• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.7
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• pp.101-109
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• 2011

The present research aims to suggest the design of a new direction that copes with the changing environment. For example, the design for outdoor wear can be made through various methods that allows it to be worn for anytime and anywhere. Also, the research aimed to seek a development direction of outdoor wear design with environment-friendly expanded function that handles unpredictable environmental changes. The analysis of this research is as follows. First, it can be said that the trend of the outdoor wear design according to climate and environment changes is a design that seeks an efficient and rational role in functional aspects such as complex multi-functionality and minimum decorations as well as enhancing economic efficiency. Second, the outdoor wear design provides the optimal climate for the human body even in a continuously changing artificial environment. Its easy and comfortable function also helps to keep defense from possible risk elements. Lastly, this research seeks interactions among design, the body and environment. It also tries shape change using buttons and zippers, etc. according to expansion of a structural form of clothes as multi-functionality and versatility tools, and seeks a design form that can be reconstructed. The research that geared toward environmental changes should be further progressed in order to produce apparel that have efficient adaptability of any climate situations.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.183-197
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• 2018

This study examined outdoor sports wear purchase behaviors among middle-aged male consumers based on outdoor sports wear shopping orientation. Data research was conducted on 300 internet users in their 40s and 50s located all parts of the country. The SPSS 24.0 software program was used to conduct data analyses such as descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, $x^2-test$, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan test as a post-hoc analysis. The results of this study were as follows: Firstly, outdoor sports wear shopping orientation was identified with fivefactors : the tendencies of wanting to show off a brand name, conservative purchasing, economical purchasing setting a high value on a salesperson, and impulse purchasing. Secondly, the middle-aged male consumers were classified in to three groups by the cluster analysis: a rational group, an indifferent shopping group, and pursuit brand shopping group. Thirdly, the evaluation criteria of products were significantly different depending on outdoor sports wear shopping orientation subdivision in all factors. Fourthly, in the case of fashion information sources regarding outdoor sportswear, significant differences were found according to shopping orientation subdivision in mass media/store source, personal source/ prior shopping experience. Fifthly, all types of stores were significantly different depending on shopping orientation subdivision except for large discount stores.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.151-166
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• 2015

This research aims to study the needs of the trail runners as trail running has become a popular outdoor activity, and give suggestions for high functional outdoor menswear design that can satisfy the needs of the highly demanding taste of runners. The design development is as follows: 1) The design had to be made of lightweight material and be easily packable in all situations, and 2) we also considered the ergonomic and compact fit for activity, 3) the functional location of high functional fabric, 4) the reflective use and layering system giving a wide range of outdoor workout time and 5) the trend in 2016 S/S active sports and outdoor wear. Based on the above elements, the men's outdoor wear design has been developed for trail running in spring and summer. The design development includes a total of 7 items. The design focused on lightweight, availability of packaging, "comfortability" and freshness in activity, functional suitability of location of highly functional materials and the layering system to protect body temperature under the changing environment. In particular, the layering system was implemented to provide ventilation, and it was done in body parts that released the most body heat. Therefore, mesh materials were actively used on the side panel, sleeves and center of the back piece for necessary sweat emission without any problems and ventilation for trail running.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2016

Despite both domestic and overseas markets are depressed due to the global financial crisis - the apparel industry is no exception, the market for the outdoor wears including the hiking ones has been recording a high growth rate, making the outdoor wear a high growth industry. The purpose of this study was to provide some basic data useful to our outdoor businesses to help them respond to consumers' needs in the rapidly growing outdoor markets. For silhouettes, the point was given primarily to the oblique cutting to have it follow the human body curves and thereby, look natural and slim. Another point was given to the color schemes along the cutting lines, so that an effect of optical illusion could be created to make the wears look slim making use of lines and colors. On the other hand, in consideration of the rapidly changing weather conditions during hiking, the details were designed practically by setting appropriate hip lengths, using attachable/detachable hoods as well as applying the Velcro & rubber band-type set-in sleeves for the tail edges. As discussed above, the researcher analyzed the design elements for the outdoor wears and developed some sensuous designs meeting consumers' needs to help our outdoor wear businesses to expand their target base, while awakening them of the importance of the outdoor fashion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.5
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• pp.62-73
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• 2015

