• 제목/요약/키워드: opine

검색결과 18건 처리시간 0.021초

Genes for the Catabolism of Deoxyfructosyl Glutamine in pAtC58 Are Attributed to Utilization of Octopine in Agrobacterium tumefaciens Strain NT1

  • Baek, Chang-Ho;Park, Dae-Kyun;Lee, Ko-Eun;Hwang, Won;Kim, In-Hwang;Maeng, Jue-Son;Kim, Kun-Soo
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • 제14권4호
    • /
    • pp.822-828
    • /
    • 2004
  • Nopaline-type Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58 cannot utilize octopine (Oct) as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources. This strain harbors two plasmids; a virulent plasmid, pTiC58, and a megaplasmid, pAtC58. From strain NT1, which is a derivative of C58 harboring only pAtC58, we isolated spontaneous mutants that utilize Oct as the sole nitrogen source. These Oct-catabolizing mutants, however, could not utilize the opine as the sole carbon source. In contrast, strain UIA5, a plasmid-free derivative of C58, could not give rise to such mutants. The mutations isolated from NT1 were mapped to socR in pAtC58, which is a negative regulator of the soc operon responsible for the uptake and catabolism of an Amadori opine, deoxyfructosyl glutamine (Dfg). A derivative of UIA5 carrying a clone of the soc operon with a transposon inserted in socR also utilizes Oct as the sole nitrogen source. However, UIA5 harboring the operon with mutations in each of the structural genes in the soc operon, socA, B, C, and D, lost the ability to generate spontaneous Oct-utilizing mutants, suggesting that soc genes in pAtC58 are required for the utilization of Oct as a nitrogen source, and that derepressed expression of these genes allows cells to utilize Oct. In contrast, Oct-catabolizing mutants derived from C58, which grew using Oct as the sole nitrogen source, could also utilize the opine as the sole carbon source. These mutants did not carry any detectable mutations in socR or the region upstream to the gene in pAtC58, suggesting that mutations occurring elsewhere in the genome, most likely in pTiC58, allow the uptake and catabolism of the opine.

인삼 형질전환 조직의 다량배양에 의한 Saponin 고 생산 I. 인삼에서 형질전환 조직의 유도, 배양과 Saponin 고 생산능주 선발 (High Yield Saponin Production by Mass Cultures of Ginseng Transformed Tissue I. Induction, Culture of Transformed Tissue and Selection of High-Saponin-Producing Clones in Ginseng)

  • 이정석;고경민
    • KSBB Journal
    • /
    • 제9권2호
    • /
    • pp.157-164
    • /
    • 1994
  • 인삼의 잎, 줄기, 뿌리 절편에 Agrobatriumrhizogenes(stain $A_4$를 접종하여 형질이 전환된 조직(모상근)을 유도, 배양한 후 saponin 고생산능 clones을 선발하였으며, 아울러 형질전환 여부를 dot blot hybridization 과 opine 분석으로 확인하였다. 여러 부위에서 유도된 모상근은 모두 암조건의 MS 배지에서 활발히 생장하였으며, 이들 중 HB3 clone을 이용하여 동질화딘 모상근 clon으로 배양한 후 saponin 고생산능 clon을 선발한 결과 HB2-10 clone이 최대의 생장을 보였으며 총 saponin함량은 0.55wt%로 나타났다. 그러나 총 saponin함량이 가장 높은 clone은 비교적 생장이 느린 HB3-2 clone이었으며 0.74wt%의 함량을 나타내었다. 아울러 dot blot hybridization 결과 Ri-T-DNA가 식물체의genome 내로 삽입되어 있었으며, opine확인결과 모든 모상근 clone으로부터 argropine과 mannopine이 검출되었다.

  • PDF

Multiplication and Transformation of Medicinal Plants for Production of Useful Secondary Metabolites II. Establishment of Hairy Root Cultures of Centella asiatica

  • Paek, Yun-Woong;Hwang, Sung-Jin;Park, Don-Hee;Hwang, Baik
    • Journal of Plant Biology
    • /
    • 제39권3호
    • /
    • pp.161-166
    • /
    • 1996
  • The hairy root cultures of Centella asiatica were established by infection leaf explants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4, 15834 in 1/2 Murashing and skoog liquid medium supplemented with 50 $\mu$M acetosyringone. The induced hairy roots were subjected to paper electrophoresis for the detection of opine and opine-positive clones which were considered to have been transformed. Five hairy root clones were selected according to the different bacterial strains used, growth rate and pattern. Among media tested, MS basal medium substituted phosphate concentration by 2.5mM K2HPO4 showed the highest growth rate in the dark condition.

