• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국약용작물학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.444-445
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• 2011

• 한국균학회지
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• 제24권2호통권77호
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• pp.93-103
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• 1996

오이 덩굴쪼김병에 효과 있는 새로운 토양첨가제의 조제와 방제효과를 구명코저 본 연구를 1993년부터 지난 2년간 수행하였다. 석회를 포함한 14종의 무기성분(1%, w/w)을 성분별로 공시하여 억제효과를 조사하였는데 특히 $Al_2(SO_4)_3$, Alum 및 CaO 등의 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum에 대한 포자발아 억제율은 72.8-97%였고 균사생장 억제율은 20.9-25%이었다. 한편 $Ca(NO_3)_2$는 균사생장에만, KCl, $K_2SO_4,\;NH_4NO_3$와 Urea는 포자발아에만 억제효과가 켰으며 그 억제율은 37.0-71.9%이었다. 결과적으로 7종의 무기성분이 선발되었다. 부숙소나무 수피등 2종의 유기물을 2, 5 및 10% 농도별로 공시한 결과 부숙소나무 수피는 알팔파 잎가루에 비하며 병원균의 포자발아나 균사신전 억제효과가 우수하였다. 소나무 수피와 무기성분(1%, w/w)을 혼합한 토양첨가제 처리토양에서 길항균(Tr-3)의 생장은 양호하였을 뿐만 아니라 병원군의 균사생장을 효과적으로 억제하였다. 그리고 길항세균(Pseudomonas sp.)여액에서의 병원균에 대한 길항력도 우수함이 확인되었다. 부숙 소나무수피와 알팔파 잎가루의 추출액배지에서의 균사생장 억제는 크지 않았으나 포자발아는 부숙 소나무수피액 처리에서 뚜렷하였고 농도에 따라 억제율이 90% 이상이었다. 무기성분과 부숙 소나무 수피가루 및 2종의 길항균을 토양에 혼합한 (1% w/w)구에서는 오이 덩굴쪼김병에 대한 방제효과가 폿트와 포장시험결과로 완벽함이 밝혀졌다. 따라서 토양 첨가제에 의한 오이 덩굴쪼김병의 생물학적 방제를 위하여 농가포장에서의 그 활용이 기대된다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.357-365
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• 2018

본 연구는 울산광역시 봉대산 산불 훼손 복원지를 대상으로 토양개량제 처리가 토양층에 매설된 wood stakes의 분해율과 유기 탄소 및 질소 동태에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 산불 훼손 복원지에 식재된 튤립나무, 상수리나무, 왕벚나무, 곰솔 조림지와 미복원지를 대상으로 2015년 3월 토양 0~15cm 깊이에 wood stakes를 매설한 후, 2년 동안 각 1회씩 토양개량제(CLB: 복합비료 + 석회 + 목탄 처리구; LB: 석회 + 목탄 처리구)를 처리하고, 2015년 10월, 2016년 3월, 2016년 10월 채취하여 분해율과 유기탄소 및 질소 농도를 조사하였다. Wood stakes 분해율의 경우 토양개량제 처리구와 대조구 사이에 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, 유기 탄소 잔존율의 경우 대조구(43.7%), CLB처리구(71.3%), LB처리구(71.6%) 순으로 토양개량제 처리구의 탄소 무기화가 대조구에 비해 낮게 나타났다. Wood stakes 내 질소 잔존율의 경우도 대조구가 29.7%로 LB처리구 52.6%에 비해 낮아 탄소 무기화율과 유사한 경향을 보였다. 본 연구결과에 따르면 산불 훼손 복원지에 토양개량제 처리는 wood stakes의 탄소 및 질소 무기화를 지연하는 것으로 나타났다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.596-606
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• 2021

Soil-borne diseases are the major problems in mono cropping. A mixture (designated LTM-m) composed of agricultural wastes and a beneficial microorganism Streptomyces saraceticus SS31 was used as soil amendments to evaluate its efficacy for managing Rhizoctonia solani and root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). In vitro antagonistic assays revealed that SS31 spore suspensions and culture broths effectively suppressed the growth of R. solani, reduced nematode egg hatching, and increased juvenile mortality. Assays using two Petri dishes revealed that LTM-m produced volatile compounds to inhibit the growth of R. solani and cause mortality to the root knot nematode eggs and juveniles. Pot and greenhouse tests showed that application of 0.08% LTM-m could achieve a great reduction of both diseases and significantly increase plant fresh weight. Greenhouse trials revealed that application of LTM-m could change soil properties, including soil pH value, electric conductivity, and soil organic matter. Our results indicate that application of LTM-m bio-organic amendments could effectively manage soil-borne pathogens.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2022