The aim of this research is to propose the final shirt design modified for new senior women that fulfills their emotional and physical needs. The modifications were based on the results of in-depth interviews and literature search, and the study was conducted in order to understand the desires and preferences of senior women, as consumption of outdoor-wear by the group continues to increase. To develop the design of outdoor-wear that satisfies the physical and emotional qualities and preference of the new senior women, six different designs with lines, combined materials, as well as materials that were layered, pleated and draped were proposed using virtual-dressing simulation software. Then, the modified designs were derived from the six original designs by reflecting the opinions collected in the in-depth interviews with eleven women in their 50s. The responses in the interviewed showed a preference for lines, pleats and layers, as these features made the clothes look trendy, gave it a slender-look, and improved the body shape of the women. As the color is the critical factor for outdoor-wear, there was an overwhelming preference for primary colors by the women, which was in contrast to their color preference in general clothes. A sleeve design modification was proposed to convert the half-sleeves to 3/4-long sleeves in order to account for changes in body temperature at menopause, and to satisfy the aesthetic needs for covering wrinkles. Research of new senior outdoor-wear designs will help segment and differentiate strategies for the increasingly fierce competing outdoor market, as well as l provide directions in the design creation process using the simulation of 3D virtual model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.76-89
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• 2016

Because of consistent growth of the outdoor-wear market, many outdoor wear brands have implemented diverse marketing strategies to catch consumers' attentions. This research was started with a purpose of examining sponsorship marketing and its effects on outdoor-wear brands. Future research should be conducted by modifying and supplementing the points that were not considered in this study. The factors used to analyze the effects of sponsorship marketing on outdoor-wear brands were brand attitude and purchase intention, and the study used questionnaires collected from 396 men in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk Province. Analysis of the data was performed using factor analysis, independent sample t-test, ANOVA, and cluster analysis. The study result is as follows. First, there was no difference in sponsorship-marketing attitude, brand attitude, and purchase intention according to the level of information consistency. Second, there was a significant difference in sponsorship-marketing attitude, brand attitude, and purchase intention according to age, income, clothing expenditure, and spending for products. Third, there was no difference in sponsorship-marketing attitude, brand attitude, and purchase intention according to the shopping orientation group.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.659-672
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• 2013

Nowadays, sports and outdoor market has been popular and expanding since the implementation of the five-day workweek and change of lifestyle. Outdoor clothing considered exclusive property of the middle-aged individuals in the past. Recently there is a drift towards having outdoor looking at the age of 10-20. The purpose of this study was to analyze the features of purchasing behaviors and demographics by each groups targeting middle school and high school students. The study was conducted with questionnaires towards people who live in the city of Busan and who have experiences of buying outdoor clothing. Data analysis was conducted via SPSS 18.0 with factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, cross tabulation, frequency analysis and Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that there were five factors sought for outdoor wear benefits: Individuality/Fashion, Brand, Attractive appearance, Economic value, Comfort/Functional. Cluster analysis showed that there were four groups of outdoor wear benefits sought. Overall, the four groups were different in regard to purchasing behaviors and demographics. Based upon the results mentioned above, this study summarizes the key features of each group and can provide applicable suggestion for conducting strategic marketing activities.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.587-601
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• 2015

The purposes of this study were to segment outdoor wear market based on consumer knowledge and consumer demand for function/design development, and to examine the differences of demographic characteristics and purchase behavior among the segmented markets. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey. Respondents were adults aged over 20 and who have experiences of purchasing outdoor wear. The survey was made up of the questions on consumer knowledge to outdoor wear, consumer demand for product development, purchase behavior, and demographic characteristics. Frequency analysis, descriptive analysis and chi-squared test were used to conduct the data analysis on 454 questionnaires. The results of this study were as follows. It showed that the consumer knowledge was a little high and the consumer demands for function/design development were high. Six segmented markets based on consumer knowledge and consumer demand for function development were significantly different in terms of gender, income, purchase frequency and total item holdings. Also, six segmented markets based on consumer knowledge and consumer demand for design development were significantly different in terms of age, income, purchase frequency, purchase objective, purchase place and total item holdings. Compared to the segmented markets based on the consumer demands for product development, the gender was the key of the marketing strategies for the segmented markets by the consumer demand for function development while the age was the one in the markets by the consumer demand for design development. After considering all the results, the characteristics of the segmented markets were made out and the marketing strategies were established.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.1049-1059
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• 2011

