• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.407-414
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• 1995

The information concerning epithelial dysplasia of the oral cavity has been relatively little published. Of the histolgic grades, most of the cases were classified as moderate and severe category. Their ages ranged from 27 to 78 years(mean 57 years). The developmental incidence by sex was superior in male by ratio of 6 : 1. Epithelial lesions were located in the buccal mucosa, Floor of the mouth, the gingiva and the tongue. It is generally believed with a few exceptions that mild degree of epithelial dysplasia do not indicate any great danger for the patient. But severs dysplasia indicates that there is a very considerable risR of malignant transformation. Surgical excision is the effective method of controlling epithelial dysplasia. The authors investigated 7 cases of epithelial dysplasia histopathologically, 2 patients of them had malignant transformation. We discuss the clinical feature, treatment, prognosis, and histopatholgic analysis with literature reviews.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.163-168
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• 2015

Lichenoid dysplasia is a lichenoid features with epithelial dysplasia clinically and histopathologically similar to oral lichen planus. It can be clinically mistaken for oral lichen planus, but has histopathologic features of dysplasia and a true malignant predisposition. The clinician should be able to differentiate between oral lichen planus and lichenoid dysplasia for the proper management. We experienced a 75-year-old man with erosive, erythematous lesion on the left buccal mucosa previously diagnosed as oral lichen planus. He underwent surgical excision and the final histopathological result confirmed it to be lichenoid dysplasia with massive candidal infection. We report this case with a review of the related literature.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6979-6983
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• 2013

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is categorized as premalignant lesion although its malignant potential is a matter of controversy. The objective of this study was to investigate Ki67 expression in OLP, oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods: Expression of Ki67 was evaluated through immunohistochemistry (IHC) in groups of A (17 cases of epithelial hyperplasia), B (16 cases of OLP), C1 (10 cases of mild epithelial dysplasia), C2 (10 cases of severe epithelial dysplasia), D1 (10 cases of well-differentiated OSCC), and D2 (10 cases of poorly-differentiated OSCC). Results: There was a significant difference in Ki67 expression based on quantitative analysis among the six studied groups as well as group B compared bilaterally with groups C2, D1 and D2 (p< 0.0001). However, there was no significant difference between groups B and C1 or between groups D1 and D2 (p> 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results of the present study it may not be possible to definitely consider malignant transformation potential for OLP. However, expression of Ki67 was significantly higher in OLP than that of epithelial hyperplasia with no significant difference from that of mild epithelial dysplasia. This should be considered by clinicians to carefully and regularly follow up OLP lesions to detect potential subtle changes at an early stage.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.565-569
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• 2005

Lichenoid dysplasia is a lesion similar to oral lichen planus with epithelial dysplasia. It can be clinically mistaken for oral lichen planus, but has histologic features of dysplasia and a true malignant predisposition. It is not a variant or transitional form of lichen planus but, instead, represents a distinct entity that has a true potential for malignant transformation. In addition to abnormal epithelial maturation and cytology, lichenoid dysplasia exhibits other histologic features that separate it from oral lichen planus. Lichenoid dysplasia and lichen planus share many clinical and microscopic features, leading to the frequent misdiagnosis of unrecognized lichenoid dysplasia as lichen planus. We experienced a case of lichenoid dysplasia in the oral mucosa. We treated this patient with surgical excision. The patient has now been followed for two months. It is important to recognize this precancerous condition and inspect the excision site and remaining oral mucosa during long-term follow-up.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.309-310
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• 2023

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.46-55
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• 1999

