• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.29-39
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• 2016

Background: In the treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder, the goals of traditional physical therapy are not only to reduce the inflammatory process leading to pain, but also to decrease joint overload and muscle hyperactivity. To achieve those goals, physical therapists generally use a photo-therapy, joint mobilization, and massage. Objects: To examine the impact of an unloading technique using non-elastic taping on the pain, opening mouth, functional level, and quality of life in patients with TMJ disorder. Method: Twenty patients with TMJ disorder were included in this study and randomly divided into the experimental ($n_1$=10), and control ($n_2$=10) groups. Traditional physical therapy including massage and stretching for 30 min was performed in both groups. Non-elastic taping was performed in the experimental group after traditional physical therapy, and they were recommended to keep the tape attached for 12 hours. Outcomes for pain, functional level, and quality of life were measured using a survey. The opening mouth was measured using a general ruler. Result: Significant differences were observed in the pain level, opening mouth, functional level, and quality of life after the intervention and on follow-up in both groups. However, we found that while the levels of all parameters were maintained throughout the follow-up period in the experimental group, the functional status level was not maintained throughout the follow-up period in the control group. Conclusion: Our unloading technique using non-elastic tape results comparable to those achieved by traditional physical therapy in the treatment of TMJ. However, the unloading taping method using non-elastic tape is more effective than traditional physical therapy in maintaining the impact of intervention.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.73-78
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• 2019

Due to frequent topology changes in wireless networks, inter-node link disconnection and path re-establishment occur, causing problems such as overloading control messages in the network. In this paper, to solve the problems such as link disconnection and control message overload, we perform path setup in three steps of the neighbor node discovery process, the route discovery process, and the route management process in the wireless network environment. The link stability value is calculated using the information of the routing table. Then, when the zone master monitors the calculated link value and becomes less than the threshold value, it predicts the link disconnection and performs the path reset to the corresponding transmitting and receiving node. The proposed scheme shows a performance improvement over the existing OLSR protocol in terms of data throughput, average path setup time, and data throughput depending on the speed of the mobile node as the number of mobile nodes changes.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.115-125
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• 2001

Authentication and access control are essential requirements for the information security of distributed environment. Delegation is process whereby an initiator principal in a distributed environment authorizes another principal to carry out some functions on behalf of the former. Delegation of access rights also increases the availability of services offer safety in distributed environments. A delegation easily provides principal to grant privileges in the single domain with Role-Based Access Control(RBAC). But in the multi-domain, initiators who request delegation may require to limit the access right of their delegates with restrictions that are called delegate restriction to protect the abuse of privilege. In this paper, we propose the delegation view as function of delegation restrictions. Proposed delegation view model not only prevent over-exposure of documents from granting multiple step delegation to document sharing in multi-domain with RBAC infrastructure but also reduce overload of security administrator and communication.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.287-295
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• 2017

Recently, MTC (Machine Type Communication) is known as an important part to support IoT (Internet of Things) applications. MTC provides network connectivities between MTC devices without human intervention. In MTC, a large number of devices try to access over communication resource with a short period of time. Due to the limited communication resource, resource contention becomes severe and it brings about access failures of devices. To solve the problem, it needs to regulate device accesses. In this paper, we present an efficient access management scheme. We measure the number of devices which try to access in a certain time period and predict the change of the number of devices in the next time period. Using the predicted change, we control the number of devices which try to access. To verify our scheme, we conduct experiments in terms of success probability, failure probability, collision probability and access delay.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.45-53
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• 2000

In wireless environment, due to the limited capacity of radio channels it is not easy to guarantee QoS provisioning to mobile users. Therefore, one of the key problems to support broadband multimedia multi-services in wireless ATM networks is to study an effective call admission control(CAC). The purpose of this paper is to propose a distributed CAC scheme that guarantees multi QoS and multi-class service. Control parameters of the proposed scheme are QoS threshold and channel overload probability. With these parameter control, we show that the scheme can guarantee the requested QoS to both new and handover calls. In the scheme, channels are allocated dynamically, and QoS measurements are made in a distributed manner. We show that by providing variable data rate to calls it can effectively prohibit the QoS degradation even if there are severe fluctuations of network traffic. We compare the proposed CAC scheme to the well-known schemes such as guard band call admission control scheme. Through numerical examples and simulations, the proposed scheme is shown to improve the performance by lowering the probability of handover call dropping

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.377-391
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• 2019

Recently, system studies using tokens and block chains for authentication, access control, etc in IoT environment have been going on at home and abroad. However, existing token-based systems are not suitable for IoT environments in terms of security, reliability, and scalability because they have centralized characteristics. In addition, the system using the block chain has to overload the IoT device because it has to repeatedly perform the calculation of the hash et to hold the block chain and store all the blocks. In this paper, we intend to manage the access rights through tokens for proper access control in the IoT. In addition, we apply the Tangle to configure the P2P distributed ledger network environment to solve the problem of the centralized structure and to manage the token. The authentication process and the access right grant process are performed to issue a token and share a transaction for issuing the token so that all the nodes can verify the validity of the token. And we intent to reduce the access control process by reducing the repeated authentication process and the access authorization process by reusing the already issued token.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39B no.11
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• pp.730-742
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• 2014

