• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2009

An efficient micropropagation protocol based on multiple shoot induction and callus regeneration has been standardized in Sarcostemma brevistigma, a rare medicinal plant. The nodal cuttings were cultured on MS medium supplemented with BA ($0.5-8{\mu}M$) or Kn ($0.5-8{\mu}M$) alone or in combination with NAA ($0.5-1.5{\mu}M$). Maximum multiple shoot induction was observed on MS medium supplemented with $4{\mu}M$ BA. On this medium, 100% cultures responded with an average number of 11.3 shoots per explant. However, the average shoot length was limited to only 0.9 cm on this medium. The addition of $1{\mu}M$ NAA along with $4{\mu}M$ BA gave rise to an average number of 10.9 shoots with an average shoot length of 1.8 cm. Luxuriantly growing callus was obtained on MS medium supplemented with BA ($5{\mu}M$) and 2,4-D ($2{\mu}M$). The callus was subcultured on MS medium supplemented with BA ($2-15{\mu}M$) or Kn ($2-15{\mu}M$) alone or in combination with NAA ($0.5-2{\mu}M$) for shoot organogenesis. Optimum callus regeneration was obtained on MS medium supplemented with $10{\mu}M$ BA and $1{\mu}M$ NAA. On this medium, 100% cultures responded with an average number of 13.4 shoots per culture. The shoots obtained via multiple shoot induction and organogenesis were rooted on half-strength MS medium supplemented with NAA ($1-7{\mu}M$) or IBA ($1-7{\mu}M$). IBA was better than NAA in terms of both the percentage of cultures that responded and the average number of roots per explant. The rooted shoots were successfully transplanted to soil with 86% success. This standardized protocol will help to conserve this rare medicinal plant.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.135-141
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• 1979

산성(酸性) protease를 생산(生産)하는 Rhiz. oryzae의 효소생산조건(酵素生産條件)과 조효소(粗酵素)의 특성(特性)을 검토(檢討)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1) 밀기울 배지(培地)에서의 최적(最適) 배양시간(培養時間)은 약(約) 48시간(時間), 최적(最適) 첨수량(添水量)은 $80{\sim}120%$이었다. 2) 밀기울 배지(培地)에 질소원(窒素源)으로서 $(NH_4)_6Mo_7O_{24},\;(NH_4)_2SO_4,\;NH_4NO_3$, casein, albumin의 첨가(添加)는 각각(各各) 효과적(效果的)이었으며 가장 우수(優秀)한 $(NH_4)_6Mo_7$. $O_{24}$와 casein의 최적첨가농도(最適添加濃度)는 각각(各各) 0.1%, 1.0%이었다. 3) 밀기울 배지(培地)에 탄소원(炭素源)으로서 glucose, galactose, maltose, lactose, soluble starch 의 첨가(添加)는 효과적(效果的)이었으며 가장 우수(優秀)한 glucose의 최적첨가농도(最適添加濃度)는 3%이었다. 4) 밀기울 배지(培地)에 인산염(燐酸鹽)으로서 $KH_2PO_4$의 첨가(添加)는 효과적(效果的)이었고 최적첨가농도(最適添加濃度)는 0.3%이었다. 5) 본효소(本酵素)의 작용최적(作用最適) pH는 2.4, 최적온도(最適溫度)는 $40^{\circ}C$부근(附近), 안정(安定) pH범위(範圍)는 $2.0{\sim}5.0$이고, $40^{\circ}C$이하(以下)에서 안정(安定)하였다. 6) 효소활성(酵素活性)은 10분(分)까지는 급격(急激)하게 증가(增加)하지만 그 이후(以後)에는 완만(緩慢)하게 증가(增加)하였다. 7) 효소액(酵素液) 2ml까지는 효소활성(酵素活性)이 급격(急激)하게 증가(增加)하였으나 그 이상(以上)에서는 거의 변화(變化)가 없었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.473-480
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• 1997

