• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1517-1526
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• 2018

Investigating bacterial diversity and its metabolic capabilities is crucial for interpreting the ecological patterns in a desert environment and assessing the presence of exploitable microbial resources. In this study, we evaluated the spatial heterogeneity of physicochemical parameters, soil bacterial diversity and metabolic adaptation at meter scale. Soil samples were collected from two quadrats of a desert (Thar Desert, India) with a hot, arid climate, very little rainfall and extreme temperatures. Analysis of physico-chemical parameters and subsequent variance analysis (p-values < 0.05) revealed that sulfate, potassium and magnesium ions were the most variable between the quadrats. Microbial diversity of the two quadrats was studied using Illumina bar-coded sequencing by targeting V3-V4 regions of 16S rDNA. As for the results, 702504 high-quality sequence reads, assigned to 173 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at species level, were examined. The most abundant phyla in both quadrats were Actinobacteria (38.72%), Proteobacteria (32.94%), and Acidobacteria (9.24%). At genus level, Gaiella represented highest prevalence, followed by Streptomyces, Solirubrobacter, Aciditerrimonas, Geminicoccus, Geodermatophilus, Microvirga, and Rubrobacter. Between the quadrats, significant difference (p-values < 0.05) was found in the abundance of Aciditerrimonas, Geodermatophilus, Geminicoccus, Ilumatobacter, Marmoricola, Nakamurella, and Solirubrobacter. Metabolic functional mapping revealed diverse biological activities, and was significantly correlated with physicochemical parameters. The results revealed spatial variation of ions, microbial abundance and functional attributes in the studied quadrats, and patchy nature in local scale. Interestingly, abundance of the biotechnologically important phylum Actinobacteria, with large proposition of unclassified species in the desert, suggested that this arid environment is a promising site for bioprospection.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2015

Successful development of weapon systems requires a stringent verification and validation (V&V) process due to the nature of the weapons in which continual increase of operational capability makes the system requirements more complicated to meet. Thus, test and evaluation (T&E) of weapon systems is becoming more difficult. In such a situation, live fire tests appear to be effective and useful methods in not only carrying out V&V of the weapon systems under development, but also increasing the maturity of the end users operability of the system. However, during the process for live fire tests, a variety of accidents or mishaps can happen due to explosion, pyro, separation, and so on. As such, appropriate means to mitigate mishap possibilities should be provided and applied during the live fire tests. To study a way of how to accomplish it is the objective of this paper. To do so, top-level sources of hazard are first identified. A framework for T&E is also described. Then, to enhance the test range safety, it is discussed how test scenarios can be generated. The proposed method is based on the use of the anticipatory failure determination (AFD) and multiple event tree analysis (ETA) in analyzing range safety. It is intended to identify unexpected hazard components even in the environment with constraints. It is therefore expected to reduce accident possibilities as an alternative to the traditional root-cause analysis.

• Strategy21
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• 통권41호
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• pp.30-51
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• 2017

Neighboring powers in the Korean Peninsula have started to develop and operate aircraft carriers or equivalent forces to cope with rising North Korean nuclear and missile threats and also to show its national might. For example, the United States has added a aircraft carrier from the 3rd fleet to western pacific theater of operation, while Peoples Republic of China is undergoing operational test of Liaoning as well as preparing for christening of its 2nd aircraft carrier. Japan is flexing its muscle as well by deploying Izumo capable of operating F-35B to Southeast Asia to participate in multilateral exercises starting this year. It is a high time to know more about aircraft carriers or similar types in terms of maritime strategy and history. The U.S. has had by far the vast amount of experiences in utilizing aircraft carrier that it would be beneficial for us to examine U.S. perspectives and its application in the Korean Peninsula. It will provide us with insights to understand and predict what it would be like in times of crisis in the Korean Peninsula in the perspective of aircraft carrier's involvement. This paper intends to show some aspects of future conflicts in the Korean Peninsula and how the ROK Navy can best be ready for such situation. For research purpose, U.S. maritime strategy has been developed in stages ; establishment phase, WWI phase, WWII phase, Cold war phase, post Cold war phase. Each phase includes such factors as threats, strategic concept, applications, and ways to improve maritime strategy. Finally, the role of aircraft carrier based on past history as well as future conflict shines the importance to have power projection capabilities for the ROK Navy. The intrinsic nature of the navy in the world is to project power ashore just as history proved it.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.503-513
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• 2011

