• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.333-341
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the most appropriate shelf life for sterilized products according to their packaging material. Methods: Samples were prepared to target six nursing units in one general hospital in Seoul. After steam and E.O gas sterilization, sterilized product, samples were supplied to wards. Data collection was conducted for 3 months, after the expiration date of 3 months had passed for samples packaged with crepe paper and nonwoven wraps. For samples packaged with paper-plastic pouches, data collection conducted for 3 months when the expiration date of 9 months had passed. The sterilized products were collected and tested for microbial contamination. Identification of the storage environment was done as samples were collected. Results: This study confirmed that the storage environment met international standards such as CDC, except for temperature. For steam sterilized crepe paper packaging samples and steam and E.O gas sterilized for nonwoven packaging samples no contamination in all products was found for 3 months past the expiration date. However, in the E.O gas sterilized paper-plastic pouch packaging sterile samples, Gram-positive bacilli were detected in one sample from a surgical intensive care unit at 45 weeks and another sample from an operating room at 47 weeks. Furthermore, the results did not show any microorganisms for up to 52 weeks in all products. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, sterilized product packaging made with crepe paper and nonwoven wraps is better able an extended shelf life from 3 months to 6 months, reducing unnecessary costs.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.158-164
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• 2011

Check valves developed for aerospace applications and commercially available for the applications are investigated. The examples include the ones for launch vehicles, SSME (Space Shuttle Main Engine) and GSE (Ground Support Equipment) purges developed by NASA, requiring high reliability, and the ones by KARI. Also the commercial ones for room and cryogenic temperatures by major valve US companies. Relations of design factors such as seal materials and spring rate to principal performances like operating temperature/pressure and cracking pressure are explained. Then potential operational problems such as chatter and contaminations are explained. Also, filters, fittings for end connections and cleanliness requirements for the applications are considered.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.53-61
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• 1980

Hospital has a limited environment in which all different patients are accommodated and therefore it should always be maintained as clean as possible in all its aspects. However the habitation of cockroaches which may be frequently observed in hospital gives us a very unfavuoraqble impression. It may not b e difficult to presume that cocrkoaches carry various microganisms from ward to ward. This study was carried out from July to the end of August. 1979 with a total of 259 cockroaches captured from the three hospitals and general residences in Seoul. Investigation was made to see what kind o f organisms they were imbued with and the results obtained are summarized as follows. Totaly 1) The nine species of the microganisms were isolated from the captured cockroaches and the isolated rate was showed 96.6 ％. This organisms consisted of Aerobacter aerogenes（29.7% ). staphylocacci (22.4% ). gram negative bacilli（16.6％）. E. coli（10.4%), streptococci（9.7%). fugus（7.3), and yeast (0.4 ％). respectively. 2) The ratio of organism isolated from the cockroaches captured in each hospital appeared 98.6% in K hospital. 91.4% in P hospital and 100% in S hospital. respectively. 3) The total ratio of microganisms isolated from cockroaches captured in each ward of the hospitals was 96.9% and that by each ward was 96.0% in medical ward. 98.0% in surgical ward. 96.4% ill operating room. and 100% in infant care room. 4) The ratio of the microganisms isolated from the cockroaches captured in the kitchen of each hospital was 94.1% and that in the K and S hospitals was 100% and the P hospital. 83.3%. 5) The germ-carrying ratio of cockroaches captured from the jiving rooms and kitchens of general residences was 100%. 6) The staphylococci was isolated as 22.4% of 259 the corchrnahes and all of them belonged to negative coagulase. 7) Finaly. E. coli (10.4%) and Aevbarter aerogenes(29.7%) were isolted from the 259 cock-roaches. This was sugested that a great number of habitable cockroaches contacts directly with faces.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.76-81
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• 2017

Studies on the concentration of airborne microorganisms in human medicine as a part of a study on the nosocomial infections have been conducted properly, but in veterinary medicine, there has been rarely performed in Korea to the best of study's knowledge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of airborne microorganisms and to identify their species in different places in the animal hospital to alert the necessity of thorough cleanliness management. This study evaluated the concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi in hospital areas, such as patient waiting room, internal medicine ward, surgical ward and radiological diagnostic ward. The concentration of bacteria and fungi was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in two operating rooms and higher in the patient waiting room. The dominant species of bacteria were Micrococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., and fungi were Penicillium spp., Dermatophyte mold. Animal hospitals need to perform proper procedures for disinfection, sterilization, and environmental cleaning as well as appropriate employee training and monitoring in order to the maximum prevention of the risk of nosocomial and surgical infections.