Microorganisms producing bioemulslfiler were isolated from the sea water In Pusan coastal area. The isolated strain which had the highest emulsification activity and stability was identified as the genus Achetobacter from the results of morphological. cultural and biochemical tests and named Achetobacter sp. EL-C6 for convenience. The compositions of optimum medium for emulsification of crude oil by Acinetobacter sp. EL-C6 were crude oil 2.0%, NH4NO3 0.2%, $K_2HPO_4$ 0.01%, $MgSO_4$.$7H_2O$ 1.o%, $CaCl_2$.$2H_2O$ 0.1% and NaCl 3.0% at initial pH 7.5 and 3$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. The cultivation for emulsification of crude ell was carried out in 500m1 shaking flask containing 100m1 of the optimum medium at 3$0^{\circ}C$. The highest emulsification was observed after 5 days. The utilization on the various hydrocarbon of the Achetobacter sp. EL-C6 showed that utilization of n-alkane compounds were better than that of aromatic compounds. Among the petroleum compounds, crude ell was best utilized by the Achetobacter sp. EL-C6.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.433-439
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• 1999

Among microorganisms isolated from soil, YJ-66 strain was the best producer of flocculant and was examined for flocculating ability in the active carbon and CaCl2. YJ-66 strain was the best producer of flocculant and was examined for flocculating ability in the active carbon and CaCl2. YJ-66 strain was identified to be a species belonging to the genus Achromobacter. The optimum culture condition for production of bioflocculant with the isolated strain was for 72hrs at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and pH7.5. The favorable carbon, nitrogen sources and inorganic salts for production of the flocculant were sucrose, peptone, MgSO4 and KH2PO4, whose optimal concentrations were 2%. 0.067%, 0.1% and 0.1%, respectively. Addition of the carbon and inorganic salts significantly increased the production of flocculant. Compositions of optimized culture medium for bioflocculant production by Achromobacter sp. YJ-66 were 2% sucrose, 0.067% peptone, 0.1% MgSO4 and 0.1% KH2PO4 in initial pH 7.5 during at 3$0^{\circ}C$ for 72hrs.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.191-196
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• 1981

고량주박을 원료로 한 식초생산 조건을 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.고량주박의 추출물을 사용하여 제조한 식초의 품질은 냉수침출방법에 의한 추출물이 온수침출방법의 경우보다 색, 향 및 발효속도 면에서 우수하였다. 2.고량주박의 추출조건은 고량주박량에 대하여 가수량 3배, 냉침 60시간 추출이 최적이었다. 3 표면발효에서 냉수침출액의 최적 첨가량은 20～30% 였다. 4. 액침배양의 경우 대수기의 초산 생성속도는 0.16g/100$m\ell$.hr.였고 발효수율은 91.17%, 발효소요시간은 약40시간이었다. 5. 본 시제품은 관능검사 결과 색과 향취면에서 시판품에 비교하여 우수하였고 공업적 생산성이 있다고 판단되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.223-226
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• 1999

A bacterial strain producing high level of an extracellular phytase was isolated from cooked rice and identified as a strain of Bacillus sp. and designated as Bacillus sp. KHU-10. Optimum culture conditions were investigated for the maximum productivity of phytase by Bacillus sp. KHU-10. 1.0% Maltose and 1.0% peptone with 0.5% beef extract were the best carbon source and nitrogen source, respectively. The addition of $CaCl_2$, stimulated the enzyme productivity with concentration between 0.01% and 0.2%, in the medium. Although sodium phosphate increased the cell mass, the enzyme activity decreased. Calcium phytate and wheat bran containing phytate did not enhance the enzyme production. Under the optimum medium, the production of the phytase reached the highest level of 0.2 unit/ml after 4 days of incubation.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2003

국내외에서 수집된 큰양송이(포토벨라)의 균주와 양송이 ASI707을 공시하여 균사체 배양조건과 균주별 자실체의 형태적 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 퇴비추출배지에서 균사생장이 우수하였고, 최적배양온도는 $25^{\circ}C$, pH는 7.0 이었다. 균사생장에 가장 적합한 탄소원으로 Sucrose와 Starch 질소원으로는 Malt extract가 선발되었고 최적 C/N율은 10이었다. 인공재배한 자실체는 공시균주간에 갓크기, 갓두께 등에서 큰 차이가 없었으나 개체중은 25.8~33.8g 내외로 균주간에 다소 차이를 보였다. 공시균주 중 KME59007은 다발성으며 평당 수량도 44.6kg으로 가장 많았다.

