• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.127-135
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• 1996

This study investigated the correlation of physique factor( standing height, body weight, chest girth, body surface ) and vital capacity upon records of swimming discipline at sea water. The subjects are 194 sophomore students of Korea Maritime University who participated in the swimming discipline. The swimming records were divided into three groups - higher, middle and lower group. The results from this investigation are as follow ; 1. The standing height was above the average on the A, B+ record, body weight was above on the A+, A record, and vital capacity was above on the A+, A, B+, C record respectively. 2. The standing height, body weight, chest girth, body surface, vital capacity was significantly correlated between record P < 0.05 and P < 0.01. Therefore the higher record group has better physique factor and vital capacity than the middle or lower record group. 3. The standing higher of the higher record group was significantly correlated with body weight(0.514), body surface(0.768) and vital capacity(0.427), and body weight was significantly correlated with chest girth(0.525), body surface(0.940) and vital capacity. This standing heiht of the middle record group was sigificantly correlated with body weight(0.509) and body surface(0.779), and body weight was significantly orrelated with chest grith(0.618) and body surface(0.927). The standing height of the lower record group was significantly correlated with body weight(0.595), chest grith(0.363), body surface(0.802) and vital capacity(0.250), and body weight was significantly correlated with chest grith(0.678) and body surface(0.952).

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2002

This study was done in order to evaluate the of effects on the blood lipid profiles, the body weight and body fat in 28 healthy female volunteers who had over 30% body fat by the long term intake of red ginseng product. Subjects were divided into four groups (placebo group n=7, red ginseng product group; n=7, exorcise group; n=7, exercise & red ginseng product group; n=7). Blood sampling and measuring of the body fat were taken by pre-treatment, 3 weeks, and after 12 weeks. Statistical techniques for data analysis were applied one-way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA. The 5% level of significance was used as the critical level for this study. In summary of results, total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoproprotein cholesterol were reduced in three groups (red ginseng product group, p<0.001, exercise group, p<0.01 ; exercise & red ginseng product group, p<0.001) except placebo group. HDL-C was improved in three groups (red ginseng product group, p<0.05; exercise group, p<0.01; exercise & red ginseng product group, p<0.001) except placebo group. Body weight, percent body fat and body fat mass were reduced in three groups (red ginseng product group, p<0.01, exercise group, p<0.01 ; exercise & red ginseng product group, p<0.001) except placebo group. Finally, lean body mass was improved in three groups (red ginseng product group, p<0.05; exercise group, p<0.01; exercise & red ginseng product group, p<0.001) except placebo group.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.363-370
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• 2000

