• 제목/요약/키워드: oil tankers

검색결과 101건 처리시간 0.019초

제주해협 통항문제에 관한 법적 고찰 (Legal Approach to the Passage Issues of the Cheju Strait)

  • 김현수
    • 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 해양환경안전학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회
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    • pp.35-44
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    • 2003
  • 본 연구는 제주해협의 통항문제를 유엔해양법협약을 기초로 검토하여 제주해협의 국제법상 지위 및 이에 상응하는 통항제도를 구체적으로 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 제주해협의 지리적 특성, 유엔해양법협약상의 통항제도, 제주해협의 통항문제 및 북한상선의 제주해협문제 등을 고찰한다.

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국제법상 동북아해저환경보존에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Marine Environmental Protection of Northeast Asian Seas in International Law)

  • 이윤철
    • 한국항해학회지
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.77-97
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    • 1995
  • The protection of the marine environment is one of the main international legal problems in recent years. In parallel with the industrial development, a great quantity of chemical materials were used and in consequence, mass transportation of oil and other dangerous materials was required on the one hand, and discharge of industrial wasters drew also the attention on the other hand. Furthermore, oil tankers accidents, mass use of nuclear materials, sea-bed exploration and exploitation stimulated further deep human concern on the marine environment. The expansion of international concern to new and more dangerous sources of marine pollution regarded more strict and legal control on the Oil Tanker(DWT 95, 000tons, Cb=0.805) model. Calculation results are compared to the international, especially regional level. In particular, this study is concerned with the preservation of the Northeast Asian Seas surrounded by Japan, the Russian Far East, South Korea, North Korea, China and Taiwan. These adjacent countries must intensify cooperation regarding the prevention, reduction and control of the contamination of the sea. And this cooperation between the States concerned should, as much as possible, be aimed at maximizing the effectiveness of measures to prevent or abate transboundary environmental pollution. To achieve this purpose, States concerned should be imposed upon duties such as duty to assess the environmental impact, duty to inform, duty to consult and duty to assist on the basis of general principle of international law, international customary law and other various resolutions of international bodies. Depending on the nature and extent of actual or potential transboundary pollution with the use of a natural resource or the environment in general the establishment of some form of institutionalized cooperation between the States concerned may become useful or indispensable. The functions of this Organization are, inter alia, to keep the implementation of the Convention and the protocals under continuous observation, to make recommendations on regional or sub-regional rules and standards to be elaborated and on measures to be taken by the Contracting Parties, to be notified of any grave and imminent danger from pollution or threat of pollution by the Contracting Parties and to promote in close cooperation with appropriate governmental bodies additional measures to protect the marine environment of the Northeast Asian Seas, and so on. Above mentioned countries, first of all, are located within the Northeast Asian Seas geographically and, therefore, take responsibilities of preserving the clean sea against marine interferences regardless of any difference of the social, political and economic systems. They must be followed under the UNCLOS and other marine conventions. Under the present circumstances, Northeast Asian Seas will become dead seas in case that there is no instant and prompt action against pollution. Hence we have an absolute obligation to promote the development of the mandatory international environmental law, which in turn can faciliate more effective implementation of the regional cooperation by the neighbouring states within this area.

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H-CSR 기반 유조선 종강도 부재의 설계 자동화 알고리즘 개발 (Development of an Automated Design Algorithm for the Longitudinal Members of Oil Tankers based on H-CSR)

  • 박찬임;정솔;송하철;나승수;박민철;신상훈;이정렬
    • 대한조선학회논문집
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    • 제53권6호
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    • pp.503-513
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    • 2016
  • In order to reduce the green-house gas exhaustion, International Maritime Organization (IMO) has been reinforcing carbon gas regulations. Due to the regulations, a lot of competitions for designing Eco ship in the shipbuilding industry are progressing now. It is faced with the necessity of reducing hull weight by combining automated systems for optimal compartment arrangement with hull structural design. Most researches on optimum structural design method have been consistently in progress and applied to minimize weight and cost of mid-ship section in preliminary ship design stage based on analytical structural analysis method on fixed compartment arrangement. In order to reduce design period and to improve international technical competitiveness by shortening the period of hull structural design and enhancing design accuracy, it has been felt necessity to combine optimized compartment arrangement with optimum design of ship structure based on the international regulations and rules. So in this study, the automated design algorithm for longitudinal members has been developed to combine automated algorithm of compartment arrangement with hull structural design system for oil tanker. The SeaTrust-Hullscan software developed by Korean Register is used to perform ship structural design for mother ship and selected design cases. The effect of weight reduction is verified with comparison of ship weight between mother ship and the cases suggested in this study.