To develop a chemopreventive strategy based on the different stages of premalignant lesions, we hypothesized that the inhibitory effect of chemopreventive agents is influenced by different promotion stages during carcinogenesis. DMBA-TPA-induced skin carcinogenesis was used with ICR mice and chlorophyllin (CHL) was applied as a chemopreventive agent. In vitro assay was performed with Salmonella typhi. TA100 to observe any anti-mutagenic activity of CHL against DMBA. Pre-initiation and pre-promotion effects of CHL were observed by CHL treatment before initiation and before promotion. To evaluate the inhibitory effect at different promotion stages, each group was divided into three subgroups after TPA promotion for 6, 18 and 24 weeks, respectively ; the first subgroup was immediately sacrificed after termination of TPA, the second subgroup was treated with CHL, and the third subgroup was sacrificed 8 weeks after termination of TPA without CHL treatment. The degrees of epithelial dysplasia, papilloma formation, and invasive carcinoma were observed histologically, and GST-Pi expression was observed immunohistochemically. ODC mRNA level was analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Results showed : CHL dose-dependently inhibited the mutation of Salmonella typhi. TA100; the incidence of epithelial dysplasia and papilloma formation was lower in pre-initiation and pre-promotion CHL-treated mice than DMBA-TPA-treated mice; no invasive carcinoma developed in pre-initiation CHL-treated groups, while 67% of DMBA-TPA treated mice had carcinomas; GST-Pi expression decreased when CHL was treated before initiation and before promotion; and when CHL was treated after termination of TPA application at 18 and 24- week-TPA promotion stages, respectively, the incidence of epithelial dysplasia and papilloma was markedly reduced compared to non-treated groups. When comparing the incidence of epithelial dysplasia and papilloma between the immediately-sacrificed subgroup and the non-treated group with a waiting period, we speculated that the 18-week-TPA promotion stage might belong to the promoter-independent progression stage. At the 18-week-TPA promotion stage, the level of ODC mRNA in the CHL-treated group was clearly reduced to the level of normal tissue. Taking these results together, CHL showed both anti-initiation and anti-promotion effects, while the inhibitory effect of CHL was prominent in the 18-week-TPA promotion stage. However, CHL seems to be incapable of completely blocking the progression in the 24-week-TPA promotion stage.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.81-86
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• 2019

Deep learning is emerging as one of the best tool in processing data related to medical imaging. In our research work, we have proposed a deep learning based framework CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) for the classification of dysplastic tissue images. The CNN has classified the given images into 4 different classes namely normal tissue, mild dysplastic tissue, moderate dysplastic tissue and severe dysplastic tissue. The dataset under taken for the study consists of 672 tissue images of epithelial squamous layer of oral cavity captured out of the biopsy samples of 52 patients. After applying the data pre-processing and augmentation on the given dataset, 2688 images were created. Further, these 2688 images were classified into 4 categories with the help of expert Oral Pathologist. The classified data was supplied to the convolutional neural network for training and testing of the proposed framework. It has been observed that training data shows 91.65% accuracy whereas the testing data achieves 89.3% accuracy. The results produced by our proposed framework are also tested and validated by comparing the manual results produced by the medical experts working in this area.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2013

Fibrous dysplasia is a benign fi bro-osseous lesion wherein normal bone is replaced with an excessive proliferation of cellular fibrous connective tissue intermixed with irregular bony trabeculae. Fibro-osseous lesions like fibrous dysplasia are often associated with non-epithelial cysts, such as simple bone cyst. The etiologic and pathogenic relationships between fi brous dysplasia and simple bone cyst have not been conclusively established. Nonetheless, the mechanism of cyst formation in fibro-osseous lesion associated with simple bone cyst can be said to differ from that of the typical simple bone cyst of the jaws. This article reports a case of bilateral lesions including fi brous dysplasia and simple bone cyst on each site and reviews the pathogenesis of cyst formation in the fibro-osseous lesion.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2010

Common radiographic appearances of ossifying fibroma (OF) are well demarcated margin, radiolucent or mixed lesion. Lesions for the radiographic differential diagnosis with OF include fibrous dysplasia, focal cemento-osseous dysplasia. Other confusing lesions might be the mixed lesions such as calcifying odontogenic cyst, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor, and benign cementoblastoma. We reported three cases of OF in posterior mandible. These cases showed a little distinguished radiographic features of OF and diagnosed from a combination of clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic information. We need to further refine radiographic and histopathological features of OF and other confusing lesions with literatures review because some cases of these lesions are not easily differentiated radiographically and histopathologically.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.147-151
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• 2016

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity and some of these have been documented in association or preceded by oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). Aggressive cancers with fast growth have demonstrated overexpression of some glucose transporters (GLUTs). Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of the glucose transporter, GLUT-1, in OEDs and OSCCs, seeking to better elucidate the biological behavior of neoplasias. Fifteen cases were selected this research of both lesions. Five areas were analyzed from each case by counting the percentage of positive cells at 400x magnification. Immunoreactivity of GLUT-1 was observed in 100% of the samples ranging from 54.2% to 86.2% for the OSCC and 73.9% to 97.4% for the OED. Statistical test revealed that there was greater overexpression of GLUT-1 in OED than the OSCC (p=0.01). It is believed the high expression of GLUT-1 may reflect the involvement of GLUT-1 in early stages of oral carcinogenesis.