일반인들의 자연에 대한 감상과 생명과학의 이해는 오늘날 과학의 대중화에서 큰 역할을 차지하고 있다. 특히 일반인의 관심이 높은 전시와 같은 비형식 과학교육은 생태학, 동물행동학, 환경학 등 거시생물학적 분야의 내용이 주를 이루고 있다. 그렇지만 전문가의 참여 부재, 자연 현상의 피상적인 기술 등의 이유로 대중에게 효과적으로 전달되고 있지 않다. 정보와 지식은 그 자체로는 수용자가 곧바로 이해하고 받아 들일 만한 형태 및 구조를 가지지 못하다. 생명과학 지식을 일반인에게 효과적으로 전달하기 위해서는 콘텐츠를 유형별로 분류하고 콘텐츠화 하는 가공 과정이 필요하다. 주제의 선정 단계에서부터 내용의 편집 및 표현 단계까지의 일련의 과정으로서 관련 분야의 전문가인 과학자의 적극적인 역할이 강조된다. 콘텐츠화 과정은 과학적, 논리적 사고방식과 더불어 예술적 표현 및 소통 능력을 필요로 한다. 과학의 대중화를 위한 이론적 및 실천적 틀로서 통역의 개념을 제안한다.

• 지역연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.99-116
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• 1996

This study investigates the nature and patterns of interrelation between the emerging information and communication technology(ICT) and the organization of corporate space, both theoretically and empirically. In this work, ICT is conceptualized not so much a space-adjusting technology as an organizational technology. ICT is considered as a governance technology which is related to coordination function within a firm. Therefore, it is supposed to have a great relevance to the spatial reorganization of functions within a firm. Both questionnaire and case study method are used to gather necessary data from Korean electronics manufactures. The results of this study can be summarized as follow. First, the spatial structure of a firm, which is operationalised as the number and type of spatially separated establishments, is turned out to have a great explanatory power to its adoption of computer networks. Computer networks in muli-locational companies are introduced to overcome the limits of its spatial structure, such as duplication of functions, such as duplication of functions, loss of time spent in proceeding a job between different functional units, and unresponsiveness to the change of market demand. Second, new spatial division of labor and function could be possible through a series of business process reengineering, not through the mere adoption of ICT. Case studies reveal that computer network could help a firm to realize new forms of spatial division of labor, especially in those functions which is mainly based on the flow of information. Such function as ICT management, sales logistics and after-sales service are major parts where a new operational unit has appeared with the help of ICT. From above results, it can be concluded that the interrelations between ICT and organizational space should be approached intimately integrated with the change of industrial structure and it's organizational implications.

• 셀메드
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.9.1-9.14
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• 2015

The so-called "Needham's Grand Question" (NGQ) can be formulated as why modern science was developed in Europe despite the earlier successes of science and technology in ancient China. Numerous answers have been proposed. In this review, it will be pointed out that traditional Chinese natural philosophy (TCNP) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are in fact dealing with problems of highly complex dynamical systems of Nature and human beings. Due to the lack of mathematical machinery in dealing with such complex phenomena, a holistic approach was taken by ancient Chinese instead. It was very successful for the first eighteen centuries. In the recent three centuries, however, the reductionist and mechanistic viewpoints of Western natural philosophy, sciences, and medicine have been prevalent all over the world up to now. The main obstacle in preventing the advancement of TCM, TCNP and its sciences is actually the lacking of proper mathematical tools in dealing with complex dynamical systems. Fortunately, the tools are now available and a "chaotic wave theory of fractal continuum" has been proposed recently. To give the theory an operational meaning, three basic laws of TCNP are outlined. These three laws of wave/field interactions contrast readily with those of Newton's particle collisions. Via the proposed three laws, TCM, TCNP and its sciences can be unified under the same principles. Finally, an answer to NGQ can be accurately given. It is hoped that this review will help promoting a genuine understanding of natural philosophy, sciences, and medicine in an ecumenical way.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2020

전통적인 산업 분야인 자동차 산업에서 나타나는 두드러진 변화의 모습은 자동차를 운행시에 사람이 중심이었다면 이제는 다양한 편의 기능 및 자동 주행 혹은 자율 주행 기술로 인하여 점점 사람 이 아닌 자율기능 중심으로 이동하는 모습으로 발전하고 있다. 이러한 상황은 항공 산업 및 드론 시장을 비롯하여 로봇 시장 등 다양한 산업 분야로 확대되어 가고 있다. 항공 산업 중 드론 시장은 드론 운영의 무인 특성으로 인하여 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있다. 그중에서 군사용 드론은 은밀하고 기술의 특수성으로 인하여 자세한 사항들이 공개되지 못하고 있으나, 첨단 기술들의 집합체로서 드론 개발의 핵심 역할을 수행하여 왔다. 본 연구에서는 드론 분야의 주요 경쟁국인 미국을 비롯한 중국, 유럽연합의 현 상황을 알아보고, 현재 운영 중인 드론들의 특성 및 운영 제원 등을 통하여 주요국에 대한 기술 등을 상호 비교, 분석하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.257-266
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• 2014