• 약학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.30-37
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• 1991

Streptomyces actuosus DMCJ-49 and Streptomyces minoensis DMCJ-144 produce the .alpha.-amylase inhibitor. Inerspecific protoplast fusion technique was used to increase the productivity of .alpha.-amylase inhibitor. Four auxotrophic mutants were obtained respectively from two strains by N-methyl-N'-nitor-N-nitrosoguanidine(3mg/ml) treatment. The optimum conditions for the protoplast formation of Streptomyces actuosus DMCJ-49 ade was as follows; 1.2% w/v of glycine, 3mg/ml of lysozyme, and 30 min of lysozyme treatment followed by 36 hr. incubation in the protop-last formation medium. In case of DMCJ-144-his those were 1.2%w/v, 3 mg/ml, 30 minutes and 60 hours, respectively. Regeneration was accomplished with hypertonic soft agar medium that contained 0.4M sucrose, 20mM CaCl$_2$, 50 mM MgCl$_2$ and low levels of phosphate. Fusion of protoplasts carrying different auxotrophic markers was achieved by treatment with polyethylene glycol. The optimum concentration of polyethylene glycol 1450 for the production of recombinants was 40%w/v. When the protoplasts was treated with 40% polyethylene glycol for 30 minutes, the frequency of recombinants was 6.5$\times$$10^{-3}$ and the $\alpha$-amylase inhibition activity of $ade^-his^-$ No. 4, which is the fusant with the most improved activity increased from 33 to 125 I.U./ml.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.346-351
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• 1995

To produce ethanol from Jerusalem artichoke powder efficiently, Kluyveromyces marxianus F043 cells were encapsulated in 2% sodium alginate and were cultured in a countinuous reactor to investigate the fermentation properties. Immobilized K. marxianus F043 cells were activated for 48 hours in a fermentor for continuous ethanol production. The culture in a CSTR using a Jerusalem artichoke substrate treated with 2% cellulase showed a decrease in ethanol concentration and an increase in residual saccharide concentration with a increasing dilution rate. Optimum conditions for high ethanol productivity and low residual saccharide output were clarified to be given at a dilution rate of 0.2 h$^{-1}$ and a Jerusalem artichoke medium concentration of 75 g/l. Ethanol productivity of 3.1 g/l-h and saccharide utilization of 62.6% were obtained under the optimum condition. When the fermentation was performed for 3 weeks under these conditions, the effluent medium showed stable ethanol concentrations of 16.3 - 17.9 g/l and viable cells of 6.60-7.16 log cells/ml without contamination. Trace amounts of methyl, n-propyl, iso-butyl, isoamyl alcohols besides ethanol were detected.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.292-295
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• 1990

본 실험에서는 Clostridium sp. KH-1167의 항생물질 생산을 위한 최적 배양조건에 대하여 고찰하였다. PY 배지를 기초배지로 사용하였을 때 탄소원으로는 1의 glucose가 가장 효과적이었으며, 질소원으로는 casamino acid가 비교적 양호한 것으로 나타났다. Salt에 있어서는 여러 salt를 복합적으로 첨가하였을 때 활성이 최대로 나타났다. 배지초기 pH 및 배양온도에 대한 최적 조건은 각각 pH5와 $30^{\circ}C$로 나타났으며 108시간 배양하였을 때 항생물질의 생산이 최대로 나타났다. 이러한 배양조건 최적화 실험결과 KH-1167의 항생물질 생산능력은 처음 분리에 사용되었던 배지에서 보다 450정도 증가되었다.