In the case of On-demand routing protocol in cognitive radio ad-hoc networks, broadcasting of control packets may occur common control channel overload and packet collisions during the routing procedure. This situation is to increase the overhead of path finding and also limited to find the accurate and reliable path. Since reliable channel and path finding is restricted, path life time is shorten and path reliability is reduced. In this paper, we propose a new routing algorithm that reduces control channel overhead and increases path life time by considering the probability of appearance of primary user and channel status of neighbor nodes. Each node performs periodic local sensing to detect primary user signal and to derive primary user activity patterns. The probability of primary appearance on the current channel and the channel status can be obtained based on the periodic sensing. In addition, each node identifies the quality of the channel by message exchange through a common channel with neighbor nodes, then determines Link_Levels with neighbor nodes. In the proposed method, the Link Level condition reduces the number of control messages that are generated during the route discovery process. The proposed method can improve path life time by choosing a path through Path_Reliability in which stability and quality are weighted depending on the location. Through simulation, we show that our proposed algorithm reduces packet collisions and increases path life time in comparison with the traditional algorithm.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.195-202
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• 1993

Oxidative modification of cellular proteins and lipids may play a role in the development of diabetic complications. Diabetic cardiomyopathy has been suggested to be caused by the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ overload in the myocardium, which is partly due to the defect of calcium transport of the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). In the present study, the possible mechanism of the functional defect of cardiac SR in diabetic rats was studied. Both of the maximal $Ca^{2+}$ uptake and the affinity for $Ca^{2+}$ were decreased in the diabetic rat SR in comparison with the control. To investigate whether the functional defect of the cardiac SR in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat is associated with the oxidative changes of cardiac SR proteins, the carbonyl group content and glycohemoglobin levels were determined. The increase in carbonyl group content of cardiac SR (2.30 nmols/mg protein, DM; 1.78, control) and in glycohemoglobin level $(13{\sim}17%,\;DM;\;3{\sim}5%,\;control)$ were observed in the diabetics. The extent of increase in calcium transport by phospholamban phosphorylation was greater in the diabetic cardiac SR membranes than that in the control. The phosphorylation levels of phospholamban, as determined by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography with $[{\gamma}^{32}P]ATP$, were increased in diabetic cardiac SR. These results suggest that the impaired cardiac SR function in diabetic rat could be a consequence of the less-phosphorylation of phospholamban in the basal state, which is partly due to the depleted norepinephrine stores in the heart. Furthermore, the oxidative damages in cardiac SR membranes might be one of the additional factors leading to the diabetic cardiomyopathy.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.242-255
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• 1997

Characteristics of attention deficit of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) were investigated by administering six computerized attention tests of Vienna Test System and four neuropsychological tests to children aged 6-12, with ADHD(n=21) and age-matched normal control children(n=22). The findings indicated that ADHD children show lower level of vigilance, more decline of performance in vigilance task on time, and impaired preparedness to response. They also have selective attention deficit on monitoring tasks, but did not have sustained attention deficit compared with normal control children. On the tasks wich overload their information processing capacity, ADHD children show more impulsive response pattern than normal control children. The performance of ADHD was worse than control on the neuropsychological tests sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction. The presense 'These' attention deficits supports the theory that the defect of ADHD is due to the dysfunction of more than one brain region, including brain stem reticular formation and frontal lobe.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.57-66
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• 2022

The Road Management Administration is cracking down on overloaded vehicles by installing low-speed or high-speed WIMs at toll gates and main lines on expressways. However, in recent years, the act of intelligently evading the overloaded-vehicle control system of the Road Management Administration by illegally manipulating the variable axle of an overloaded truck is increasing. In this manipulation, when entering the overloaded-vehicle checkpoint, all axles of the vehicle are lowered to pass normally, and when driving on the main road, the variable axle of the vehicle is illegally lifted with the axle load exceeding 10 tons alarmingly. Therefore, this study developed a technology to detect the state of the variable axle of a truck driving on the road using roadside camera images. In particular, this technology formed the basis for cracking down on overloaded vehicles by lifting the variable axle after entering the checkpoint and linking the vehicle with the account information of the checkpoint. Fundamentally, in this study, the tires of the vehicle were recognized using the Mask RCNN algorithm, the recognized tires were virtually arranged before and after the checkpoint, and the height difference of the vehicle was measured from the arrangement to determine whether the variable axle was lifted after the vehicle left the checkpoint.