• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.184-191
• /
• 1995

This study was designed to investigate the changes In chemical characteristics of traditional kochujang increase in fermentation time, whereas that of total sugar decreased rather rapidly during aging of meju. Amino nitrogen content of meju Increased sharply up to 40 days of fermentation and then decreased there after On the other hand, ammoniacle nitrogen content continued to increase with increasing aging time. Initially, maltose was the most abundant free sugar, but was later replaced by glucose or fructose as the fermentation proceeded. Among non-volatile organic acids, pyroglutamic acid was present at an appreciably other organic acids did not change considerably during fermentation. The total free amino acid content Increased up to 40th day of aging and then decreased thereafter The was the most abundant amino acid followed in decreasing order by Try and Glu in meju fermented for 40 days.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제41권9호
• /
• pp.471-482
• /
• 1997

기체크로마토그래피/질량분석법(GC/MS)을 이용하여 소변 내에 존재하는 유기산들을 동시에 분리 정량분석할 수 있는 최적의 분석조건을 확립하기 위해 액체-액체추출법을 이용하여 분리하였고 이 때 pH의 영향 및 역추출방법과 그리고 옥심화 과정 첨가의 효과를 알아보았다. 그 결과 옥심화 과정 없이 pH가 0.5일 때 회수율이 좋았고 RSD값은 0.3-12.4%로 가장 적었다. 역추출과정을 통하여 방해물질이 제거되어 15-16분대의 머무름 값을 갖는 몇가지 유기산 검출이 확실시 되었다. 이를 토대로 51종의 유기산들에 대한 검량곡선을 작성하여 한국 정상어린이(n=16) 요시료 중의 유기산 함량분포를 얻었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제42권3호
• /
• pp.215-223
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of diets supplemented with different levels (0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5%) of yuza (Citrus junas Sieb ex Tanaka) on nutritional composition of olive flounder. Four groups of fish (242.2$\pm$14.2 g) were fed to apparent satiation twice daily for 4 months. There were no significant differences in proximate composition among the treatment groups (P<0.05). Vitamin C content in flounder muscle was higher in the yuza-added groups than in the control group, and the content among the treatment groups increased as amount of yuza added to diets increased (P<0.05). Of the eight organic acids in flounder muscle, lactic acid was predominant, followed by oxalic acid, succinic-acid, tartaric acid, and acetic acid. Flounders fed 2.5% yuza diet had the highest lactic acid content of all treatments. Four sugars were found in all groups and glucose was the major sugar. Glucose and ribose were detected as the highest sugars in the 2.5% treatment, while maltose and galactose were the dominant sugars in the 5.0% treatment. The abundant fatty acids in fed flounders were 22:6n-3 (DHA), 16:0, and l8:1n-9, which were composed of over 60% of total fatty acids. The control and the 7.5% treatment group had higher 22:6n-3 (DHA) content than the other groups. Major amino acids in samples were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, leucine, valine, arginine, and alanine. The 2.5% yuza treatment had the highest content of total amino acids and essential amino acids. There were little differences in the free amino acid compositions among the treatments. However, taurine was the predominant amino acid and made up over 47% of total free amino acids. The 2.5% added yuza group contained higher amount of sweet amino acids such as alanine, serine, proline, glycine than the other groups. The addition of yuza to diet of olive flounder had no or little effect on the nutritional components of olive flounder except for vitamin C. However, the 2.5% yuza added group had the highest nutritional values of the treatment groups.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.72-78
• /
• 1997

패류 건제품중에 생성되는 향기성분의 주요한 전구체로 알려져 있는 환원당, 유기산 및 지방산의 거동을 살펴보기 위하여 홍합, 바지락 및 굴의 건제품 가공중의 성분조성과 함량의 변화를 조사하였다. 유리환원당의 함량은 자숙후에 큰 감소를 보였으며 홍합과 바지락의 경우에는 건조후에도 크게 감소하였다. 홍합, 바지락 및 굴 에서는 각각 8종의 유기산이 분석되었는데 함량이 높은 유기산은 succinic acid로써 총유기산량의 $74.9\%,\;67.4\%,\;38.4\%$를 차지하였고 특히 굴에서는 pyroglutamic acid의 함량이 $41.6\%$로써 가장높았다. 천일건조 및 열풍건조 후에는 succinic acid 이외의 다른 유기산들의 함량은 급격히 감소하였는데, 굴의 건제품에서는 $53.0\%$와 $44.2\%$의 큰 감소를 보인 반면 바지락의 건제품에서는 $29.0\%$와 $10.0\%$로써 비교적 감소량이 적었다. 지질 성분의 분석결과에서는 극성지질의 함량이 총지질함량의 $59.1\%,\;66.7\%,\;42.4\%$의 높은 값을 보였으며 주요 구성지방산은 C16 : 0, C16 : 1, C20 : 5, C22 : 6등이었고 폴리엔산이 각각 $40.51\%,\;48.6\%,\;48.77\%$의 높은 조성비를 나타내었다. 각 시료의 자건제품의 과산화물가는 $41.64\~86.80\;meq/kg$으로써 비교적 높았고 카아보닐가는 $15.55\~27.99\;meq/kg$으로써 났았으나 배건제품중의 카아보닐가는 $127.6\~136.5\;meq/kg$의 높은 값을 나타내었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제27권11호
• /
• pp.1600-1607
• /
• 2014

