• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.453-459
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of video - based movement therapy program on emotional variables (anxiety, depression, panic disorder) and EEG on panic disorder patients. The following conclusions were obtained. The results of the 12 - week video - based behavior therapy program showed that there were statistically significant differences (p <.05) in the anxiety scale of the exercise group. There were statistically significant differences (p <.05) between the left brain L-Beta region of the exercise group and the left brain H-Beta and the right brain L-Beta regions of the control group and no significant difference was found between the groups. The results of this study suggest that the performance of the video-based behavioral therapy program for panic disorder patients did not affect the emotional variables and EEG changes. However, in the case of emotional variables, It is considered that the longer the program execution period, the more result will be obtained. In addition, it is expected that more positive study results can be expected if the program is run after having had enough familiarity and adaptation time of the operation treatment program omitted in this study.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to examine nurses’ perceptions of medication treatment for psychiatric patients and to compare these perceptions with the perceptions held by the patients. The methodology used in this study was a descriptive design with semi-structured and open-ended interviews. This study used a convenience sample of 112 nurses who worked in, and 209 patients who were under psychiatric treatment, in four hospitals attached to a university and one national mental hospital in the city of Seoul. The collected data were analyzed by SAS, using percentages for descriptive purposes, and t-test or x$^2$ for comparing the variables. The results were as follows : 1. There was no significant differences between nurses’ and patients’ perceptions on the extent to which patients complied with their medication treatment. Generally speaking, the mean compliance scores for both nurses and patients was high(nurse : (equation omitted)=3.70, Patient : (equation omitted)=3.76). 2. There was a significant difference in nurses’ and patients’ perceptions on the reasons why patients do not take medication. The nurse group indicated that the patients did not take medication because of the “worry about side effects or habituation(49.53%)”, “boredom from long-term use of medication(26.17%)” and “distrust toward medical staff(12.15% )”, but the patient group indicated that they “did not want to be dependent on medication (25%)”, “forgot to take medication(19.7%) and “worried about side effects or habituation(15.91%). 3. As for the necessity of medication, both groups showed some different responses. Even though both groups were aware of the necessity of taking medication, the patient group(21.53%) showed a more negative response. As (or the effects of medication, both groups (nurses and patients ) showed positive responses. However, the nurse group showed a higher positive response (91.07% ) than the patient group(74.16%), 5. Both the patient and nurse group indicated that the most helpful element for the patient’s life under psychiatric treatment was interviews and conversations with therapists and nurses. However, the nurse group showed a higher response(70.15%) than the patients group(47.15%). According to the patient group, family support for the patient was another important factor for psychiatric treatment and daily struggles. In conclusion, as there were differences between the perception of nurses and patients, the nurse must consider the patients’ subjective perceptions first. They should also revaluate their false belief and prejudice concerning the patients’ perceptions. Such information can provide a base to be applied by the nurses in devloping effective mutual relationships with patients which can in turn help in compliance with medication regimen. As it was confirmed that medication was the most important factor in the patients’ recovery, a thorough education program on the therapeutic effect of medication and the necessity of their continued use after discharge is also needed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.17 no.7 s.110
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• pp.673-683
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• 2006

In this paper, we investgate variation of phase and magnitude characteristics which become different as the variables of DGS are changed and propose the new method to easily decide the best optimum DGS pattern taking advantage of this trend. Generalized Chebyshev(GC) low pass filter(LPF) is designed by using DGS obtained from this method GC DGS LPF is more available for filter application than Chevyshev DGS LPF because GC LPF have parallel resonators as series circuits, therefore unlikely Chebyshev LPF, transform step of the series elements can be omitted. By using the proposed method, GC DGS LPF(N=5) and as a subject of comparison, conventional Chbyshev LPF(N=7) are designed and implementation. From the comparison of the measured data, we confirmed that the implemented GC DGS 5th order LPF have much better cutoff characteristics and reduce by 0.58 times size, on the other hand the stop bandwidth become widen about 1.57 times or more in comparison with the conventional Chevyshev 7th order LPF.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.269-282
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• 2020

Using the Korean longitudinal study of ageing(KLoSA), this study examines the effect of the participation in physical exercises and in social networking on the experience of depressive symptoms among elderly. This study differs from previous studies in two ways. First, this study avoids omitted variable bias by using an extensive set of control variables that are associated with the experience of depressive symptoms. Second, this study explores the composite effect of two different leisure time activities. This study provides empirical evidence that the participation in physical activities and in social networking reduces the probability of experiencing depressive symptoms. This study provides important insights on the future research on the mechanism how leisure time activities influence physical and mental health of elderly.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1707-1710
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• 2014

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate baseline use and positive rates of staging images (bone scan, CT) in newly diagnosed patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and to improve staging image overuse. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study covered a consecutive series of patients with PCa who underwent stage imaging at our institution between 2006 and 2011. Various clinical and pathological variables (age, PSA, biopsy Gleason score, clinical T stage, positive biopsy core rate) were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis for their ability to predict a positive staging image. All patients were stratified according to the NCCN risk stratification and positive rates were compared in each risk group. Results: 410 patients (100%) underwent a bone scan and 315 patients (76.8%) underwent a CT scan. Some 51 patients (12.4%) had a positive bone scan, clinical T3 and T4 being significant independent predictors. Positive bone scan rates for low-, intermediate-, high-, and very high-risk groups were 0%, 0%, 8.25%, and 56.6%. Some 59 (18.7%) patients had a positive CT scan, with elevated PSA and clinical T3, T4 as significant independent predictors. Low-, intermediate-, high- and very high-risk group rates were 0%, 0%, 13.8% and 80.0%. Conclusions: The incidences of positive staging image in low- and intermediate- risk group were reasonably low. Following feedback on these results, staging in low- and intermediate- risk groups could be omitted.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.923-932
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• 2008