농업 및 수산업 정책금융의 비교 연구 (A Comparative Study of Financial Support for Agriculture and Fisheries)

  • 정상진
    • 수산경영론집
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.47-56
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    • 1996
  • The pollution in the coastal sea is being aggravated because of frequent happening of red tide and oil leakage from tankers. The Exclusive Economic Zone is being drawn in the seas surrounding Korean Peninsula. Therefore, the fisheries in Korea is under a great change in their production base. On the other hand, the fisheries have been considered as a part of agriculture in policy making and financial support. The thesis compares agriculture with fisheries in the fund demands and financial supports. It tries to find a way in the efficient allocation of fund for the two industries. The fund demand of a typical fishing household is greater than that of a typical farm household. The fund used by a fishery household is more dependent on debt than that of a farm household. Therefore, the internal financing ability of a fishery household is weaker than that of a farm household. The repaying ability of a fishery household is weaker than that of a farm household because a fishery household's income is less than a farm household's. When we analyze the uses of fund, the fishing industry has some disadvantage in fund uses. The financial support for the fisheries' structural change is weaker than that for agriculture. The fishing industry has some disadvantage in the investment and subsidy rates. Also, the loan period for fisheries is shorter on average than that for agriculture. When we analyze the sources of the fund, the fisheries' banking sources are greater than the government's sources, which is relatively stable. Therefore, the fisheries will be more heavily affected by the liberalization of banking industry and system than the agriculture will. The government needs to change the shortcomings in the sources and uses of fund. First, it needs to use the fund, considering the characteristics of the industry and producers' financing ability. Second, it needs to adjust the sources of fund to the liberalization of financial system.

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선박 배기가스의 대기확산 패턴에 관한 연구 - 부산항을 중심으로 (A Study on Atmospheric Dispersion Pattern of Ship Emissions - Focusing on Port of Busan)

  • 이민우;이향숙
    • 한국항만경제학회지
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    • 제34권1호
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    • pp.35-49
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    • 2018
  • 부산항은 국내 물동량의 75% 이상을 처리하는 제1의 항만이며, 세계 글로벌 항만 중 6위를 차지하고 있다. 본 연구는 부산항의 중추역할을 하면서 시내와 가까이 위치한 북항에 접안하는 선박들로부터 발생되는 배기가스를 추정하고, 항만 주변으로 어떻게 확산되는지 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 미국 환경보건국에서 제안한 배기가스산출모형을 적용하여 선박유형별 배출량을 산정하고, 대기확산모형인 CALPUFF Model를 통해 계절, 기상상태, 시간변화에 따른 배기가스의 대기확산 패턴을 분석한 후, 시사점을 도출하였다. 분석결과, 주요 오염원인 질소산화물, 이산화황, 미세먼지의 배출량은 각각 30,853톤, 36,281톤, 6,856톤이며, 유조선에서 42%로 가장 많이 발생하였다. 또한 맑은 날엔 대기오염이 항만주위에 정체되고, 바람 부는 날엔 넓게 확산되며, 비오는 날엔 가장 옅어지는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과는 대기오염의 심각성을 인식하게 하며, 향후 공공보건을 위한 정책 수립시 기초자료로 활용이 가능하다.

Tank 배치를 고려한 유조선의 최소 중량 설계 (Minimum Weight Design of Oil Tankers Considering Tank Arrangement)

  • 장창두;나승수
    • 대한조선학회논문집
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.97-105
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    • 1996
  • 선체 중량이 최소가 되는 설계를 수행하기 위해서는 선체 중량이 최소가 되는 tank 배치의 결정이 선행되어야 하며, 결정된 tank 배치 내에서 선체 중량이 최소가 되는 구조 부재의 배치 및 치수를 결정하여야 한다. 선체 중량이 최소가 되는 tank 배치를 하기 위하여 저자들에 의해 개발된 선급 규정에 의한 종강도 부재의 최소 중량 설계 프로그램과 일반화 경사처짐법에 의한 횡강도 부재의 최소 중량 설계 프로그램을 결합하여 화물창부의 선각 중량을 구하였으며, 중량 추정 공식에 의해 횡격벽 및 선수미부 등의 중량을 구함으로서 선체 전체의 최소 중량 설계 프로그램을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서는 tank의 개수, web의 개수 및 종격벽의 위치 변화에 따른 선각 중량 변화를 알아보았으며, 실선 설계에 적용하고자 MARPOL을 만족하는 다양한 tank 배치를 결정하고 선체 전체의 최소 중량 설계를 수행하여 이들 중 선각 중량이 작게 되는 tank 배치를 구하였으며 실적선의 선각 중량과 비교 검토하였다.

