• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2016

The two main forms of myositis ossificans are congenital and acquired. Either form is rare in the head and neck region. The acquired form is often due to trauma, with bullying as a fairly common cause. This report of myositis ossificans of the platysma in an 11-year-old female patient emphasizes the need for a high index of suspicion in unexplainable facial swellings in children and the benefit of modern investigative modalities in their management.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.49-52
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• 2023

Osteoblastoma is a rare benign neoplasm formed by osteoid tissue and well-vascularized bone that occurs mainly in children and adolescents. It appears primarily in the long bones, vertebral column, and small bones of the hands and feet, and not typically in the skull and maxillary bones. The purpose of this study is to present the case of an 8-year-old girl with a diagnosis of right mandibular osteoblastoma and a review of the relevant literature. The goals of treatment were to preserve dental occlusion, masticatory function and facial symmetry while minimizing the effects on patient body image and quality of life. Osteoblastoma, although it is benign, can be aggressive, and its treatment will depend on the timing of diagnosis, size and location. Early diagnosis is essential to avoid not only radical surgery as in the case presented, but also to help minimize the risk of possible relapse and potential malignancy of a benign osteoblastoma.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1327-1330
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• 2015

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common cancer in the oral area. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and especially MMP-2 and MMP-9 are increased in malignancy and lymph node involvement in oral SCCs. We aimed to evaluate the serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with oral SCC compared to normal subjects and their relation with clinicopathological findings. Materials and Methods: In this case control study, 20 patients with oral SCC and 20 healthy subjects were included and serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were compared between groups. Also, the correlation between these markers with clinicopathological findings including grade (T) and node (N) were evaluated. Results: Patients with oral SCC had significantly higher serum levels of MMP-2 (p=0.01) and MMP-9 (p<0.001) compared to healthy subjects. With increase in grade T, MMP-2 was significantly increased (p=0.001), but in the MMP-9 case this was not significant (p=0.27). The levels of MMP-2 (p=0.002) and MMP-9 (p=0.01) in cases with lymph node involvement and that of MMP-2 in subjects with smoking history (p=0.001) were significantly high. There was significantly positive correlation between MMP-2 with grade T tumor (r=0.598, p=0.005), lymph node involvement (r=0.737, p<0.001) and smoking (r=0.674, p=0.001) and also between MMP-9 and lymph node involvement (r=0.474, p=0.03). Conclusions: Both markers are significantly increased in oral SCC compared to healthy subjects. However, MMP-2 was better for evaluating lymph node involvement and tumor grade.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.468-473
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• 2005

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide. The molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of these carcinomas are not well known. Abnormalities of genomic methylation patterns have been attributed a role in carcinogenesis and local de novo methylation at tumor suppressor loci was held to be involved in silencing of tumor suppressor genes. Using Ms APPCR, we previously isolated a hypermethylated fragment corresponded to the 5' end of TPEF gene from primary liver and lung cancer cells. To confirm the inactivation of TPEF gene by hypermethylation in HNSCC, we investigated correlation between methylation pattern and expression of TPEF in 10 HNSCC cell lines. In methylation analysis such as combined-bisulfite restriction analysis(COBRA) and bisulfite sequencing, only RPMI 2650 showed none methylated pattern and another 9 cell lines showed dense methylation. The TPEF gene expression level analysis using RT-PCR showed that these 9 cell lines had not or significantly low expression levels of TPEF as compared with RPMI 2650. In addition, the increase of TPEF reexpression by 5-AzaC as demethylating agent in 9 cell lines also indicated that TPEF expression was regulated by hypermethylation. These results of this study demonstrate that epigenetic silencing of TPEF gene by aberrant methylation could play an important role in HNSCC carcinogenesis.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.27.1-27.13
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• 2022

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent head and neck malignancy, with frequent cervical lymph-node metastasis, leading to a poor prognosis in OSCC patients. The present study aimed to identify potential markers, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and genes, significantly involved in the etiology of early-stage OSCC. Additionally, the main OSCC's dysregulated Gene Ontology annotations and significant signaling pathways were identified. The dataset GSE45238 underwent multivariate statistical analysis in order to distinguish primary OSCC tissues from healthy oral epithelium. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) with the criteria of p-value < 0.001 and |Log2 fold change| > 1.585 were identified in the two groups, and subsequently, validated targets of DEMs were identified. A protein interaction map was constructed, hub genes were identified, significant modules within the network were illustrated, and significant pathways and biological processes associated with the clusters were demonstrated. Using the GEPI2 database, the hub genes' predictive function was assessed. Compared to the healthy controls, main OSCC had a total of 23 DEMs. In patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), upregulation of CALM1, CYCS, THBS1, MYC, GATA6, and SPRED3 was strongly associated with a poor prognosis. In HNSCC patients, overexpression of PIK3R3, GIGYF1, and BCL2L11 was substantially correlated with a good prognosis. Besides, "proteoglycans in cancer" was the most significant pathway enriched in the primary OSCC. The present study results revealed more possible mechanisms mediating primary OSCC and may be useful in the prognosis of the patients with early-stage OSCC.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.35-39
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• 1998