본 연구는 벼 재배 장기연용 시험포장에서 다른 특성의 토양개량제 사용이 벼(Oryza sativa) 생산량, 토양 가용성 탄소, 질소함량 및 탄소 저장량 변화에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 하였다. 본 시험에 사용된 처리구는 NPK 처리구, NPKS 처리구(NPK+규산), NPKL 처리구(NPK+생석회), NPKC 처리구(NPK+볏짚퇴비)를 장기연용 포장에서 선별하여 실험을 진행하였다. 1995년 처리구 간의 유의한 벼 수량 차이 없었으나, 2019년 NPKL, NPKC 처리구 벼 수량은 NPK 처리구보다 각각 4.3%와 14.3%씩 증수되었다. 2019년 NPKS와 NPKL 처리구의 토양 pH는 각각 6.7과 6.4였고, 시험 전 토양 pH (5.2)보다 증가하였다. 시험 전과 비교할 때, NPK, NPKS 및 NPKL 처리구의 토양 유기물 함량은 통계적으로 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았으나 NPKC는 1995년과 2019년에 각각 34 g/kg, 27 g/kg으로 증가하였다. 토양의 가용성 탄소 및 질소 함량은 2019년의 NPKS 및 NPKL 처리구에서 1.1에서 1.9배 가량 증가하였다. 이러한 결과를 종합하여 벼 재배시 토양개량제 사용은 재배전 토양검정을 통해 토양의 특성을 파악하여 사용하는 것이 생산량 증대와 더불어 농업환경을 고려한 토양관리방법이라고 판단된다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.197-202
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• 2003

Phosphorus is one of the major plant growth limiting nutrients, despite being abundant in soils in both inorganic and organic forms. Phosphobioinoculants in the form of microorganisms can help in increasing the availability of accumulated phosphates for plant growth by solubilization. Penicillium oxalicum CBPSTsa, isolated from paddy rhizosphere, was studied for its phosphate solubilization. The influence of various carbon sources like glucose, sucrose, mannitol and sorbitol and nitrogen sources like arginine, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride and ammonium sulphate were evaluated using liquid media with tricalcium phosphate (Ca-P), ferric phosphate (Fe-P) and aluminium phosphate (Al-P). Maximum soluble phosphate of 824 mg/L was found in the amendment of sucrose-sodium nitrate from 5 g/L of Ca-P. Mannitol, sorbitol, and ariginine were poor in phosphate solubilization. While sucrose was better carbon source in solubilization of Ca-P and Al-P, glucose fared better in solubilization of Fe-P. Though all the nitrogen sources enhanced P solubilization, nitrates were better than ammonium In the amendments of ammonium chloride and ammonium sulphate, higher uptake of available phosphates by the fungus was found, and this resulted in depletion of available P in Fe-P amendment Phosphate solubilization was accompanied by acidification of the media, and the highest pH decrease was observed in glucose amendment Among the nitrogen sources, ammonium chloride favored greater pH decrease.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2017

Cotton is the major fiber crop in Pakistan that accounts for 2% of total national gross domestic product (GDP). After picking of cotton, the dry stalks are major organic waste that has no fate except burning to cook food in villages. Present research focuses use of cotton stalks as feedstock for biochar production, its characterization and effects on soil characteristics. Dry cotton stalks collected from agricultural field of Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan were combusted under anaerobic conditions at $450^{\circ}C$. The physicochemical analysis of biochar and cotton stalks show higher values of % total carbon, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in biochar as compared to cotton stalks. The concentration of nitrogen was decreased in biochar. Similarly biochar had greater values of fixed carbon that suggest its role for carbon sequestration and as a soil amendment. The fourier transformation infrared spectroscopic spectra (FTIR) of cotton stalks and biochar exposed more acidic groups in biochar as compared to cotton stalks. The newly developed functional groups in biochar have vital role in increasing surface properties, cation exchange capacity, and water holding capacity, and are responsible for heavy metal remediation in contaminated soil. In a further test, results show increase in the water holding capacity and nutrient retention by a sandy soil amended with biochar. It is concluded that cotton stalks can be effectively used to prepare biochar.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2014