  • PDF

Analysis of Trans-Acting Elements for Regulation of moc Operons of pTi15955 in Agrobacterium tumefaciens

  • Jung, Won-Hee;Baek, Chang-Ho;Lee, Jeong-Kug;Kim, Kun-Soo
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • 제9권5호
    • /
    • pp.637-645
    • /
    • 1999
  • Two putative regulator genes, mocR and mocS, of the moc (mannityl opine catabolism) operons in pTi15955 of the octopine-/mannityl opine-type Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain 15955, were tested for their possible roles as repressors in the moc operons. The regions upstream of macC and mocD, the first structural genes in the two divergently oriented moc operons, were transcriptionally fused into the promoterless lacZ reporter gene. Each of the lacZ-fusions was introduced into Agrobacterium strain UIA5, a Ti plasmid-cured derivative, harboring either a mocR or a mocS clone. The resulting strains were grown in media containing various sugar sources, and the $\beta$-galactosidase activities were quantitatively measured. The results suggested that MocR repressed the expression of macC and macD. The expression of the fused $\beta$-galactosidase was not induced by mannopine (MOP) or possible catabolic intermediates of the opine, e.g. santhopine (SOP), glucose, mannose, or glutamine. However, the repression was significantly relieved by the supplementation of MOP and the concomitant introduction of the agcA gene encoding MOP cyclase that catalyzes the lactonization of MOP to agropine (AGR). These results suggested that AGR, rather than MOP or the other catabolic intermediates, is the inducer for the expression of the operon. On the contrary to previous report showing that the induction levels of macC and macD were lowered by the supplementation of inorganic nitrogen in media, the expression of these genes was not affected by the level of nitrogen in our reporter system. MocS did not strongly repress the expressions of macC and mocD. It is possible that MocS may be involved in the regulation of the operons present downstream of the moc operon, which are responsible for the utilization of mannopinic acid and agropinic acid.

  • PDF

형질전환 인삼 Callus의 단백질, 환원당 및 Ginsenoside의 양상 (Patterns of Soluble Protein, Reducing Sugar and Ginsenosides in Transformed Calli of Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer)

  • 양덕준;최광태;양덕ㅈ
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
    • /
    • 제15권2호
    • /
    • pp.124-130
    • /
    • 1991
  • This study was conducted to obtain basic information about the transformation of ginseng tissue, identification of opine compound and protein, and saponin production from ginseng callus transformed with Ti-plasmic of AW$.$obacterium tumefaiens C58. Ginseng crown gall callus induced by pTiC58 could be continuously cultured on the Phytohormone-free medium. The transformation was reconfirmed by the detection and identification of opine compound, from the gall callus. The transformed ginseng callus contained higher amounts of protein than normal callus and the protein pattern of transformed callus was quite different from that of normal callus. The xylose which is not detected in the normal callus and ginseng root was identified in gall callus. The saponin contents of gall callus of ginseng were three times higher than that of normal callus, and ginsenoside composition of the transformed callus was similar to that of the cultivated ginseng root, but quite different from that of normal callus.

  • PDF

Agrobacterium rhizogenes를 이용한 Populus tremuloides의 형질전환 (Transformation of Populus tremuloides Using Agrobacterium rhizogenes)

