• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1953-1957
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• 2008

Recombinant Lactobacillus strains have been constructed using gene splicing by overlap extension (SOE). Primers were designed of which one end of an amplified product contained complementary sequences for an end of other amplified fragment. For efficient matching, we used an asymmetric PCR step that was effective at generating an excess of strands that would anneal in the final PCR. CP12, a recombinant fragment consisting of the integrase gene and attachment site of the bacteriophage A2, was constructed and inserted into the genome of Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393, yielding Lb. casei ATCC 393::XCP12. Another recombinant Lb. casei strain was constructed, where the egfp gene was a part of the construction. The EGFP produced from Lb. casei ATCC 393::XCEGFP14 was detected by Western blot hybridization. This simple and widely applicable approach has significant advantages over standard recombinant DNA techniques for Lactobacillus species.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2006년도 제32회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.205-212
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• 2006

Three-dimensional numerical study was carried out for the investigation of the detonation wave structures propagating in tubes. Fluid dynamics equations and conservation equation of reaction progress variable were analyzed by a MUSCL-type TVD scheme and four stage Runge-Kutta time integration. Chemical reaction was modeled by using a simplified one-step irreversible kinetics model. The variable gas properties between unburned and burned states were considered by using variable specific heat ratio formulation. The unsteady computational results in three-dimension show the detailed mechanisms of rectangular and diagonal mode of detonation wave instabilities resulting same cell length but different cell width in smoked-foil record. The results for the small reaction constant shows the spinning mode of three-dimensional detonation wave dynamics, which was rarely observed in the previous numerical simulation of the detonation waves.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.243-259
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• 2016

This research develops a finite element code for the transient dynamic analysis of tapered fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) poles with hollow circular cross-section and flexible joints used in power transmission lines. The FRP poles are modeled by tapered beam elements and their flexible joints by a rotational spring. To solve the time equations of transient dynamic analysis, precise time integration method is utilized. In order to verify the utilized formulations, a typical jointed FRP pole under step, triangular and sine pulses is analyzed by the developed finite element code and also ANSYS commercial finite element software for comparison. Thereafter, the effect of joint flexibility on its dynamic behavior is investigated. It is observed that by increasing the joint stiffness, the amplitude of the pole tip deflection history decreases, and the time of occurrence of the maximum deflection is earlier.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2008

This study is the one of the step to propose the Design studio course that apply concept of 'BIM" that is new digital environment of Architecture. This Study propose as followed, First. The proposal of the experimental course of the Design studio, Second, Application of course of study, Third, The design course of study is proceeded by purpose of completion of BIM. This study is proceeded by the purpose of the concept of the BIM first and proposals of fundamental ideas that apply the idea. Proposed training courses are marked by that divide three areas of information - architecture information, environment information, drawing information - with process consisted in professional practice of design and adjust each process and sequence. Also, this study suggest process that applying BIM tools in this work as the basis frame.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.631-633
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• 2003

Invisible networks have hidden bits flows from human being and become the periphery in the Internet overload; technologies become invisible and everywhere computing. The appearance of the calm environment requires a new relationship between human being and machines and geographic features: a paradigm shift. However no one says what next steps to those environments on details are, a reason why lots of people focus on the endeavors. In this paper, we touch the geographic features on ubiquitous environments and research the transition step of GIS mobile applications in order to achieve a natural integration of connectivity, capability and functionality.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2008년 영문 학술대회
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• pp.597-601
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• 2008

Three-dimensional structures of detonation wave propagating in circular tube were investigated. Inviscid fluid dynamics equations coupled with a conservation equation of reaction progress variable were analyzed by a MUSCL-type TVD scheme and four stage Runge-Kutta time integration. Variable-$\gamma$ formulation was used to account for the variable properties between unburned and burned states and the chemical reaction was modeled by using a simplified one-step irreversible kinetics model. The computational code was parallelized based on domain decomposition technique using MPI-II message passing library. The computations were carried out using a home made Windows based PC cluster having 160 AMD AthloxXP and Athlon64 processor. The computational domain consisted of through a roundshaped tube with wall conditions. As an initial condition, analytical ZND solution was distributed over the computational domain with disturbances. The disturbances has circumferential large gradient. The unsteady computational results in three-dimension show the detailed mechanisms of multi-cell mode of detonation wave instabilities resulting diamond shape in smoked-foil record.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.38-54
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• 2001