This study has been performed to come up with any rational way for responding to the functions of fire-fighting spaces newly required by the changing social paradigms and to seek for the approach to designing fire-fighting spaces by taking into account the psychological and behavioral factors of fire-fighters who are exposed stress of operations. In particular, it is to satisfy any physical and functional requirements as special working-spaces and to reflect the psychological and behavioral approach to the workers who are forced to be at standby for a long time, which is the characteristic of their operation, to designing. Accordingly, for fundamental appreciation of whether or not such space programs as space organization needed for operational function are being practiced actively, the fire-fighting headquarters of Incheon City has been selected for the research. First, in the process of assessing the trend of organizing the space at safety centers for the recent 20 years, those built more than 20 years ago were left out from the space selection for the research. Second, those with less than 20 operators also were excluded. Third, among those completed in the same year, only one was selected, which was to avoid overlapping, with the consideration its regional representative nature for applying the safety centers in the jurisdiction of the headquarters equally. The study was performed through the visits to and the actual inspections by surveys at the selected 119 Safety Centers as well as the reviews of literature based on case studies. And for the assessment of significance, surveys and analysis of reliability and factors were carried out. The actual users of Safety Centers were picked as objects for the assessment of significance of space factors at 119 Safety Centers, which revealed that there are five types of dimensions for factor-analyzing standard with which users estimate any significance, which are "Area of Mobilization Preparation and Return" "Area of Standby" "Area of Working Activities" "Area of Employ Welfare" and "Area of Support".

• 대한기계학회논문집 C: 기술과 교육
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2015

각국의 무인기 카테고리 분류 기준에는 차이가 있으나, 대부분의 국가에서는 중량을 기준으로 25 kg(55 lb) 이하를 소형무인기로 분류하고 있다. 소형무인기는 주로 군사용, 공공용으로 개발되어 왔으나, 최근에는 취미 및 미디어 촬영 등을 위하여 민간분야로 확산되고 있다. 하지만 이러한 무인기를 운영하기 위해서는 유인기와 같은 수준의 안전성을 확보할 필요가 있다. 이는 무인기가 유인기와의 충돌이나 추락에 의해 지상 피해를 유발할 수 있기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 미국과 유럽의 국가들을 중심으로 소형무인기 운용을 위한 입법 및 운용 승인제도에 대해 조사하였다. 또한 소형무인기 운영을 위한 국내 제도 마련 방안에 대해서도 연구하였다.

• 한국결정성장학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국결정성장학회 1996년도 제11차 KACG 학술발표회 Crystalline Particle Symposium (CPS)
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• pp.285-309
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• 1996

Non oxide ceramics such as nitrides of transition metals have shown significant potential for future economic impact, in diverse applications in ceramic, aerospace and electronic industries, as refractory products, abrasives and cutting tools, aircraft components, and semi-conductor substrates amid others. Combustion synthesis has become an attractive alternative to the conventional furnace technology to produce these materials cheaply, faster and at a higher level of purity. However he process os highly exothermic and manifests complex dynamics due to its strongly non-linear nature. In order to develop an understanding of this process and to study the effect of operational parameters on the final outcome, numerical modeling is necessary, which would generated essential knowledge to help scale-up the process. the model is based on a system of parabolic-hyperbolic partial differential equations representing the heat, mass and momentum conservation relations. The model also takes into account structural change due to sintering and volumetric expansion, and their effect on the transport properties of the system. The solutions of these equations exhibit steep moving spatial gradients in the form of reaction fronts, propagating in space with variable velocity, which gives rise to varying time scales. To cope with the possibility of extremely abrupt changes in the values of the solution over very short distances, adaptive mesh techniques can be applied to resolve the high activity regions by ordering grid points in appropriate places. To avoid a control volume formulation of the solution of partial differential equations, a simple orthogonal, adaptive-mesh technique is employed. This involves separate adaptation in the x and y directions. Through simple analysis and numerical examples, the adaptive mesh is shown to give significant increase in accuracy in the computations.