• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2011

Based on the work of Haylock (cf [Haylock, D. W. (1987). A framework for assessing mathematical creativity in schoolchildren. Educ. Stud. Math. 18(1),59-74]) a mathematical creativity test containing items of two categories overcoming fixation and divergent thinking has been developed for Bengali medium school students with sample size 262. The items measuring divergent thinking are found highly internally consistent and there is a significant correlation between overcoming fixation and divergent thinking. Study of the factorial validity of the test by Thursstone's centroid method gives satisfactory result. Validity coefficient of the test with teachers' rating, alpha reliability and test-retest reliability of the test are also found satisfactory.

• Hip & pelvis
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.202-209
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• 2018

Atypical femoral fractures differ from ordinary femoral diaphyseal or subtrochanteric fractures in several aspects. Although several authors have reported the results of surgical treatment for atypical femoral fractures, the rate of complications (e.g., delayed union, nonunion, fixation failure, and reoperation) is still high. Therefore, we reviewed principles of surgical treatment and describe useful methods for overcoming femoral bowing in these high-risk patients.

• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.233-236
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• 2014

In order to reduce jaw fracture accompanied by basal skull or nasal fracture, submental intubation could be generally performed. Albeit submental intubation has been widely accepted, it could develop complications such as nerve injury, glandular duct injury, and orocutaneous fistula. Here, we suggest oral intubation for overcoming complications and providing more stable surgical environment in emergency case. Under oral intubation maintaining in retromolar triangle and buccal corridor space, intermaxillary fixation was successfully underwent in 38-years-old female patient with Le Fort I fracture accompanied by pneumocephalus.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2015

Free or pedicled vascularized fibular grafts (VFG) are useful for the reconstruction of large skeletal defects, particularly in cases of scarred or avascular beds, or in patients with combined bone and soft tissue defects. Compared to non-VFG, VEG, which contains living osteocytes and osteoblasts, maintains its own viability and serves as good osteoconductive and osteoinductive graft. Due to its many structural and biological advantages, the free fibular osteo- or osteocutaneous graft is considered the most suitable autograft for the reconstruction of long bone defects in the injured extremity. The traditional indication of VFG is the long bone and soft tissue defect, which cannot be reconstructed using a conventional operative method. Recently, the indications have been widely expanded not only for defects of midtibia, humerus, forearm, distal femur, and proximal tibia, but also for the arthrodesis of shoulder and knee joints. Because of its potential to allow further bone growth, free fibular epiphyseal transfer can be used for the hip or for distal radius defects caused by the radical resection of a tumor. The basic anatomy and surgical techniques for harvesting the VFG are well known; however, the condition of the recipient site is different in each case. Therefore, careful preoperative surgical planning should be customized in every patient. In this review, recently expanded surgical indications of VFG and surgical tips based on the author's experiences in the issues of fixation method, one or two staged reconstruction, size mismatching, overcoming the stress fracture, and arthrodesis of shoulder and knee joint using VFG are discussed with the review of literature.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.429-449
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the mathematical creativity of middle school mathematical gifted students is represented through the process of problem posing activities. For this goal, they were asked to pose real-world problems similar to the tasks which had been solved together in advance. This study demonstrated that just 2 of 15 pupils showed mathematical giftedness as well as mathematical creativity. And selecting mathematically creative and gifted pupils through creative problem-solving test consisting of problem solving tasks should be conducted very carefully to prevent missing excellent candidates. A couple of pupils who have been exerting their efforts in getting private tutoring seemed not overcoming algorithmic fixation and showed negative attitude in finding new problems and divergent approaches or solutions, though they showed excellence in solving typical mathematics problems. Thus, we conclude that it is necessary to incorporate problem posing tasks as well as multiple solution tasks into both screening process of gifted pupils and mathematics gifted classes for effective assessing and fostering mathematical creativity.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2012

Carlos Jimenez's 'House and Studio' was self-designed to fully function as both a home and workplace. Since its establishment in 1983, the installation has been continuously updated for almost 30 years solely under the guidance of the owner's life occurrences and routine needs. The additions and alterations succeeding the building's erection were executed to incorporate small yet symbolic fragments of the resident's memories and life episodes. The particularity of the 'House and Studio' can be compared with other residential remodeling and expansion projects in regards to certain key aspects. These means of comparison include, but are not limited to, building strictly under the direction of a master plan of development vs. allowing natural adaptations that comply with the resident's needs, rapid development vs. gradual advancement, the ornamenting by exposing showy features vs. the enhancing by addition of modest natural components, sustainability vs. sustenance, systematic room divisions vs. ambiguous spatial organization, possession as a materialized asset vs. preservation as a recollection of memories, and finally the recognition as one example of signature architecture vs. the witnessing of a maturing animated shelter. The given propositions can be further explained with the comprehension of Erich Fromm's theory of the 'Having' mode and 'Being' mode, two mechanisms that categorize the essence of human life. The 'Having' mode is described by the human greed for wealth, power, and influence, whereas the 'Being' mode is comprised of compassion, joy, and productivity. Fromm's thesis applies to the general sense of human life, but the ideas can be narrowed to accommodate the architectural standpoint. In architecture, the 'Having' mode can be translated to be the conspicuous form-oriented and self-contained object. The 'Being' mode, on the other hand, is transposed as the more natural form, incorporating the needs of the owner before commercialization. The growth of Jimenez's 'House and Studio' can be perceived as an architectural suggestion to the overcoming of human indifference caused by fixation on the 'Having' mode.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2003

콩과식물의 염분 내성에 대한 질소원의 영향을 규명하기 위하여 4종 콩과식물을 선택하여 100 mM까지의 NaCl을 처리하였다. 염-민감성 종으로 알려진 대두와 팥은 염분 농도가 증가함에 따라 총 질소 함량이 점차 감소하는 반면, 아미노산 함량은 현저히 증가(100 mM NaCl 처리된 대두 무질소구의 경우 대조구의 4.7배)하여 높은 가용성/불용성 질소 비를 보였다. 대조적으로 염분 내성을 보이는 긴강남차와 자귀나무는 아미노산을 거의 함유하지 않았으며, 염 구배에 따라 총 질소 함량(특히 불용성 질소)이 점차 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 대두와 팥은 아미노산 중 asparagine (Asn)을 다량으로 함유하였으며, Asn은 이들 식물의 대표적인 질소의 수송 및 저장형태로서 염분 환경하에서 이들 식물의 세포질 내 삼투조절에 관여하는 것으로 생각된다. 염 환경에서 대두의 생장에 대한 질소원 및 농도의 영향은 5 mM NH₄NO₃-N 처리구에서 가장 높은 건물함량(10mM NaCl 처리구의 지상부건물함량의 경우 대조구의 약 1.5배)을 보였고, NH₄-N을 공급한 식물의 경우 질소를 공급하지 않은 대조구보다 생장이 저해되었으며, 처리 15일 이후 40과 80 mM NaCl 처리구에서 모두 고사하였다. 따라서 대두의 생장은 NH₄-N, 대조구, NO₃-N, NH₄NO₃-N의 순으로 질소공급량이 증가할수록 염에 대한 저항성이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.