.37% (control), 40.74% and 43.65% (KJ-10), 41.79% and 50.37% (KJ-20), 43.09% and 52.60% (KJ-30), 48.62% and 53.45% (KJ-40), and 50.85% and 60.79% (KJ-50), respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.270-271
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• 2003

The genus of Pseudodiaptomus Herrick, 1884 presently comprises 74 species worldwide extending freshwater to hypersaline water(Walter, 2002). Of these, the post-embryonic developments of their naupliar and copepodid stages have been reported in only eight species: P euryhalinus, P. cornatus, P. richardi inequalis, P. marinus, P. binghami, P. poplesia, P. aurivilli and P. hessei. (omitted)

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.74-80
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• 2011

Background: Lidocaine patch (L5P) has demonstrated short-term efficacy in treating both acute surgical pain and chronic neuropathic pain with tolerable side effects. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) is the mainstay of minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS). Sufficient analgesia during PELD surgery makes the patient consider it real MISS. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of lidocaine patch in patients who underwent PELD under local anesthesia. Methods: L5P (L group) or placebo (P group) was randomly applied on the skin of the back covering the anticipated path of the working channel before 1 hour of surgery in 100 patients who underwent a single level PELD at L4-L5. Efficacy of the lidocaine patch was assessed by patient's numeric rating scale (NRS) of pain at each stage during the surgery and by a 5-scale grading of the satisfaction with the anesthesia of the operator and patients after surgery. Results: Mean NRS scores at the stages of needle insertion, skin incision, serial dilation and insertion of working channel, and subcutaneous suture were significantly lower in the L group than the P group. Postoperative operator's and patients' satisfaction scores were also significantly higher in L group than in the P group. There were subtle adverse effects in both groups. Conclusions: L5P provided better pain relief during PELD, especially at the stage of needle insertion, skin incision, serial dilation and insertion of working channel, and subcutaneous suture. It also provided higher patient and operator postoperative satisfaction, with only subtle adverse effects.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.982-986
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• 1997

Propolis extract was added to white bread(P1-1.48%, P2-0.74%, P3-0.37%), prepared in the straight-dough method, and its effects on shelf-life, antimicrobial activity, staling and sensory evaluation of white bread were investigated. In all P1, P2 samples, added propolis inhibited the growth of fungi, and the more propolis extract was added, the higher degree of inhibition of fungal growth was observed. The staling rates of white breads with P1, P2 and P3 were retarded by 22.5%, 19.2% and 6.4% respectively compared to that of control, and the Avrami exponent was similar in all samples. As a result of sensory evaluation, flavor, off-flavor, texture and overall acceptability of P2 and P3 were not significantly different from that of control.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.74-78
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• 2020

A push-pull conjugated dye (DCMP) was covalently immobilized on a silanized glass surface to produce a high sensitivity pH sensor film for operating in the acidic region. A pH-sensitive sensor film was prepared by photo-initiating copolymerization of a modified DCMP (DCMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate on the silanized glass surface. The absorbance of the sensor film increased with increasing pH between pH 2.0 and 5.0, and the fluorescence intensity of the film also increased about 50 times with increasing pH in the same pH range. The sensor film was reversible and reproducible under acidic conditions. The sensor film showed a relatively short response time between 20-50 seconds and high selectivity for proton in the presence of various metal ions.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.139-145
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• 2005

Background and Objectives: Because of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck undergoes a generally poor hospital course, the prognostic significance of the squamous cell carcinomas in head and neck have been evaluated to identify those features associated with aggressive biologic behavior according to the immunologic and histopathologic characteristics. Materials and Method: To assess the significance of EGFR, c-erbB-2, p21 and p53 protein in head and neck tumors and their correlation with prognostic factors, samples from 74 patients with squamous cell carcinomas of larynx, pharynx, and oral cavity were studied immunohistochemically. Results: EGFR, c-erbB-2, p21, and p53 protein were expressed 94.6%, 24.3%, 85.1%, and 55.4% in 74 cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. The positive expression of EGFR was associated significantly with clinical stage and the negative expressions of p21 was associated significantly with histopathologic differentiation. There were no significant relationships between the reactivity of EGFR, c-erbB-2, p21, and p53 protein. Conclusion: The expression of EGFR, c-erbB-2, p21 and p53 protein could be related to oncogenesis, and the expression of p21 and EGFR protein can be used as a prognosticator in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma under certain limitations, but c-erbB-2 and p53 protein expression alone is not enough for evaluating prognosis of the carcinoma.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.6461-6468
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• 2013

This research is conducted to investigate musculoskeletal diseases' that can be developed in paramedics body whose are in charge of emergency situations before they arrive at the hospital. The data were collected from 216 of paramedics from July 2, 2012 to July 31, 2012. As a result, 57.9% of participants have already felt the subjective symptoms of the muscular skeletal diseases, and 47.2% of them felt the pain on their waists and hips. These pains are highly related to their working situations. In the aspects of the muscuoskeletal diseases' symptoms, general characteristics, gender (t=16.579, p=.000), age (t=102.344, p=.000), education (t=5.363, p=.027), drinking (t=6.999, p=.030), and smoking (t=6.266, p=.009), have significance differences. Professional characteristics, career (t=67.684, p=.000), passengers of the ambulance (t=7.717, p=.004), qualification or license (t=25.480, p=.000), and position (t=74.615, p=.000), have also significance differences.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.194-200
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors on stresses to Emergency Rescue students' who have national examination ahead. In this descriptive research, 87 3rd-degree-Emergency Rescue students from K city were selected. Collected data was analyzed by using the SPSS PC program for descriptive data, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation. In result, stress factors are categorized by curriculum($3.67{\pm}.74$), homework ($3.39{\pm}.93$), environment($3.37{\pm}.93$), examination($3.35{\pm}.74$), employment($3.04{\pm}.75$) and total mean was ($3.36{\pm}.59$). The way to adjust stresses characterized by long-term($3.14{\pm}.54$) and short-term($2.55{\pm}.44$), also the short-term is used more than the other ways. The significant differences between general characteristics and stress factor were gender(t=4.466, p=.040), grade(F=2.53, p=.047). In the correlations between categories of the stress factor and stress degree, the examination(r=.81, p=.000), curriculum(r=.66, p=.000), homework(r=.80, p=.000), environment (r=.74, p=.000), and employment(r=.62, p=.000) were significant. In conclusion, it is needed to study for managing stress according to various subjects.

• 한국수산학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.73-74
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• 2005