Due to limited supplies and expensive importing costs, it is a goal to replace overseas peat with local soil amendments in turf industry of Korea. The study was initiated to compare the performances of five domestic and imported organic soil amendments (OSAs) on establishment characteristics and to provide basic information for root zone composition on sports turf design and construction. The study was conducted in Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L., KB) under greenhouse conditions from March to June in 2008. A total of 25 treatments of OSA + sand were prepared. These amendments were Berger Peat (OMA), Eco-Peat (OMB), G1-Soil (OMC), Premier Peat (OMD), and Supersoil I (OME). Significant differences were observed in establishment vigor, seedling emergence, and top growth. Results varied depending upon the type of OSAs and their rates in rootzone mixtures. OMA reached over 70% in establishment vigor in 5 WAS (weeks after seeding). OMC produced a maximum vigor of approximately 60% in 6 WAS. The OME amendment, however, showed poor performance lower than 30% in establishing KB turf until 8 WAS. There were considerable variations of top growth, being 3.8 to 14.5 cm. Greater differences in top growth resulted from OME mixtures. Shoot growth orientation in KB is also influenced by OSAs. In general, optimum mixing rate was considered as 10 to 20% for establishment vigor and 20 to 40% for top growth. Considering overall responses to establishment vigor, seedling emergence, and shoot growth, both local OMC and overseas OMD are considered as the useful soil amendments applicable for sports turfs. Domestic OME amendment would be applied for a low maintenance turfs such as rough and utility areas due to greater shoot growth. Information on these amendments would be of practical use for sports turf design and construction. Repeated experiments and field performance test are required to evaluate these OSA effect on other major turfgrass species and also to determine local OSA as imported peat substitute.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2011

The effects of high polymer on the seedling survival were investigated in three major turfgrasses. Twelve treatments were used in the study with different rates of sand, soil organic amendment (SOA), and water-swelling polymer (WSP). Turfgrass seedling survival rate was evaluated in creeping bentgrass (CB), Kentucky bluegrass (KB), and zoysiagrass (Zoy) grown under greenhouse conditions. Significant differences were observed among the treatments. Seedling survival rates were variable in CB, KB, and Zoy according to mixing rates of SOA and WSP, being maximum 20.2% in differences. At 6 weeks after seeding, the survival rates ranged from 0.6 to 61.9% in CB, 4.2 to 75.3% in KB and 1.7 to 82.1% in Zoy. A pattern of seedling emergence varied with time among treatments influenced by WSP rates. A proper mixing rate of WSP is considered to be 5% for CB and 5 to 10% for KB and Zoy. In general, overall effect of WSP on seedling survival was clearly observed in the mixtures of sand 80% and SOA 20% in CB. The best result, however, was found from the mixture of sand 85% and SOA 15% in both KB and Zoy. When mixing sand with WSP, a proper rate of SOA is considered to be 20% for CB and 15 to 20% for KB, while 10 to 15% for Zoy. A further research is needed to investigate the effects of WSP on the turf quality in mixtures of sand, SOA, and WSP before a field application.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2018

In a previous study, the feasibility of four materials (bentonite, steelmaking slag, lime and organic compost) to induce soil aggregate formation was assessed and the mixtures of organic compost and lime were chosen as most effective amendments in terms of cost benefit. This work is a subsequent study to evaluate the effectiveness of those amendments in reducing soil loss in $15^{\circ}$ sloped agricultural area by using rainfall simulation test. Three different soils were treated with two conditions of organic compost/lime mixtures (2% + 2%, 3% + 1%, w/w). In the amended soils, soil fertility was increased due to the increase of CEC, T-N, and T-P. During the rainfall simulation, suspended solid in run-off water from amended soil were reduced by 43% ~ 78%. When the content of organic compost was higher than that of lime, reduction of soil loss was also increased by 67% ~ 78%. Sediment discharge was also decreased by 72% ~ 96% in the amended soil. Similar to the suspended solid analysis, higher organic compost content led to more reduction of soil discharging, which implies organic compost is more effective than lime in reducing soil loss. The overall result suggests that the mixtures of organic compost and lime could be used as amendment materials to reduce soil loss in sloped farmland.