A total of 120 finishing pigs ([Yorkshire${\times}$Landrace]${\times}$Duroc) with an average body weight (BW) of $49.72{\pm}1.72kg$ were used in 12-wk trial to evaluate the effects of protected organic acids on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal micro flora, meat quality and fecal gas emission. Pigs were randomly allotted to one of three dietary treatments (10 replication pens with 4 pigs per pen) in a randomly complete block design based on their initial BW. Each dietary treatment consisted of: Control (CON/basal diet), OA1 (basal diet+0.1% organic acids) and OA2 (basal diet+0.2% organic acids). Dietary treatment with protected organic acid blends linearly improved (p<0.001) average daily gain during 0 to 6 week, 6 to 12 week as well as overall with the increase in their inclusion level in the diet. The dry matter, N, and energy digestibility was higher (linear effect, p<0.001) with the increase in the dose of protected organic acid blends during 12 week. During week 6, a decrease (linear effect, p = 0.01) in fecal ammonia contents was observed with the increase in the level of protected organic acid blends on d 3 and d 5 of fermentation. Moreover, acetic acid emission decreased linearly (p = 0.02) on d7 of fermentation with the increase in the level of protected organic acid blends. During 12 weeks, linear decrease (p<0.001) in fecal ammonia on d 3 and d 5 and acetic acid content on d 5 of fermentation was observed with the increase in the level of protected organic acid blends. Supplementation of protected organic acid blends linearly increased the longissimus muscle area with the increasing concentration of organic acids. Moreover, color of meat increased (linear effect, quadratic effect, p<0.001, p<0.002 respectively) and firmness of meat showed quadratic effect (p = 0.003) with the inclusion of increasing level of protected organic acid in the diet. During the 6 week, increment in the level of protected organic acid blends decreased (linear effect, p = 0.01) Escherichia coli (E. coli) counts and increased (linear effect, p = 0.004) Lactobacillus counts. During 12-wk of experimental trial, feces from pigs fed diet supplemented with organic acid blends showed linear reduction (p<0.001) of E. coli counts and the tendency of linear increase (p = 0.06) in Lactobacillus count with the increase in the level of organic acid blends. In conclusion, 0.2% protected organic acids blends positively affected growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal gas emission and meat quality in finishing pigs without any adverse effects on blood parameters.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.294-301
• /
• 1997

향신료(香辛料) 및 고소득 작물로 개발가능성이 있는 고추냉이의 번식방법(繁殖方法)에 따른 성분(成分)을 비교(比較)하여 고추냉이 품질평가 및 우수 품종육성의 기초자료(基礎資料)로 제공(提供)하고자 지폐산(脂肺酸), 아미노산 및 유기산 함양(有機酸 含量) 및 조성(組成)을 조사한 결과(結果)를 (요약)要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 총지방산 함량 및 지방산조성은 번식방법간에 차이가 없었으나 잎의 지방산함량이 다른 부위보다 높았고, 지방산조성은 부위와 관계없이 linolenic acid 함량이 가장 높았고 그 다음이 Palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid순이었으며 그 외에 lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, arachidonic acid 소량 함유되어 있었다. 2. 총아미노산 함량은 번식방법 비슷하였으나 부위별로는 잎, 근경, 줄기, 화경순으로 높았고, 아미노산조성은 번식방법에 관계없이 각 부위 모두 glutamic acid $(331{\sim}1568mg)$, asparatic acid $(346{\sim}1380mg)$, arginine $(84{\sim}724mg)$, leucine $(49{\sim}1264mg)$의 함량이 많았다. 3. 유기산 조성은 번식방법에 관계없이 비슷하였며 부위에 관계없이 acetic acid $(60.0{\sim}78.2)$가 가장 함량이 많았고 그 다음은 succinic acid $(9.9{\sim}32.0)$, malic acid $(2.9{\sim}7.9%)$로 함량이 많았다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.279-286
• /
• 1997