Objectives: Minimal improvement in the long-term survival of head and neck cancer(HNC) patients has occurred despite a multitude of advances in the control of loco regional disease and a second primary malignancy(SPM) contribute to the continued poor prognosis for the HNC patients. This study was performed in order to identify the clinical characteristics of SPM in the HNC patients. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 354 patients of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that were followed up after initial treatment during the period of 1987 through 1994 were reviewed. This study examines the medical records of 354 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, of whom 26 subsequently developed a second neoplasm. Results: The actuarial SPM rate was 7.3%, and median time to presentation for the SPM was 26.8 months. The SPM were more likely to occur in male patients who had oral cavity index tumors. Patient whose index tumor was small at diagnosis had a greater chance of developing a second tumor as did those with no cervical lymph node metastases to the neck. Initial treatment modality was not associated with an increased risk of developing a second tumor. The commonest sites for the SPM were the lung and other head and neck area. The 3-year survival for patients who developed a secondary tumor from the time of its diagnosis was 27.8%. Conclusion: The SPM in the head and neck cancer patients are not uncommon and early detection of the SPM will contribute to increase the long-term survival of HNC patients.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2006

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare primary salivary gland malignancy characterized by histological features similar to those of ductal carcinomas of the breast. It is regarded as a high-grade malignancy associated with frequent local recurrences and early distant metastases that require aggressive treatment. The typical fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings in SDC include cellular smears showing tumor cells with eccentric pleomorphic nuclei and a granular cytoplasm arranged in flat sheets or cribriform patterns against a necrotic background. However, the presence of mucin-containing cells in SDC has been rarely described. We report the FNAC findings in a patient with histologically confirmed SDC that demonstrated numerous mucin-containing cells and was subsequently misdiagnosed as a high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Here we discuss the problems involved in distinguishing SDC from high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma on the basis of cytologic findings alone.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.43-46
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• 2016

Ameloblastic carcinoma is a malignant form of ameloblastoma defined by histological evidence of malignancy in primary, recurrent, or metastatic tumor. Such a tumor is rare, and the maxilla is an unusual site. Due to its rarity, the characteristics of this tumor in the maxilla have not been well described. Case 1: A 55-year-old, ill-appearing Nigerian male presented to our center with left maxillary swelling of seven-year duration. The swelling had been slow-growing and painless until one year prior, when the growth became rapid and was coupled with severe pain. The swelling affected both oral function and facial esthetics, and the patient reported difficulty breathing. There was a maxillary, ulcerated swelling extending from teeth 12 to 18 and blocking the left nostril. The involved teeth were moderately mobile. Case 2: A 32-year-old male farmer presented with recurrent right maxillary swelling of six-year duration. Prior to this episode, he had undergone surgery for ameloblastoma (follicular type). The present swelling was fungating through the skin and protruding into the right nostril. Ameloblastic carcinoma is an aggressive odontogenic tumor that requires aggressive surgical treatment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.4325-4329
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• 2014

Background: The expatriate population in Qatar largely comprises workers from the Indian subcontinent which has a very high rate of oral malignancy. Social and cultural habits and as well premalignant risk factors in this population remain prevalent even after migration. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study assessed the prevalence of risk factors and occurrence of oral precancerous lesions in a low income group expatriate community from the Indian subcontinent residing in Qatar. Results: Among the 3,946 participants screened for oral premalignant lesions 24.3% (958) were smokers and 4.3 % (169) were pan chewers while 6.3% (248) were users of both smoked and smokeless forms of tobacco. Significantly higher proportion of industrial laborers (49.9%) followed by drivers (24.1%) were found to be smokers (p=0.001). The prevalence of white lesions was higher in smokers versus non-smokers 3.5% versus 2.3% (p=0.111), however this difference was statistically non-significant. Red and white lesions were highly significant (i.e. 1.2 % and 10.9% respectively) in the subjects with pan chewing and smoking habits (p=0.001). A significant proportion (8.9%) of the subjects with pan chewing habit showed evidence of oral precancerous lesions (p=0.001). Conclusions: Even though smoking and pan chewing were two significant risk factors detected in this population, their prevalence and occurrence of premalignant lesions are low as compared to the studies conducted in their home countries.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1251-1254
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• 2016

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common malignancy of the oral cavity, shows geographical variation with respect to the age, sex, site and habits of the population. The histolopathologic grade of the tumor is closely related to its tissue of origin. This study was conducted to establish the prevalence of OSCC in relation to patient sex, age, habits and sites of lesions. Materials and Methods: A total of 130 cases of histopathologically diagnosed OSCC were selected for the study, out of which 66, 38 and 26 were well (WD), moderately (MD)and poorly differentiated (PD), respectively. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and graded according to a modified Borders's system. Then statistically analyzed different grades of OSCC for correlations with other variables. Results: In our study the majority cases of OSCC were found in the 5th to 7th decades of life, males acconting for 53%. The most common site was the buccal mucosa and most cases had habit of tobacco use either in the form of chewing or smoking or both. When the different grades of OSCC were compared with different sites a statistically significant value was observed (P=0.029). Conclusions: The incidence of high grade PD is very much less in female patients but in males such lesions were common. In our location population the buccal mucosa is the most common site due to the tobbaco habits of the patients and majority cases of the buccal mucosa are WD whereas in tongue, floor of the mouth and palate PD are common.