• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• 제33권50호
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• pp.326.1-326.10
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• 2018

Background: This retrospective study analyzed the causes of failure in the management process from the identification of brain-dead potential organ donors to actual donation in Korea over the past 5 years. Methods: Data of 8,120 potential brain deaths reported to the Korea Organ Donation Agency were used, including information received at the time of reporting, donation suitability evaluation performed by the coordinator after the report, and data obtained from interviews of hospital medical staff and the donor's family. Results: From January 2012 to December 2016, the total number of brain-dead potential organ donors in Korea was 8,120, of which 2,348 (28.9%) underwent organ procurement surgery with designated recipients. While the number of transplant donors has increased over time, the ratio of transplant donors to medically suitable brain-dead donors has decreased. The common causes of donation failure included donation refusal (27.6%), non-brain death (15.5%), and incompatible donation (11.6%); 104 potential donors (7.8%) were unable to donate their organs because they were not pronounced brain dead. Conclusion: The rate of successful organ donation may be increased by analyzing the major causes of failure in the brain-dead organ donation management process and engaging in various efforts to prevent such failures.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.50-64
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• 2024

Background: The reference dose coefficients (DCs) of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) have been widely used to estimate organ doses of individuals for risk assessments. This approach has been well accepted because individual anatomy data are usually unavailable, although dosimetric uncertainty exists due to the anatomical difference between the reference phantoms and the individuals. We attempted to quantify the individual variation of organ doses for photon external exposures by calculating and comparing organ DCs for 30 individuals against the ICRP reference DCs. Materials and Methods: We acquired computed tomography images from 30 patients in which eight organs (brain, breasts, liver, lungs, skeleton, skin, stomach, and urinary bladder) were segmented using the ImageJ software to create voxel phantoms. The phantoms were implemented into the Monte Carlo N-Particle 6 (MCNP6) code and then irradiated by broad parallel photon beams (10 keV to 10 MeV) at four directions (antero-posterior, postero-anterior, left-lateral, right-lateral) to calculate organ DCs. Results and Discussion: There was significant variation in organ doses due to the difference in anatomy among the individuals, especially in the kilovoltage region (e.g., <100 keV). For example, the red bone marrow doses at 0.01 MeV varied from 3 to 7 orders of the magnitude depending on the irradiation geometry. In contrast, in the megavoltage region (1-10 MeV), the individual variation of the organ doses was found to be negligibly small (differences <10%). It was also interesting to observe that the organ doses of the ICRP reference phantoms showed good agreement with the mean values of the organ doses among the patients in many cases. Conclusion: The results of this study would be informative to improve insights in individual-specific dosimetry. It should be extended to further studies in terms of many different aspects (e.g., other particles such as neutrons, other exposures such as internal exposures, and a larger number of individuals/patients) in the future.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.341-350
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• 2011

본 연구는 부산시민을 대상으로 장기기증에 관련된 요인을 분석하여 장기기증에 관한 기초자료를 제공하고 나아가 본 조사로 인하여 장기기증에 관한 국민의식을 제고할 목적으로 시도되었다. 자료수집기간은 2009년 7월 14일부터 8월 31까지 47일 동안이었다. 자료의 수집방법은 설문조사로 총 2,200부를 배부하여 2,042부를 최종분석 자료로 사용하였다. 자료 분석을 위해 한글 SPSS 17.0을 사용 하였으며, 대상자의 인구사회학적인 특성은 빈도분석을 실시하였다. 대상자의 장기기증에 대한 태도는 요인분석 후 T-test 와 ANOVA 분석을 하였고, 장기기증의사에 영향을 미치는 인구사회학적 특성을 파악하기 위하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대상자 중 장기기증에 대하여 들은 경험이 있는 경우는 71.6%이었다. 둘째, 인구사회학적 특성이 장기기증의사에 미치는 영향요인으로는 성별, 본인이나 가족의 만성병 또는 불치병여부, 종교, 수용적태도요인, 배타적태도요인 그리고 권유적태도요인이었다. 이상의 결과에서 장기기증에 대한 국민들의 인식도를 높이고 사회적 공감대를 형성하기 위해서는 무엇보다도 방송과 같은 대중적인 매스미디어를 통한 지속적인 대국민 홍보활동이 중요하며, 이러한 노력을 통하여 장기기증에 대한 인식의 전환을 유도하여야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.163-169
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• 2005

Recent reports suggest that floral organs such as sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels are specified by quaternary MADS protein complexes with different combinations. The formation of quaternary complexes of ABCDE MADS proteins may be the molecular basis of ABCDE model for the floral organ development. The MADS complexes involved in each floral organ development seem to be conserved in at least dicot species although detailed molecular mechanism is slightly different depending on species. Even in monocot, at least rice, MADS complexes similar to those in dicot exist, suggesting that the floral organ specification by MADS protein complexes may be conserved in most of plants. The MADS protein complexes may have more specific recognition of target genes or more transcription activation ability than monomers or dimers, resulting in finely regulated floral organ development.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.170-181
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• 2017

