• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.158-159
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• 2003

Fluoranthene, a common polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), exhibits phototoxicity which may affect aquatic organisms. The eventual goal of this study is to develop a biomarker used in monitoring abnormal behaviors of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) as a model organism caused by hazardous chemicals that are toxic and persistent in the ecosystem. In this study, we investigated neural toxicity of fluoranthene in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) which was correlated with its behaviors.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2001년도 춘계심포지움 및 학술발표회
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• pp.131-131
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• 2001

내분비계장애물질에 대한 검색기법의 하나로 수컷 어류의 교배행위 및 생식력에 대한 in vivo 연구를 시도하였다. 수컷 송사리(Oryzias latipes)에 대표적 에스트로젠인 17$\beta$-estradiol를 2 및 20 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L의 농도로 각 노출군당 5마리씩 14일간 노출시킨 후 각 군당 임의로 2마리씩 선택하여 Prostaglandin F2$\alpha$를 주사한 3마리의 정상 암컷 송사리와의 교배행위를 비디오 카메라를 이용하여 1시간 동안 녹화하여 분석하였다. (중략)

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.30-34
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• 1996

This study was performed to examine the availability of using medaka (Oryzias latipes) in teratological test. Medaka embryos were collected within 2 hours post-fertilization and cultured in petri dishes containing buffered saline until hatching. The embryos were treated with 0.56 mg/l chlorpyrifos-methyl and 10 mM methyl methanesulfonate at 20 stages (about 35 hours post-fertilization). Eleven developmental features were selected and observed from 33 stages (about 9 days post-fertilization). Scoring system was developed and applicated for the measurement of potential teratological effects by the test compound. Chlorpyrifos-methyl did not induce teratological effect in medaka embryos. However, we found teratological test using medaka embryo reduced the cost, labors, period and space of experiment significantly compared with teratological study using rodents. Above findings strongly suggest that medaka embryo can be used as a lab animal model for teratogenicity test instead of rodents.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.9-20
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• 1997

한국산 송사리 (Oryzias)속의 송사리 (O. latipes)와 대륙송사리(O. sinensis)의 집단 내 유전적 변이 및 종간 유연관계를 밝히고자 남한의 16개집단과 일본산 송사리(O. latipes) 1개 집단 등 총 17개 집단에 대한 isozyme 분석을 실시하였다. Isozyme 분석 결과 17개의 효소 및 비효소단백질에서 총 32개의 유전자를 검출한 결과, 전체 유전자중 Est-1과 Est-3 는 종 특유의 유전적 표식인자(genetic marker)였다. 송사리집단 중 진도집단의 유전적 변이 가 가장 낮았으며(Ho=0.011, He=0.043), 대륙송사리 서천집단의 유전적 변이가 가장 높았 다.(Ho=0.114, He=0.124). 한국산 송사리 11개 집단의 평균 유전적 변이 정도는 P=12.7%, Ho=0.029, He=0.042, 대륙송사리 5개 집단의 평균 유전적 변이정도는 P=26.3%, Ho=0.082, He=0.097로 각각 나타나 대륙송사리집단의 유전적 변이 정도가 송사리집단에 비해 약 2.5배 정도 높았고 일본산 송사리의 유전적 변이 정도는 P=15.6%, Ho=0.073, He=0.068로 나타났 다. 한국산 송사리와 일본산 송사리와의 유연관계는 S=0.761(D=0.243)로 나타나 유전적으로 뚜렷한 별개의 분류군으로 생각되며, 대륙송사리와 송사리간의 종간 유전적 근연치는 S=0.648(D=0.389)로 일반적인 척추동물의 종간 유전적 분화 수준을 나타냈다.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.50-50
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• 1999

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2005

This study was conducted to determine the endorcrine disruption effects of the several major pharmaceutical residues in water using adult Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Four frequently used pharmaceuticals including caffeine, ketoconazole, acetaminophen, and diltiazem were investigated for the vitellogenin(Vtg) induction in the medaka using Western blotting and ELISA. $17\beta$,-estradiol was used as a positive control. Vtg was qualified and quantified through Western blot and ELISA. Following SDS gel electrophoresis, the dominant protein band was identified to molecular weight approximately 205 kDa in whole body samples of vitellogenic female. With female medaka exposed to $17\beta,-estradiol$, no significant difference in total protein induction was noted. In contrast, three to five day exposure of male fish to $17\beta,-estradiol$ resulted in $63.07\%o$, increase of total protein comparing to that of control males (p<0.01). Vtg induction in male fish was observed with all the test pharmaceuticals: At concentrations greater than 1ppm of diltiazem, 2 ppm of caffeine, 4 ppm of acetaminophen, and 10 ppm of ketoconazole, Vtg induction was monotonously increased in a dose dependent manner. This study is one of the first reports suggesting potential endocrine disruption mechanism of common human pharmaceutical products in aquatic ecosystem. Although the effect concentrations obtained from this investigation are environmentally unrealistically high, endocrine disruption should be considered as one of the important consequences of pharmaceutical pollution in aquatic environment, and warrants due attention in future researches.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2006