  • 소인섭;유장걸;고영환;이선주;;류기중
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
    • /
    • 제38권2호
    • /
    • pp.123-128
    • /
    • 1995
  • Agrobacterium rhizogenes를 매개로 한 Populus의 형질전환계를 확립하고자 형질전환율에 영향을 주는 주요 인자들을 검토하고, 형질전환 식물체를 분화시켜 도입유전자의 발현을 확인하였다. 줄기조직보다 잎조직이 kanamycin에 대한 감수성이 커 형질전환체의 선발에 유리한 것으로 판단되었다. 접종용액의 박테리아 밀도는 $4{\times}10^5{\sim}7{\times}10^9\;cfu$의 범위내에서 형질전환율에 거의 영향을 주지 않았다. 공배양 기간은 1일 이내가 바람직하였고, 박테리아 제거배지의 항생제 농도는 cefotaxime과 ampicillin 각각 $250\;{\mu}g/ml$가 적당하였다. 배지에 acetosyringone을 첨가하여 배양한 박테리아를 사용했을 때 형질전환율이 증가했는데 acetosyringone의 적정농도는 $50\;{\mu}M$이었다. 형질전환된 gall은 kanamycin 농도가 $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ 이상인 배지를 사용하거나, 생장조절제가 들어있지 않은 배지를 사용하여 선택적으로 유기 및 증식시킬 수 있었다. A. rhizogenes를 접종시킨 조직으로부터 유기된 gall은 생장조절제를 포함하는 배지뿐만 아니라, 생장조절제가 없는 배지에서도 3주 이내에 뿌리를 형성하였다. NAA 0.05 mg/ml와 BA 0.5 mg/ml를 첨가한 배지에서 배양된 gall로 부터 약 6주일 후 식물체가 분화되었다. A. rhizogenes를 접종시켜 얻은 gall,그리고 gall로부터 재분화된 식물체의 추출물에서 agropine과 mannopine이 검출되어, 도입된 opine합성 유전자가 발현되고 있는 것이 확인되었다.

  • PDF

인삼의 Crown Gall Tumor형성에 관한 연구 (Formation of Crown Gall Tumor in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer)

  • 최광태;양덕춘
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
    • /
    • 제10권1호
    • /
    • pp.45-54
    • /
    • 1986
  • 인삼에 이용할 수 있는 vector system의 개발연구의 일환으로 우선 Agrobacterium spp.를 인삼의 잎, 줄기 및 뿌리에 접종하여 crown gall tumor의 형성 및 탈분화 그리고 Agrobacterium spp.의 opine화합물의 이용정도등을 조사하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58은 인삼의 모든 부위에서 crown gall tumor를 형성하였으나 secondary tumor나 teratoma는 형성하지 못했다. 2. Wild type Agrobacterium tumefaciens Y101, Y104, Y109는 crown gall tumor를 형성하였으며, tumor의 형태, 크기 그리고 생장 정도는 strain별로 차이가 있었다. 3. Agrobacterium tumefaciens Y194는 특히 amorphic tumor를 형성하였다. 4. 줄기에서 형성된 tumor조직에서 callus를 유기하고자 phytohormone free배지 및 2,4-D 첨가 배지에 접종한 결과 전혀 callus가 형성되지 않았다. 5. 뿌리에서 형성된 callus가 형성되긴 하였으나 출현빈도가 극히 낮았으며, 정상 조직과는 달리 2,4-D의 효과가 미미하였다. 6. Agrobacterium spp.에 의한 opone화합물의 이용능력을 조사한 결과, Agrobacterium tumefacciens Y104, Y110 과 C58은 nopaline type이었고 Y109는 octopine type이었으며, Y101은 nopaline과 octopine 어느것도 이용하지 못하였다.

  • PDF

Agrobacterium rhizogenes 에 의한 hairy root 형성에 대한 생리학적 연구 ; IV. Hairy root 배양 및 배양 조건에 관한 조사 (Physiological Studies on the Formation of Hairy Root by the Agrobacterium rhizogenes ; IV. Culture of Hairy Root and Survey of the Culture Condition.)

  • 황백;안준철;이재혁
    • KSBB Journal
    • /
    • 제4권3호
    • /
    • pp.246-253
    • /
    • 1989
  • Agorobacterium rhizogenes에 의하여 유도된 당근(Daucus carota L. )의 hairy root를 배양하였으며 opine 유무에 대한 형질전환 확인 및 배지조성을 달리하여 성장률에 따른 색소함량을 비교하였고, 재분화된 식물체의 형태적 차이를 관찰하여 몇가지 결론을 얻었다. Hairy root는 균 접종 2-4주 후에 형성층 부위를 중심으로 유도되었다. 유도된 hairy root의 초기 배양에는 R.C.M 배지가 적합하였으며 MSO(2, 4-D $10^{-4} ml/ l, pH6, sucrose 5%, 질소원 0.03M 등)에서 최대 성장을 보여주었고 성장의 증가에 따른 색소의 형성은 비교적 안정하였다. 재분화된 식물체는 정상 식물체에 비하여 형태적으로 차이를 나타내었으며 형질전환된 hairy root 및 재분화된 식물체에서 mannopine 분석으로 Ri-plasmid에 의한 형질전환이 이루어졌음을 확인하였다.

  • PDF