This study investigates the current state of companies that manufacture and sell outdoor wear. A survey was conducted to identify what problems they had and what aspects they needed to supplement through a comparison and analysis of their block patterns. Companies that manufactured outdoor wear and those that sold them were separately surveyed to understand their current state. The manufactures included 4 companies and 14 sellers. The survey used interviews to cover the areas of target consumers, development patterns, production lines, body size, nominal size, production size, and functional materials for each item, and aspects that need improvement. The survey period was from September $3^{rd}$ to $10^{th}$ 2008. There were three block patterns for jackets, T-shirts, and pants. The investigator collected the patterns used by three outdoor clothing manu-facturers for comparison and assessment. As a result, the mean age of the target consumers set by the outdoor clothing manufacturers and sellers was 25.3-50.7 and 29.2-42.5, respectively, which shows that the outdoor clothing had a wider distribution of target consumers than the sellers. It is imperative for them to segment and differentiate the target consumers and concepts. The basic body measurements the companies used to draw the upper and lower garment patterns were the bust circumference for the upper garment patterns and the waist circumference for the lower garment patterns. The basic nominal size was 95 for the upper garment and 70 for the lower garment. Also analyzed were the block patterns according to the items to understand the pattern characteristics of each of the companies. There were a total of 35, 36, and 30 items for the jackets, T-shirts, and pants, respectively, to measure size. The items were then compared with one another in mean and standard deviation. The analysis indicate that the block patterns were not fit for women in their twenties or thirties to wear and required revisions in the length of the upper garment, the height of sleeve cap, bust circumference, hip length, and pant length.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.29-39
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• 2002

It was increased leisure hours by automation and computerization of industry. Many people spend on hours in enjoying leisure sports, and then. nowadays, Many women tend to prefer casual wear to formal suits. The purpose of this research was to design of outdoor-wear that improve the functional and aesthetic effects for clothing comfort. Total 4 design prototype consisting of jumper and slacks were developed for this research. Outdoor-wear design forced on armhole type of jumper and ease of the back crotch length of slacks to improve the functional and aesthetic effects. And Outdoor-wear design focused on color harmony to aesthetic effects. Ease amount and materials of jumper and slacks were controlled. Design A: Jumper was designed as dropped shoulder with set-in steeve and band collar, A break-away zipper to facilitate ventilation control were made the area of back of jumper and the area of outside seam line of slacks Color of jumper and slacks were olive green color. Ease amount of the crotch length of slacks pattern was constructed as 7% of total crotch length: Design B 4DM cut pattern were applied to the jumper and slacks pattern. A break-away zipper to facilitate ventilation control were made the area of back of jumper and the area of inside seam line of thigh. Color of jumper and slacks were grey and orange color. Ease amount of the crotch length of slacks pattern was constructed as 5% of total crotch length. Design C : Jumper was designed as the set in sleeve and hood. and A break- away zipper to facilitate ventilation control were made the ares of the armhole and elbow. Color of jumper and slacks were ivory and orange color. Ease amount of the crotch length of slacks pattern was constructed as 5% of total crotch length. Design D : Jumper was designed as raglan sleeve. Color of jumper and slacks were olive green color. Ease amount of the crotch length of slacks pattern was constructed as 5% of total crotch length. Total six females, ages 20-45, served as subjects for this research. Subjects have standard body type, generally, wearing 66 size of ready-to-wear clothing. The performance of the newly designed outdoor-wear was evaluated for their effectiveness in several aspects such as conditions of skin temperature, sensory evaluation of comfort during body movements, appearance and color harmony and aesthetic collar design. Design 3 was appeared to be the most positive in aesthetic evaluation and functional effects of design 2 of 4DM cut pattern was appeared to be beter than other designs.