There has been increasing concern in recent years about the occurrence, fate and toxicity of pharmaceutical products in aquatic environment. Although these compounds have been detected in a wide variety of environmental samples including sewage effluent, surface waters, ground water and drinking water, their concentrations generally range from the low ppt to ppb levels. It is therefore often thought to be unlikely that pharmaceuticals will have a detrimental effect on the environment. This study was conducted to determine the endocrine disruption effects of the several pharmaceutical residues in water using adult Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). The common antibiotics were used sulfa durgs (sulfamethoxazole and sulfamethazine) and tetracycline drugs (oxytetracycline and tetracycline). Positive control that was induced Vtg (vitellogenin) in male fish was used $17\beta$-estradiol. Vtg was qualified and quantified through Western blotting and ELISA. After SDS gel electrophoresis, the dominant protein band was identified to molecular weight approximately 205 kDa in whole body samples of vitellogenic female. In female medaka exposed to $17\beta$estradiol, there was no significant difference in total protein induction. In contrast, three to five day exposure of male fish to $17\beta$-estradiol resulted in more than 60.0% increase of total protein compared to that of control males (p<0.01). In case of antibiotics, female fish didn't show significant difference, but male fish was showed significant difference. In addition, Vtg induction in male fish was observed with all the test chemicals. On concentrations greater than 0.1 ppm of sulfamethoxazole, 1 ppm of sulfamethazine, 1 ppm of oxytetracycline and 20 ppm of tetracycline, Vtg induction was increased in a dose response manner. This study is one of the early reports suggesting potential endocrine disruption mechanism of antibiotic pharmaceutical products in aquatic ecosystem. Although the effect concentrations obtained from this study were high as unrealistically as in environments, it is endocrine disruption that we should be considered as one of the important consequences of pharmaceutical contamination at water environment, and warrants due attention in future researches.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.118-125
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• 1985

농약의 만성어독성을 평가하기 위한 노력의 일환으로 제초제인 butachlor에 대하여 송사리 (Oryzias latipes)을 대상으로 하여 90일간 아급성 어독성 실험을 실시하였고 또한 만성독성 평가를 위한 생물학적 검정어류로써 송사리의 타당성을 제고한 바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 송사리는 우리나라에서 고르게 분포하고 있는 소형 민물고기로써 시험기간중 대조군 등에서 산란 및 부화가 이루어져 풍부한 생물학적 자료와 함께 농약에 대한 만성 어독성 평가에 적합하다고 사료된다. 2) Butachlor의 0.16 ppm 처리군은 약간의 길이 성장감소와 산란된 수정란의 부화율이 감소되는 경향을 나타내었고, 0.04ppm과 0.01 ppm의 butachlor 처리군에서는 대조군과 비교할 때 별 다른 영향을 받지 않았음을 관찰할 수 있었다. 고로, butachlor는 송사리에서 0.04${\sim}$0. 16ppm의 MATC 값을 갖는 것으로 사료되며 또한 실험기간중 DO와 pH및 온도를 매일 측정한 결과 송사리에 영향을 주지 않았음이 입증되었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2003

DEHP는 대표적인 플라스틱 가소제 가운데 하나로서, 광범위하게 사용되고 있으며, 내분비계 장애물질로 분류퇴고 있다. 실제로 하천, 해양, 토양 등 광범위한 환경에서 검출되고 있지만, 이 물질이 수서 생물에 미치는 내분비교란 영향과 기작에 대해서는 거의 알려진 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 송사리로 불리우는 Oryzias latipes(Japanese medaka)와, 유생 시기에 저니성 무척추 동물로 존재하다가 성충이 되는 Chironomus riparius를 대상으로 DEHP가 내분비 장애물질로서 생식작용에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. 먼저, Japanese medaka를 부화 직후부터 3개월간 DEHP 1, 10, 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/l의 농도로 노출시킨 결과 암놈의 혈중 비텔로제닌의 감소 ,생식소 지수인 GSI(Gonado Somatic Index) 감소. 난자 발달 저해 등이 관찰되었다. 또한, C. riparius를 산란 직후부터 DEHP에 노출시킨 경우에는 성체 출현률, 암수 비율, 산란률에서는 용량-반응 관계를 가진 변화가 발견되지 않았으나, 산란된 알의 부화율은 DEHP에 노출된 경우 유의하게 감소하는 것이 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과를 종합하여 볼 때. DEHP는 O. latpes와 C. riparius 모두 생식 작용에 영향을 미치며, 그 작용 기작은 일반적으로 발견되는 에스트로젠(estrogen) 활성이 아닌 암놈의 생식기관의 발달을 직, 간접적으로 저해함으로서 정상적인 알의 생성을 방해하는 이른바 항-에스트로젠 기작을 보이는 것으로 추정된다. 본 연구에서는 DEHP 위해성 평가를 위한 기본 자료로서, 생식작용 영향에 대한 새로운 자료를 제시하였다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2002

A study on the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on sex differentiation and gonadal development in medaka, Oryzias latipes, was investigated by histological examination. The fish were exposed to aqueous solutions of BPA at nominal concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L from newly-hatched larvae stage to 70 d. The ovaries of female fish were composed of oocytes at the chromatin nucleolus and peri-nucleolus stages at 20 d after the exposure. The testes contained a number of spermatogonia and spermatocytes at 30 d. In the process of sex differentiation. gonadal development was not different in all experimental groups until 30 d after the exposure. At 70 d after the exposure, however, advanced development of oocytes in the ovary and inhibition of spermatogenesis in the testis were observed in the BPA-treated groups compared to the non-treated controls. More females than males were identified in the 50 and 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L BPA-treated groups, in comparison to the 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L BPA-treated group and non-treated controls. Medaka exposed to 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L BPA were bigger compared to other experimental groups. The present study suggests that BPA may lead to problems in either mating or sexual behavior due to the difference in growth and disparity of sexual maturation between male and female fish.