• 통상정보연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.299-312
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• 2006

This study examines the relations among wage differentials, trade, and productivity in Korea, using the methodology of Granger causality and vector error correction modelling. Cointegration test results over the 1975-2004 period indicate that all the test variables are cointegrated. Therefore, wage differentials, trade, and productivity are all related in the long run. We found some evidence on long-run relationship, while there is no short-run relationship between three test variables. First, trade and wage differentials have positively and bi-directionally Granger causality in the long-run. Second, productivity Granger causes negatively wage differentials in the long-run. Finally, productivity Granger causes positively trade in the long-run. These results explain partially the current theoretical predictions for wage inequality as well as supports the productivity-led growth hypothesis in the Korean economy.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1991년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.57-60
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• 1991

A new approach to texture classification for ultrasound liver diagnosis using run difference matrix was developed. The run difference matrix consists of the gray level difference along with distance. From this run difference matrix, we defined several parameters such as LDE, LDEL, NUF, SMO, SMG, SHP etc. and three vectors namely DOD, DGD and DAD. Each parameter value calculated in fatty cirrhotic, chronic hepatitic and normal liver mage was plotted in two dimensional plane. We compared our results with run length method. There are several advantages of run difference matrix method over the run lengths. 1) It is more sensitive to small difference of gray level distribution. 2) The parameters provide more statistically significant value. Images were classified with the extracted parameters to each diseases using neural networks. In preliminary clinical exprements, this approach showed satisfying results.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Conference The Korean Society of Agricutural Engineers
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• pp.701-707
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• 1999

This study was initiated to collect background pollutant data for rural watersheds. The effluent/run-off polutant load and run-off ratio of the study areas were calculated and the two types of regression equations, L=a$.$Q+b and L=c$.$Qd where L and Q are the pollutant load(L) and discharge (Q), were derived. We acquired that the correlation coeffcients of the two types of regression equations were over than 90% except for BOD . Therefore, L-Q equations would be a measure to predict water quality of rural watersheds.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2004

This study analyzes the structure of the variations In the domestic bank earnings and examines their dynamic features by estimating the short-run response and the long-run adjustment Process after the changes in financial market variables. A system of the equations for the bank stock price index and KOSPI is formulated to utilize the whole information in the market and simultaneously estimated to identify the relationships between the market variables and the bank earnings. Since the bank stock price is found to be responsive to changes in none of the market variables in the short run, while being relatively responsive to dollar exchange rate and business state, It implies that a good economic conditions and a stable foreign exchange rate should be maintained to Improve the level of the stock price In the long run. In addition, the dynamic structure of the responses of the bank stock price index and KOSPI to the initial changes in the market variable are compared and anlayzed. The response of the bank stock price appears to take much longer in adjusting to the long-run eouilibrium level than that of KOSPI. As a result, the cumulative response of the bank stock price index over time is found much bigger than that of HOSPI.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.176-180
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• 1998

충남지역 농특산물인 밤 및 호도의 과육을 분말화하여 아이스크림 믹스의 원료로 1~5% 첨가하고 아이스크림을 제조한 후, over run, 제품의 조성분 및 관능검사를 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Over run의 측정에 있어서는 밤 분말 첨가의 경우 35.75~38.81%로서 41.18%인 control구에 비하여 낮게 나타나고 호도 첨가구에 있어서는 36.31~40.38%로서 control구에 비하여 낮았다. 2. 제품의 화학적 조성은 밤 분말을 첨가한 아이스크림의 경우 무지고형분과 단백질이 31.05~31.73%, 4.48~4.78%로서 control구에 비하여 높았고 호도 첨가구에 있어서는 지방량이 12.21~21.38%, 단백질량이 4.63~5.27%로서 control구에 비하여 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 3. 관능검사 결과 밤 첨가 아이스크림은 향취와 맛에 있어서 control구에 비하여 우수하였고 호도 첨가구는 향취에 있어서 통계적인 유의성이 인정되는 (0.05%) 우수성을 나타내었다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.55.1-55.1
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• 2017

HectoMAP is a dense redshift survey of red galaxies covering a 53 square degree strip of the northern sky, and Horizon Run 4 is one of the densest and largest cosmological simulations based on the standard Lambda cold dark matter model. We use HectoMAP and Horizon Run 4 to compare the physical properties of observed large-scale structures with simulated ones in the redshift range 0.22

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.533-542
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• 2020