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극지용 쇄빙 유조선 개발 (Development of an Arctic Tanker Design)

  • 김현수;하문근;안당;전호환
    • 대한조선학회논문집
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    • 제40권6호
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    • pp.20-29
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    • 2003
  • When Arctic offshore development in the 1970's first led to the consideration of ice capable tankers, there was a high level of uncertainty over design requirements for both safety and ship performance. Also here was a lack of reliable methods to evaluate design proposals. Since that time, improved understanding of the ice environment has raised the confidence of design specifications. Parallel developments have resulted in a suite of engineering tools for ship performance evaluation at the design stage Recent development of offshore and near shore oil and gas reserves in several countries together with economic studies of increased transportation through the Russian Arctic has newly introduced the interest in ice capable tanker design. in response, Samsung Heavy Industries (SHI) applied its experience in tanker design and construction to the design of a specialized tanker with ice capability. SHI produced two prototype hull designs for further study. The performance of both hulls and of the propellers was evaluated at the Institute for Marine Dynamics (IMD) in St. John's, Newfoundland This paper discusses the development of the design, describes the model experiments to determine performance and variations, and presents the results.

타력 증대가 저속 운항 선박의 조종성능에 미치는 영향에 관한 수치적 연구 (A Numerical Study on the Effects of Maneuverability of Ship with Low Forward Speed by Increasing Rudder Force)

  • 김현준;김상현;김동영;김인태;한지수
    • 대한조선학회논문집
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    • 제53권3호
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    • pp.217-227
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    • 2016
  • Recent accidents of crude oil tankers have resulted in sinking, grounding of vessels and significant levels of marine pollution. Therefore, International Maritime Organization (IMO) has been strengthening the regulations of ship maneuvering performance in MSC 137. The evaluation of maneuvering performance can be made at the early design stage; it can be investigated numerically or experimentally. The main objective of this paper was to investigate the maneuvering performance of a VLCC due to the increase of rudder force at an early design stage for low speed in shallow water conditions. It was simulated in various operating condition such as deep sea, shallow water, design speed and low speed by using the numerical maneuvering simulation model, developed using MMG maneuvering motion equation and KVLCC 2 (SIMMAN 2008 workshop). The effect of increasing the rudder force can be evaluated by using numerical simulation of turning test and ZIG-ZAG test. The research showed that, increasing the rudder force of a VLCC was more effective on improving the turning ability than improving the course changing ability especially. The improvement of turning ability by the rudder force increasing is most effective when the ship is sailing in shallow water at low forward speed.

폼모니터의 분사거리 예측을 위한 유동해석에 관한 연구 (Study of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Projection Distance Prediction of the Foam Monitor)

  • 류영춘;서부교;성정현;이영훈;박영철
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제15권10호
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    • pp.5939-5944
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    • 2014
  • 폼모니터는 유조선 또는 위험화학품 선적운반선의 화물구역 화재를 진압하기 위해 화물탱크 갑판 상에 필수적으로 설치되어 있는 장치이다. 일반적으로 폼모니터의 주요한 설계 변수는 폼모니터를 통해 분사되는 소방 수의 분사거리이다. 그러나 현재까지 산업계에서는 폼모니터의 분사거리에 대한 수치 해석적 접근 보다는 경험에 근거한 데이터를 바탕으로 설계하고 있다. 따라서 새로운 폼모니터의 형상 설계 시 많은 시간과 비용이 필요한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 폼모니터의 분사거리 예측에 대한 수치해석적인 방법을 제시하고 제안된 수치 해석 기법의 결과와 실험 데이터를 비교하여 제안된 해석 방법의 효용성을 검증하였다. 또한 설계 변경 된 폼모니터에 대하여 추가적인 수치해석을 통해 설계방안을 모색하였다.

실험계획법을 이용한 대형 선박용 레이더 마스트의 공진회피 설계 (Design Enhancement to Avoid Radar Mast Resonance in Large Ship using Design of Experiments)

  • 박준형;이대용;양정욱;송창용
    • 한국해양공학회지
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.50-60
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    • 2019
  • Recently, problems with excessive vibration of the radar masts of large bulk carriers and crude oil tankers have frequently been reported. This paper explores a design method to avoid the resonance of a radar mast installed on a large ship using various design of experiment (DOE) methods. A local vibration test was performed during an actual sea trial to determine the excitation sources of the vibration related to the resonant frequency of the radar mast. DOE methods such as the orthogonal array (OA) and Latin hypercube design (LHD) methods were used to analyze the Pareto effects on the radar mast vibration. In these DOE methods, the main vibration performances such as the natural frequency and weight of the radar mast were set as responses, while the shape and thickness of the main structural members of the radar mast were set as design factors. From the DOE-based Pareto effect results, we selected the significant structural members with the greatest influence on the vibration characteristics of the radar mast. Full factorial design (FFD) was applied to verify the Pareto effect results of the OA and LHD methods. The design of the main structural members of the radar mast to avoid resonance was reviewed, and a normal mode analysis was performed for each design using the finite element method. Based on the results of this normal mode analysis, we selected a design case that could avoid the resonance from the major excitation sources. In addition, a modal test was performed on the determined design to verify the normal mode analysis results.