We evaluate the dual quermassintegrals of $\gamma$-equichordal bodies and obtain the lower bound for the volume product of p-centroid body in $E^2$.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.167-176
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the level of body perception, obesity, and factors associated with stages of exercise and dietary habits change in university students. Methods: A descriptive design was used. Data were collected from 279 university students using structured questionnaires. Results: The body perception was significantly associated with self rated health (F=27.89. p<.001), weight satisfaction (F=137.74. p<.001) and weight control interest (F=39.19. p<.001). The BMI was significantly associated with weight satisfaction (F=34.08. p<.001) and weight control interest (F=19.59. p=.003). But the body perception and BMI were not significantly associated with depression (F=2.17, p=.073, F=0.86. p=.462), the change of exercise (F=25.91. p=.055, F=20.34. p=.061), and dietary habits (F=12.96. p=.677, F=11.29. p=.505). The related factors affecting the change of exercise behavior were counter conditioning, self efficacy, eating behavior, and helping relationship, including 30.4% R-square. The related factor affecting the change of dietary habit was only eating behavior, including 20.0% R-square. Conclusion: This study can provide useful information to develop effective programs for the change of exercise and dietary habits considering university students' stages of change according to the transtheoretical model.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.4-18
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of thermotherapy on gas pain, post-operative resilience, and body temperature discomfort among patients who received laparoscopic myomectomies. Methods: The experimental group consisted of 62 patients with thermotherapy and the control group consisted of 60 patients. Thermotherapy was applied individually to the experimental group four hours after surgery. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ${\chi}^2$-tests, and repeated measures of analysis of variance, using IBM SPSS Statistics version 18. Results: The results showed no significant interaction effect between the group and time of measurement in gas-related pain in the experimental group. For gas-related pain, there was significant difference in right shoulder pain at 24 hours (t=-4.222, p=.000), 48 hours (t=-3.688, p=.000), 72 hours (t=-2.250, p=.028), and left at 24 hours (t=-3.727, p=.000), 48 hours (t=-4.150, p=.000), and 72 hours (t=-2.482, p=.016) and both shoulders at 24 hours (t=-2.722, p=.009) and 48 hours (t=-2.525, p=.014). There was no significant difference in epigastric pain, excluding both epigastric pain at 48 hours (t=2.908, p=.005), 72 hours (t=3.010, p=.004), but there was a significant difference in objective body temperature discomfort (t=2.895, p=.008). Conclusion: Thermotherapy relieved shoulder gas-related pain and objective body temperature discomfort. It needs to be developed and applied to improve post-operative discomfort in patients with laparoscopic hysterectomies.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.449-461
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the changes of physical and psychological factors of obese children, obesity indices and blood serum levels, food habits and body and self-esteem after a weight control program. The results from this study were as follows: Participants of the study involved 20 boys (48.8%) and 21 girls (51.2%) totaling 41 children. Children's weight control experiences were 90.2% and parents' were 59.5%. Among methods of weight control, children and parents both used exercise and reduced amounts of meals. Sixty-one percent of the children had breakfast almost everyday. The reasons of skipping breakfast were having no time to eat by 44.4% and 50% of children watched TV while having a meal and they considered taste (55.3%) and nutrition value (21.1%) when choosing food. After the weight control program, the children's body fat percent (%) significantly decreased from 40.3% to 35.4% (p < 0.01). There was significant difference of boys and girls' hip circumferences (92.9 cm, 91.4 cm, p < 0.01) after the program but there was only a slight change in their WHR (0.91, 0.92). Girls' waist circumferences significantly decreased from 75.0 cm to 73.0 cm (p < 0.05) and there was a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol, 50.0 (mg/dL) to 55.2 (mg/dL), (p < 0.05). Knowledge levels of obesity significantly increased from 2.5 to 5.1 in the girls' cases (p < 0.001). Nonetheless, attitudes of weight control and food habits score had not changed a lot. After the program, both the boys and girls' body-esteem had significantly increased (p < 0.01) but self-esteem had not changed. These results suggest that a body weight control program must be included in nutrition education, exercise and psychotherapy to improve body and self-esteem of obese children.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to examine whether whole-body balance taping therapy could contribute to take balance of all of the body and to decrease the pain. Data were collected from 20 people who received the treatments of physical therapy in one welfare center of Daegu city for four weeks from 6. Jan. 2003 to 7. Feb. 2003. A simple questionnaire and VAS for evaluation of a pain degree was used. And the Biomyth 7 was used to measure the whole-body balance and the sample exercise protocol for KAT 2000, which is a balance training device tool, was also used as an evaluation tool. The result of the study showed that balance level of human body was improved after receiving the whole-body balance taping therapy. Total, Right Left, Front, Back score of the balance level before the therapy was 1033.6, 656.1, 377.6, 639.9, 394.5 respectively. However, the scores of them after the therapy was decreased to 432.0(p<0.01), 293.2(p<0.01), 142.3, 287.7(p<0.05), 143.9(p<0.05) respectively. And the degree of pain before the therapy in the Back and Knee was 6.1, 6.7 respectively. However, the degree of the pain after the therapy was decreased to 3.1(p<0.01), 3.1(p<0.01) respectively. Further studies using case - control groups are required because this study only deal with the before-after test for the same group.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.392-399
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• 2005