We are likely to face complex multivariate data which can be characterized by having a non-trivial correlation structure. For instance, omitted covariates may simultaneously affect more than one count in clustered data; hence, the modeling of the correlation structure is important for the efficiency of the estimator and the computation of correct standard errors, i.e., valid inference. A standard way to insert dependence among counts is to assume that they share some common unobservable variables. For this assumption, we fitted correlated random effect models considering multilevel model. Estimation was carried out by adopting the semiparametric approach through a finite mixture EM algorithm without parametric assumptions upon the random coefficients distribution.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.133-143
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• 2014

The paper uses a panel gravity model to analyse the determinants of export via Gwangyang port for the period from 2000-2012. The gravity model includes export via Gwangyang port, GDP and population of trading partners, the distances between Korea and its partners, and Korea-ASEAN FTA dummy. Hausman test shows up which one is exactly appropriate between random effect estimation and fixed effect estimation to use panel dataset. It depends on whether or not existence or nonexistence of the correlation between unobserved omitted factors and variables. Fixed effect estimation is suitable for this paper by the rejection of null hypothesis. An Empirical analysis of this paper shows GDP influences positive effects and distance influences negative effects to Gwangyang port trading partners. In addition, the results strongly supported the effects of Korea-ASEAN FTA on the growth of Gwangyang port export.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.11-21
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• 2021

In the last few years, there is growing interest in the field of simultaneous equation estimation in finance due to the endogeneity problem caused by measurement errors, simultaneity, or omitted variables. This study aims to discuss the endogeneity problem in corporate financing decisions and investigate the interrelationship of financial decision-making such as investment decision, dividend decision, and external financing decision in Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) using two-stage least squares (2SLS) and generalized method of moment (GMM) estimation. The Bruech-Pagan test shows that the data has no heteroskedasticity issue and 2SLS is a better approach in the context of this study as compared to the GMM approach, and internal instruments are also sufficiently strong and valid. The three financial decision-making attributes are not jointly determined, and the dividend is influenced by one-sided investment. In the emerging stock market context, external financing and investment are not inter-related and did not affect each other. The question of whether the simultaneous equation estimation can be useful in the context of the emerging stock markets and newly-growing firms remains unanswered. The inclusive evidence shows that the theoretical link in the emerging stock market is difficult to prove like in developed stock markets.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.31-43
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• 2024

A very widely used analytical method (mathematical model), mentioned in Eurocode 3, to examine the connections' bending behavior is the component-based method that has certain weak points shown in the plastic behavior part of the moment-rotation curves. In the component method available in Eurocode 3, for simplicity, the effect of strain hardening is omitted, and the bending behavior of the connection is modeled with the help of a two-line diagram. To make the component method more efficient and reliable, this research proposed its advanced version, wherein the plastic part of the diagram was developed beyond the guidelines of the mentioned Regulation, implemented to connect the end plate, and verified with the moment-rotation curves found from the laboratory model and the finite element method in ABAQUS. The findings indicated that the advanced component method (the method developed in this research) could predict the plastic part of the moment-rotation curve as well as the conventional component-based method in Eurocode 3. The comparison between the laboratory model and the outputs of the conventional and advanced component methods, as well as the outputs of the finite elements approach using ABAQUS, revealed a different percentage in the ultimate moment for bolt-extended end-plate connections. Specifically, the difference percentages were -31.56%, 2.46%, and 9.84%, respectively. Another aim of this research was to determine the optimal dimensions of the end plate joint to reduce costs without letting the mechanical constraints related to the bending moment and the resulting initial stiffness, are not compromised as well as the safety and integrity of the connection. In this research, the thickness and dimensions of the end plate and the location and diameter of the bolts were the design variables, which were optimized using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Snake Optimization (SO), and Teaching Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) to minimization the connection cost of the end plate connection. According to the results, the TLBO method yielded better solutions than others, reducing the connection costs from 43.97 to 17.45€ (60.3%), which shows the method's proper efficiency.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.123-151
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• 2005

In the world of Web pages, there are oceans of documents in natural language texts and tables. To extract rules from Web pages and maintain consistency between them, we have developed the framework of XRML(extensible Rule Markup Language). XRML allows the identification of rules on Web pages and generates the identified rules automatically. For this purpose, we have designed the Rule Identification Markup Language (RIML) that is similar to the formal Rule Structure Markup Language (RSML), both as pares of XRML. RIML is designed to identify rules not only from texts, but also from tables on Web pages, and to transform to the formal rules in RSは syntax automatically. While designing RIML, we considered the features of sharing variables and values, omitted terms, and synonyms. Using these features, rules can be identified or changed once, automatically generating their corresponding RSML rules. We have conducted an experiment to evaluate the effect of the RIML approach with real world Web pages of Amazon.com, BamesandNoble.com, and Powells.com We found that $97.7\%$ of the rules can be detected on the Web pages, and the completeness of generated rule components is $88.5\%$. This is good proof that XRML can facilitate the extraction and maintenance of rules from Web pages while building expert systems in the Semantic Web environment.