• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.16 no.12S
• /
• pp.1261-1267
• /
• 2003

Since the grating optical low-pass fillet degrades the resolution of images, we developed a hologram optical low-pass filter that show low degradation of the image and studied its characteristics. We designed the hologram that divides input beam into circular shaped 21 beams with a Monte-Carlo based hologram generation program and calculated its MTE characteristics to compare it with that of a grating filter. The hologram was manufactured through the optical lithography process and attached to a digital imaging device (Zoran 732212) for measurement. The moirfiltering is compared with zone plate images and the resolution loss is measured with USAF resolution chart. The hologram optical low-pass filter showed better characteristics in both moly filtering and resolution.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.121-126
• /
• 2012

We propose a novel technique that records the horizontal-parallax-only (HPO) hologram of a real object using optical scanning holography (OSH). The proposing HPO-OSH is composed of a conventional OSH and an electronics low pass filter. When we scan an object along vertical direction before horizontal direction, the electronic low pass filter filters the vertical fringes with preserving horizontal fringes and gives an HPO hologram. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to record the HPO hologram using OSH without either truncation of the scanning beam or digital post processing.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.43-49
• /
• 2014

This paper presents a theoretical study of transmission performance for an optical duobinary transmitter employed a Mach-Zehnder modulator and a electrical low pass filter at 40Gbps optical communication links. It depends on the bandwidth of the low pass filter in the transmitter, the optical filter and the filter in the receiver. Also, each filter affected to the various parts of the optical power spectrum. By optimizing the bandwidth of each filter, we could control the side robes and the ripples and improve the dispersion tolerance of the transmission system.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.345-353
• /
• 2023

We propose a turbulence-tolerant Manchester on-off keying (M-OOK) transmission for free-space optical (FSO) communication. At the transmitter end, a M-OOK signal featuring a spectrum with low-frequency components absent is modulated and transmitted into a turbulent channel. At the receiver end, a low-pass filter (LPF) -based adaptive-threshold decision (ATD) with LPF-extracted channel-state information (CSI) and a high-pass filter (HPF)-based fixed-threshold decision (FTD) are employed to compensate for the effects of turbulence, owing to the low-frequency spectral characteristics of the turbulent channel. The performance of LPF-based ATD and HPF-based FTD are evaluated for various cutoff frequencies for the LPF and HPF. Besides, the proposed M-OOK transmission is compared to conventional non-return-to-zero OOK (NRZ-OOK) for different data rates. The proposed technique is verified in simulation. The simulation results show that the proposed M-OOK detection with optimized cutoff frequencies of LPF and HPF has better bit-error-rate (BER) performance compared to NRZ-OOK, and it is close to the theoretical ATD with the knowledge of precise CSI under various degrees of turbulence effects.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.288-291
• /
• 2012

We designed an ultra-wide band-pass filter applicable to microwave reflectometry for KSTAR (Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) and to microwave photonics. The proposed ultra-wide band-pass filter exhibits a metamaterial structure characterized by a wide band, low insertion loss, and high skirt selectivity. The proposed filter is applied to enhance the linearity of reflectometry at the output of a VCO (voltage controlled oscillator). The pass-band of the proposed filter is observed at 18~28 GHz, and the out-of-band rejection is below 20 dB. Further, we constructed an unwrapped negative phase of S(2, 1) to verify the characteristics of the metamaterial. The under- and upper-band at lower limits of the pass-band are left- and right-handed, respectively. The group delay of the filter is less than 0.5 ns.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2004.11c
• /
• pp.544-546
• /
• 2004

This paper designs and evaluates a complementary filter for fusion of inertial sensor signals. Specifically, the designed filter is applied to inverted pendulum control where the pendulum's angle information is obtained from low-cost tilt and gyroscope sensors instead of an optical encoder. The complementary filter under consideration is a conventional one which consists of low- and high-pass filters. However, to improve the performance of the filter on the gyroscope, we use an integrator in the filter's outer loop. Frequency responses are obtained with both tilt and gyroscope sensors. Based on the frequency response results, we determine appropriate parameter values for the filter. The performance of the designed complementary filter is evaluated by applying the filter to inverted pendulum control. Experiments show that the performance of the designed filter is comparable to that of an optical encoder and low-cost inertial sensors can be used for inverted pendulum control with the heir of sensor fusion.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.217-224
• /
• 1994

The combination of both phase-shifting convolution and 2-bit quantization smoothing filter was used to reduce speckle noise from saw-tooth speckle fringes phase map, obtained in phase-shifting speckle interferometer. The phase-shifting convolution showed the noise reduction capability of speckle fringe without destroying edge information across 271 jump. Also, it was shown that the 2-bit quantization smoothing filter was superior to average, low-pass filter and median filter in speeding up smoothing process and enhancing SIN ratio. Finally, a path dependent unwrapping algorithm was used to unwrap a noise reduced 271 modulo speckle phasemap. semap.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.456-466
• /
• 2015

We investigated an anti-aliasing (AA) filter for digital camera photography by which the excessively high-frequency components of the image signal are suppressed to avoid the aliasing effect. Our optomechanical AA filter was implemented by applying rapid relative motions to the imaging sensor. By the engineered motion blur of the mechanical dithers, the effective point-spread function (PSF) of the imaging system could be tailored to reject the unwanted high-frequency components of the image. For optimal operations, we developed a spiral filter motion protocol that could produce a Gaussian-like PSF. We experimentally demonstrated that our AA filter provides an improved filtering characteristic with a better compromise of the rejection performance and the signal loss. We also found that the pass band characteristic can be enhanced further by a color-differential acquisition mode. Our filter scheme provides a useful method of digital photography for low-error image measurements as well as for ordinary photographic applications where annoying $moir{\acute{e}}$ patterns must be suppressed efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.18 no.8
• /
• pp.739-746
• /
• 2005

When we design a binary phase holographic optical low-pass filter (HOLF), the phase difference is generally set to be $\pi$ to optimize the diffraction efficiency. However, the phase difference of real HOLF mostly deviate from $\pi$ by the error in the fabrication process. The deviation causes the (0,0)-th order diffracted beam to increase, which results In raising the diffraction efficiency. To study the effects of the phase error on the performance of HOLF, we calculated the MTF of HOLF for various phase differences. The results show that the phase error of 10 $\%$ makes little change in the filtering characteristics of HOLF. Considering the filtering by lens and CCD, the effects of the phase error becomes much smaller. To confirm it experimentally, we fabricated HOLFs for various phase differences. After installing it in a digital camera, we take picture of test targets and observe the Moire fringes and the resolution. The results agree with our prediction.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.334-339
• /
• 2005

We studied the spatial filtering characteristics of a multi-phase hologram optical low-pass filter(HOLF). Using the Monte-Carlo based hologram generation program, we designed holograms whose diffraction patterns are circular shaped 21 beams and calculated the diffraction efficiencies and MTFs. 4-phase HOLF have the same diffraction efficiency as that of 2-phase HOLF. The MTF graphs of the two are also nearly alike. But 8-phase HOLF shows higher efficiency than those previously discussed and has larger MTF values in the low frequency region. 16-phase HOLF has just a little better characteristics than 8-phase. Considering the errors which can arise in the process of making holograms, 8-phase HOLF fits the goal of improving the resolution of spatial filter. We also fabricated 8-phase HOLF and .measured MTF The experimental results agree well with the theoretical expectations.