Shear modulus (or rigidity) of dam material is an important parameter which can be directly associated with the deformation of dam. Seepage or leakage of water can cause the defects or cracks of dam body. The existence of cracks and rigidity of dam body are decisive information for the estimation of dam safety. Rigidity of material is mainly determined from S-wave velocity and the defects of dam body can be detected by seismic reflection survey. Therefore, seismic reflection survey will be a desirable method which can give a solution about dam safety problem. Among various physical properties of dam body, S-wave velocity is the most important information but it is not easy to get the information. In this study, diverse measuring techniques of S-wave reflection survey were attempted to get the information about S-wave velocity of dam body. Ultimately, S-wave velocity could be estimated by the analysis of SH reflection events which can be easily observed in shot gather data obtained from SH measuring technique. Meanwhile, P-wave reflection survey was also performed at the same profile. P-beam radiation technique which can reduce the surface waves and reinforce the P-wave reflection events was applied for giving a help to analyse P-wave velocity. In the end, P-and S-wave velocity, Vs/Vp, Poisson's ratio distribution of the vertical section under the profile could be acquired.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.204-215
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• 2018

Background: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the effect of metformin on weight loss was assessed to determine whether metformin should be recommended for the prevention or treatment of weight gain in patients receiving antipsychotic medication for the treatment of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to June 2018. In addition, the references of relevant articles were also examined. Using Review Manager 5, the pooled estimates of the weighted mean difference (WMD) of the changes in body weight and body mass index (BMI) and the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: The meta-analysis included 15 RCTs. The pooled analysis showed that compared with placebo, metformin led to significant reductions in body weight (WMD: -2.09, 95% CI: -2.59, -1.60; p<0.00001) and BMI (WMD: -0.90, 95% CI: -1.08, -0.72; p<0.00001). The effect of metformin on weight loss was greater in patients receiving olanzapine than in patients receiving clozapine (body weight, WMD: -2.39, 95% CI: -3.76, -1.02; p=0.0006 for olanzapine; -1.99, 95% C: -3.47, -0.51; p=0.009 for clozapine; BMI, WMD: -1.15, 95% CI: -1.74, -0.57, p=0.0001 for olanzapine; WMD: 0.76, 95% CI: -1.23, -0.28; p=0.002 for clozapine). Conclusion: Metformin can be recommended to manage olanzapine-induced weight gain in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. The magnitude of the reductionss in body weight and BMI implieds that the use of metformin to attenuate olanzapine-induced weight gain can minimize the risk of coronary heart disease.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.247-258
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate weight control status and associated factors among health-related major female college students. The subjects consisted of 41 nutrition and 78 physical exercise major female college students. Nutrient intakes, biochemical index, nutrition knowledge (recognition and accuracy), interest of weight control, body satisfaction, self-recognition of health condition, self-evaluated body weight were studied. About 73% of nutrition and 79% of physical exercise major female students were in the normal range of BMI ($18.5{\sim}23$) and 2% of nutrition and 1% of physical exercise major female students were underweight, 10% of nutrition and 6% of physical exercise major female students were obese. There were no significant differences in height and weight by major but %body fat and WHR in physical exercise majors were significantly lower than nutrition major students (respectively p<0.01, p<0.05). Overall, nutrition intakes of subjects were not shown to be appropriate, especially Ca/P of subjects was shown $0.54{\sim}0.64$, fat% out of energy of subjects was shown $24.7{\sim}29.0$ and Na intake was shown above 2000mg. Recognition and accuracy of nutrition were higher than those of physical exercise majors (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in self-recognition of health condition, self-evaluated body weight, satisfaction of body shape by major and weight control attempt. But interest of weight control of attempter was higher than that of no-attempter in nutrition (p<0.05) and physical exercise major students (p<0.01). Significantly negative correlation was found in satisfaction of body and BMI, body fat mass, %bodyfat, WHR. And significantly positive correlation was found in interest of weight control and BMI, %bodyfat, WHR. It was noticeable to see that interest of weight control was positively correlated to accuracy and accuracy was negatively correlated to blood cholesterol level. Therefore, proper nutrition education for female college students is needed in order to improve their weight control-related health.