This study estimates the nature of the relationship of entrepreneurship and business confidence on youth unemployment in the Philippines over the 2001-2017 period. The paper employed a range of cointegrating regression models, namely, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach, Johansen-Juselius (JJ) and Engle-Granger (EG) cointegration models, dynamic OLS, fully modified OLS, and canonical cointegrating regression (CCR) estimation techniques. The Granger causality based on error correction model (ECM) was also performed to determine the causal link of entrepreneurship and business confidence on youth unemployment. The ARDL bounds testing approach, Johansen-Juselius (JJ) and Engle-Granger (EG) cointegration models confirmed the existence of long-run equilibrium relationship of entrepreneurship and business confidence on youth unemployment. The long-run coefficients from JJ and dynamic OLS show significant long-run and positive relationship of entrepreneurship and business confidence on youth unemployment. While results of the long-run coefficients from fully modified OLS and canonical cointegrating regression (CCR) found that only entrepreneurship has significant and positive relationship with youth unemployment in the long-run. The Granger causality based on error correction model (ECM) estimates show evidence of long-run causal relationship of entrepreneurship and business confidence on youth unemployment. In the short-run, increases in entrepreneurship and business confidence causes youth unemployment to decrease.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2017

Environmental awareness and its relation to the development of economy has garnered increased attention in recent years. Researchers, over the years, have argued that sustainable development warrants for minimizing environmental degradation since one depends on the other. This study analyzes the relationship between environmental degradation (carbon emission taken as proxy for degradation), economic growth, total energy consumption and industrial production index growth in Bangladesh from year 1998 to 2013. This study uses Vector Autoregression (VAR) Model and variance decomposition of VAR to analyze the effect of these variables on carbon emission and vice-versa. The findings of VAR model suggest that industrial production and GDP per capita has significant relationship with carbon emission. Further analysis through variance decomposition shows carbon emission has consistent impact on industrial production over time, whereas, industrial production has high impact on emission in the short run which fades in the long run which is consistent with Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Carbon emission rising along with GDP per capita and at the same time having low impact in the long run on industrial index indicates there may be other sources of pollution introduced with the rise in income of the economy over time.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.621-627
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• 1999

용량 450 L의 음식물 쓰레기 퇴비화 장치를 설계하여, 유입공기량, 교반, 접종 조건에 변화를 주어 퇴비화 장치의 성능을 실험하였다. RUN 1은 1일 2회 5분간 교반하고, 유입공기량을 22.7 L/min로 고정하였다. RUN 2, 3에서는 지속적으로 교반하고, 유입공기량은 퇴비내부의 온도를 5$0^{\circ}C$ 이상 유지하고, 또 산소농도를 7 mol% 이하로 떨어지지 않도록 10 L/min, 15 L/min, 20 L/min으로 수시로 조절하였다. RUN 3는 접종효과를 보기 위하여 퇴비에 완성된 퇴비를 10 wt% 접종하여 RUN 1, 2와 비교하였다. 지속적으로 교반하고, 온도와 산소 농도에 따라 유입공기량을 조절한 RUN 2와 3에서 RUN 1보다 더 빠른 퇴비화가 이루어졌다 .그리고, $CO_2$농도와 휘발성 유기물 감소에서는 접종한 RUN 3가 RUN 1, 2보다 높았으나, C/N 비, pH 변화, 미생물 개체수에서는 뚜렷한 접종효과가 나타나지 않았다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.54-61
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• 1999

SBR process used to evaluate the removal of organics, nitrogen and phosphorus on the basis of a report of research on a precedence at various operation cycle and condition change. Effluent concentration of COD were 50mg/l, 50mg/l, 90mg/l respectively, The removal rates of COD were nearly over 95% at Run 1, 2 and 4. But at Run 3, Effluent concentration of COD was 255.0mg/l, The removal rate of COD was 87% at Run 3. As Oxic/Anoxic rate was fixed and operating cycle of Oxic/Anoxic was changed, the removal rates of T-N were 74.7%, 46.9%, 28.5%, 63.3% respectively at Run 1~4. The case of Run 1 was best result. The removal rates of T-P was appeared in proportion to T-N removal rates and rest of $NO_2-N$. The removal rates of T-P were 51.2%, 35.5%, 41.5%, 51.9% respectively. The removal rates of COD, T-N, T-P were influenced on the change of SBR operation cycle. As organic loading rate was $1.43kgCOD/m^3day$ and C/N ratio was 3.0, operation cycle of Run 1 was best condition of T-N removal rates and T-P removal.