A finite difference method for calculating turbulent flow and surface wave fields around a ship model is evaluated through the comparison with the experimental data of a Series 60 $C_B$=0.6 ship model. The method solves the Reynolds-averaged Navior-Stokes Equations using the non-staggered grid system, the four-stage Runge-Kutta scheme for the temporal integration of governing equations and the Bladwin-Lomax model for the turbulence closure. The free surface waves are captured by solving the equation of the kinematic free-surface condition using the Lax-Wendroff scheme and free-surface conforming grids are generated at each time step so that one of the grid surfaces coincides always with the free surface. The computational results show an overall close agreement with the experimental data and verify that the present method can simulate well the turbulent boundary layers and wakes as well as the free-surface waves.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.31-36
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• 2009

There have been many solar tracking systems developed for the high accuracy in solar tracking. One of the key components of any motion control system is software. LabVIEW offers an ideal combination of flexibility, ease-of-use and well-integration with other I/O pieces for developing solar tracking system. Real-time solar positions which vary with GPS's data are used simultaneously to control the solar tracker by a chain of operating modes between the open and closed loops. This paper introduces a step by step procedure for the fabrication and performance assessment of a precision solar tracking system. The system developed in this study consists of motion controllers, motor drives, step-motors, feedback devices and application. CRD sensors are applied for the solar tracking system which play a primary role in poor conditions for tracking due to a gear backlash and a strong wind. Mini-dish was used as a concentrator for collecting sun light. The solar position data, in terms of azimuth and elevation, sunrise and sunset times was compared with those of KASI(Korea Astronomy & Space Science Institute). The results presented in this paper demonstrate the accuracy of the present system in solar tracking and utilization.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2000

3차원 형상의 복구를 위하여 일반적으로 다른 방향에서 취득한 거리 영상을 하나의 좌표계로 변환하는 과정이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 과정 중 레지스트레이션과 인티그레이션에 관한 연구 결과를 제시한다 레지스트레이션에 대해서는 가존의 ICP 알고리듬의 수렴 속도 향상을 위해 높은 곡률을 갖는 데이터에 가중치를 주는 2 단계의 알고리듬을 제안한다 첫 번째 단계에서는 모든 거리 데이터 이용하여 적당한 정도의 레지스트레이션을 수행하고 두 번째 단계에서 높은 곡률을 가진 점들만을 이용하여 보다 정확한 레지스트레이션을 수행한다 인티그레이션 알고리듬으로는 가준 좌표계로 변환된 모든 거리 영상간의 전체 오차를 최소화하기 위해 2장간의 거리 영상에 대한 ICP 알고리듬을 임의의 N장의 거리 영상에 대하여 적용할 수 있도록 일반화하는 알고리듬을 제안하였다 제안하는 알고리듬을 통하여 2장간의 변환을 순차적으로 수행하여 기준 좌표계로의 변환을 얻었을 때 레지스트레이션 오차가 누적되는 문제점을 해결하였다 실험결과 레지스트레이션 알고리듬은 펜티움 150MHz PC 환경에서 l분정도의 수행시간을 나타내었다 실험 결과는 제안하는 기법이 적절한 시간내에 모든 거리 데이터들을 오차가 고르게 분포하는 모델을 형성할 수 있음을 보인다.

• 정보저장시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 정보저장시스템학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.22-25
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• 2005

In this research, a wafar-level transfer method of cantilever array on a conventional CMOS circuit has been developed for high density probe-based data storage. The transferred cantilevers were silicon nitride ($Si_3N_4$) cantilevers integrated with poly silicon heaters and piezoelectric sensors, called thermo-piezoelectric $Si_3N_4$ cantilevers. In this process, we did not use a SOI wafer but a conventional p-type wafer for the fabrication of the thermo-piezoelectric $Si_3N_4$ cantilever arrays. Furthermore, we have developed a very simple transfer process, requiring only one step of cantilever transfer process for the integration of the CMOS wafer and cantilevers. Using this process, we have fabricated a single thermo-piezoelectric $Si_3N_4$ cantilever, and recorded 65nm data bits on a PMMA film and confirmed a charge signal at 5nm of cantilever deflection. And we have successfully applied this method to transfer 34 by 34 thermo-piezoelectric $Si_3N_4$ cantilever arrays on a CMOS wafer. We obtained reading signals from one of the cantilevers.