The effect of drying temperature (30, 40, 50, 60$^{\circ}C$) on chemical components of Shiitake mushroom(Lentinus edodss) was investigate. When compared proximate composition on pileus and stipe of raw and dried materials, all of them were found to be higher in the stipe part than in the pileus part. The major components of organic acid were oxalic, citric, malic, malonic and pyroglutaric acid. The contents of free and total amino acids in pileus and stipe were 3458.4, 7640.2mg% for pilueus; 2298.0, 6171.5mg% for stipe on dry basis, respectively. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the changes of crude ash and organic acids content of Shiitake mushroom among drying temperatures. But the amount of crude fats was increased and that of reducing sugars was decreased with increase of drying temperature. The contents of crude proteins of pileus part of dried materials were increased with increased drying temperature, but those of stile part were gradually decreased. The contents of free amino acids decreased with increase in drying temperature, but those of total amino acids were gradually increased.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.235-242
• /
• 2001

Chemical properties of the different parts of watercress(Oenanthe javanica D.C.) grown and harvested from the culture fields under different cultivating methods were studied. In proximate analyses of watercress in parts, moisture contained more in stem than in root or in leaf, but crude protein and crude lipid contents were lower in stem than in root or in leaf. Crude ash in root contained up to about double amount in leaf or stem. Major mineral elements detected in watercress were Fe, Mg, Ca, and K, and their contents in root was higher than those in stem or leaf. Especially, Fe in root was significantly higher than that in stem or in leaf. Total free sugar composed mainly with fructose and glucose, was the highest in watercress from Hwasoon and followed the watercress from Jeonju and Donggok in order. Free sugar content was highest in leaf and the lowest in root. Major water-soluble vitamins were vitamin C, thiamin and biotin and the content of vitamin C was higher than others. These vitamins contained more in leaf than in stem or root. Niacin contained 6.09 mg/100 g in leaf of watercress from Hwasoon, which was much higher than others, but it was not detected in stem of watercress from Jeonju. Organic acids detected were oxalic acid, citric acid and malic acid and other 12 organic acids were not detected. In fatty acid composition, there were significant differences among watercresses from different parts and different culture fields. Linoleic acid, linolenic acid and palmitic acid were major fatty acids contained in watercress and it took about 80% of the total content. Amino acid content in leaf was higher than that in root and in stem. Glutamic acid and proline were major amino acids in stem of watercress from Jeonju and in stem of watercresses from Hwasoon and Donggok, respectively. In leaves of all three watercresses glutamic acid content was the highest.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 1988

Oriental tobacco (KA 101) was transplanted from Mar. 25 to May 5 with 10 days interval in 1984 and 1985, and its agronomic characteristics, chemical properties ware compared to determine the Proper transplanting time of aromatic tobacco In Korea. As the transplanting was delayed, days to flowering of plant was shortened, length and width of largest leaf, leaf area index tended to decrease. Yield was highest for the Apr. 5th transplanting followed by Mar. 25th planting, then decreased as the planting date was delayed. Quality by price decreased as the transplanting was delayed later than Apr. 25. Delaying transplanting increased nicotine, total nitrogen and ash content, but decreased reducing sugar and petroleum ether extract of cured leaves, The content of volatile organic acids such as 3-methyl pentanoic acid was lower when it was transplanted later than Apr. 25th. Neophytadiene content increased as the transplanting was delayed, but there were no trends with the content of alcohols, aldehydes esters and ketones. Several quality indices including the ratio between the content of volatile organic acids plus petroleum ether extract and ash content plus pH was higher for the Apr. 5th transplanting.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.774-778
• /
• 1996

건조온도(40, 50 and $60^{\circ}C),$ 저장온도(4 and $20^{\circ}C)$ 및 저장기간(0,1,2,4months)에 따른 홍합과 바지락의 유기산 함량의 변화는 다음과 같았다. 두 시료 모두 8종의 유기산을 분석하였으며, 홍합에서는 succinic acid의 함량이 410.9mg%로 전체 유기산의 90% 이상을 차지하였으며, malic acid가 41.2, pyroglutamic acid가 11.6, lactic acid가 11.4mg%의 순으로 많았으며, 바지락에서는 succinic acid가 96.5mg%로 가장 많았으며 lactic acid가 61.9, pyroglutamic acid가 59.8, malic acid가 21.7mg%로 많았다. 건조에 의하여 유기산의 함량이 전체적으로 감소하였으며 건조온도가 높을수록 함량 감소가 더 크게 나타났다. 그리고 저장온도가 높을수록, 저장기간이 길수록 함량 감소율이 더 크게 나타났다.