이 연구는 다양한 연령층의 개인적 특성과 가치요인에 기반한 공중에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 보다 설득력 있는 장기기증 캠페인을 수행해나가는데 시사점을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이에 20대에서 60대 이상에 이르는 공중들을 대상으로 개인적 특성 및 가치요인 (장기기증 태도, 장기기증 지식, 자기효능감, 내세관, 연명치료 중단에 대한 태도)이 장기기증 의도에 미치는 영향력을 검증했다. 성별, 연령, 종교 등 개인의 행동의도에 영향을 미칠 것으로 예측되는 인구통계학적 변수를 포함시켰으며, 가치요인으로는 연명치료 중단에 대한 태도와 내세관을 설정하여 장기기증 의도에 영향을 미치는 추가적인 잠재요인들을 밝히려 했다. 연구결과, 장기기증에 대한 태도, 장기기증 지식, 자기효능감, 연명치료 중단에 대한 태도가 장기기증 의도에 유의미한 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.802-811
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test and validate a model to predict living and brain death organ donation intention in nursing students. The conceptual model was based on the theory planned behavior. Methods: Quota sampling methodology was used to recruit 921 nursing students from all over the country and data collection was done from October 1 to December 20, 2013. Results: The model fit indices for the hypothetical model were suitable for the recommended level. Knowledge, attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control explained 40.2% and 40.1% respectively for both living and brain death organ donation intention. Subjective norm was the most direct influential factor for organ donation intention. Knowledge had significant direct effect on attitude and indirect effect on subjective norm and perceived behavioral control. These effects were higher in brain death organ donation intention than in living donation intention. Conclusion: The overall findings of this study suggest the need to develop systematic education programs to increases knowledge about brain death organ donation. The development, application, and evaluation of intervention programs are required to improve subjective norm.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.328-332
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• 2018

Background: Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) can be applied in brain-dead donors for organ perfusion before donation, thereby expanding the donor pool. The aim of this study was to examine the benefits and early clinical outcomes of ECLS for organ preservation. Methods: Between June 2012 and April 2017, 9 patients received ECLS with therapeutic intent or for organ preservation. The following data were collected: demographics, purpose and duration of ECLS, cause of death, dose of vasoactive drugs, and need for temporary dialysis before organ retrieval. The early clinical outcomes of recipients were studied, as well as survival and graft function at 1 month. Results: ECLS was initiated for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in 5 patients. The other patients needed ECLS due to hemodynamic deterioration during the assessment of brain death. We successfully retrieved 18 kidneys, 7 livers, and 1 heart from 9 donors. All organs were transplanted and none were discarded. Only 1 case of delayed kidney graft function was noted, and all 26 recipients were discharged without any significant complications. Conclusion: The benefits of protecting the vital organs of donors is significant, and ECLS for organ preservation can be widely used in the transplantation field.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the factors that influence the psychosocial adjustment of organ transplant recipients. Methods: Participants were 132 organ transplant recipients who received follow-up more than 3 months after the organ transplantation at one general hospital in Seoul. A questionnaire survey was done from November 3 to December 3, 2015. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Family support, medical staff support and hope were significantly correlated with psychosocial adjustment. In the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, hope appeared to be the most important factor influencing psychosocial adjustment (${\beta}=.39$, p<.001). Conclusion: The findings show that hope had an influence on the psychosocial adjustment of organ transplant recipients. Thus, to improve psychosocial adjustment it is important for nurses to develop interventions to increase hope in organ transplant recipients.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.668-674
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analysis of the effect of proprioceptor training and vestibular organ training for balance ability. The subjects was consist of two different subjects group, proprioceptor training group and vestibular organ training group. Proprioceptor training group consisted of 10 subjects and vestibular organ training group consisted of 10 subjects. Training was performed 3 times per week, 30 minutes per day, for 3 weeks. Balance ability analysis was performed using Romberg's one leg standing test and BT4 when opened eyes and closed eyes. The analysis results were as follows. There was no significant differences in balance after the training in both groups when they opened their eyes(p<.05). But there was significant differences in balance after the training in both groups when they closed their eyes(p<.05). And there was no significant difference in balance after the training between the proprioceptor training group and the vestibular organ training group when they closed their eyes(p<.05). Given the above results, proprioceptor training and vestibular organ training enhanced balance but there was no significant difference between the two methods.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.55-67
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was to evaluate the effect of Palmijihwang-whan (PMJHW) aqueous extract in the regulation of hypothyroidism related reproductive organ damages in propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced rat model. Methods: PMJHW aqueous extract (yield=17.90%) were administered, once a day for 42 days from 2 weeks before start of PTU treatment as oral doses of 500, 250, and 125 mg/kg (body weight), and hypothyroidism was induced by daily subcutaneous treatment of PTU 10 mg/kg for 28 days. Results: PTU-induced hypothyroidism and related male reproductive organ damages-atrophic changes of testis, epididymis and prostate, were favorably and dose-dependently inhibited by treatment of PMJHW 500, 250, and 125 mg/kg. They also effectively regulated the PTU-induced abnormal antioxidant defense system changes in the testis. Although levothyroxine also favorably inhibited PTU-induced hypothyroidism, it deteriorated the hypothyroidism related male reproductive organ damages through testicular oxidative damages. The results suggest that oral administration of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg of PMJHW has favorable effects on the hypothyroidism and related reproductive organ damages through augmentation of antioxidant defense system in the testis. Conclusions: This study suggest that PMJHW may be help to ameliorate the hypothyroidism and related organ damages in clinics.