• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1991

This study shows the correlation between $NO_x$ emission in the exhaust gas and various operation factors of dual fuel engine for Co-generation system. General tendency was shown that the thermal efficiency was lowered by the change of operation factors. However these were not confirmed on this experiment. Increasing T4 temperature (exhaust gas temperature at turbo-charger inlet) reduces $NO_x$ emission rate. The higher T4 temperature requires lower excess air as the excess air ratio is controlled by T4 temperature on gas mode operation. Another tendency was that $NO_x$ emission rate is reduced in case of increasing boost air temperature, quantity of pilot oil or bypassing flue gas through the exhaust gas boiler. The diameter of the fuel injection nozzle was changed smaller than design value and the injection timing was readjusted. Thus $NO_x$ emission rate could be reduced as retarding injection timing and changing hole diameter of fuel injection nozzle, however maxium engine out-put was decreased by changing fuel nozzle on the diesel mode operation.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1995년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.39-44
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• 1995

The gas nitro-carburizing treatment with the merits of carburizing and nitriding treatment is recently applied to transmission gears. the shafls of an engine oil pump and steering shafls. For all that, the researches of the gas nitro-carburizing treatment are short of the fatigue behavior and the evaluation of fatigue life. In this paer, it is examined for the effect of inclusions and hole defects with fatigue limit and the evaluation of the fatigue strengthaccording tothe hardness and resifualstress with the specimen of a notro-carburizing treatment.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.304-307
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• 2006

Recently, as the global warming by fossil fuels and the steep rise of the oil price become social issues, the interest for renewable energy producing system is increasing rapidly. Among these, the wind turbine is most highlighted because of its economic competitiveness. The tower is one of the main components of wind turbine, which occupying about 20% of overall turbine costs. The tower access door located to base part of the tower, is used to enter the tower. This is the main structural weak points because of door hole, weldment, etc. And so are the weldments between the cans and the flanges. In this study, for the top flange part of the tower, by FEM using ANSYS, we retrieved the maximum von Mises stress on that and carried out fatigue analysis using stresses at such weak points.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2004

This research is to determine the level of environmental pollution at a blasting construction area which is the origin of noise, vibration, and suspended particle, and to compare the results with other domestic and international standard data. This experiment is also to find out the effects resulting from blasting construction and to propose a plan that can decrease environmental pollution. The blasting construction area is a factory site which is about one and half million square meter and sewage disposal plant is about ninety thousand square meter. Both were selected as the areas for the tests to be conducted in determination test. The test to determine the level of noise, vibration, and total suspended particle was conducted thirty times around the blasting construction area by comparing measurement results and numerical analysis. However, as the test was not conducted in the laboratory but in the actual blasting construction area, it was not possible to do the test with the same exact conditions each true. Therefore, the test was not ideal as conditions could change from test to test. For the most part, the level of noise was below the standard level of 70dB. Every vibration test was under the standard limitation. For example, a house, 200m away was tested for noise and vibration and the level was found to be under the 0.2 cm/sec which is the standard for specialty designed cultural sites., i.e very low level. Also a buried oil pipeline that was 30m away also marked under 2.0cm/sec which is the norm for an industrial area. However, if there were an oil pipeline under the house, the amount of charging gunpowder per hole should be decreased compared to the amount used in the test. The test result for suspended particles under the standard limitation which is 24hour average 300$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ at a distance from blasting wavelength, but at detonator, total suspended particle from the blast origin exceeded the standard limitation. If explosion occurs when it detonates in the hole, most of the energy would be absorbed in the crushing of rocks, but some remaining energy would make noises and vibration inevitable. So the important thing is how to minimize the environmental pollution from the blasting. There should be regulations in order that the standard limitation is not exceeded, and to decrease the environmental pollution from the blasting.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2019

A calculation model of reservoir pressure field distribution around multiple production wells in a heavy oil reservoir is established, which can overcome the unreasonable uniform-pressure value calculated by the traditional mathematical model in the multiwell mining areas. A calculating program is developed based on the deduced equations by using Visual Basic computer language. Based on the proposed mathematical model, the effects of drainage rate and formation permeability on the distribution of reservoir pressure are studied. Results show that the reservoir pressure drops most at the wellbore. The farther the distance away from the borehole, the sparser the isobaric lines distribute. Increasing drainage rate results in decreasing reservoir pressure and bottom-hole pressure, especially the latter. The permeability has a significant effect on bottom hole pressure. The study provides a reference basis for studying the dynamic pressure field distribution before thermal recovery technology in heavy oilfield and optimizing construction parameters.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.428-436
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the use of sugar alcohols (sorbitol, erythritol, and xylitol) as alternative sweeteners for replacing sucrose in Yukwa (traditional Korean oil-puffed rice snack). The moisture contents of Bandegi (dried Yukwa dough) and Yukwa containing sugar alcohols were higher than that of control (containing only sucrose). The microstructures of control and Bandegi containing sugar alcohols showed uniformly and finely distributed air holes. Expansion ratio and oil absorption of Yukwa containing sorbitol and 30% erythritol were higher than those of control. Appearance and cross section of control and Yukwa containing sorbitol, 30% erythritol, and 30% xylitol showed a good shape. The lightness (L) of control was significantly lower than Yukwa containing sugar alcohols, whereas redness (a) and yellowness (b) were higher than those in Yukwa containing sugar alcohols. Hardness of Yukwa containing sugar alcohols was significantly lower than that of control, and that of Yukwa containing sorbitol was the lowest. Peak number of Yukwa containing sugar alcohols was significantly lower than that of control, and that of Yukwa containing 60% erythritol and 60% xylitol was the lowest among all samples. In the sensory evaluation, color of control was deepest, whereas that of Yukwa containing 60% xylitol was lightest. Volume and air hole uniformity of Yukwa containing 60% erythritol and 60% xylitol were inferior than those of other samples. Sweetness of Yukwa containing sugar alcohols was lower than that of control, whereas oily flavor was stronger. Hardness of Yukwa containing sugar alcohols was lower than that of control, and Yukwa containing xylitol showed the lowest hardness among the samples. Crispness of Yukwa containing sugar alcohols was lower than that of control. There were no significant differences in overall acceptability between control and Yukwa containing 30% sorbitol and 30% erythritol. Overall, sorbitol and erythritol were appropriate as a 30% replacement for sucrose when preparing Yukwa.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.185-192
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• 1980

원유 비축시설 건설을 위한 예비조사로서 지표지질조사, 탄성파탐사 및 시추조사를 실시하고, 그 결과를 종합분석하여 본보고서를 작성하였다. 본지역의 지질은 백악기의 중성화산암류인 안산암과 이를 관입한 후기 백악기의 불국사통에 속하는 섬장암과 반화강암으로 구성되어 있으며, 절리는 불규칙적이기는 하지만 $N10^{\circ}{\sim}60^{\circ}E$, $70^{\circ}SE$ 내지 수직이 우세하다. 탄성파 탐사결과에 의하면, 본조사지역 동반부에 남북방향의 저속도대가 발달하고 있음을 확인하였으며, 지층별 추정탄성파속도를 요약하면 표토층, 200~800m/sec; 상부풍화대 500~1000 m/sec; 하부풍화대와 연암, 1000~3000 m/sec; 경암, 3000m/sec 이상이다. 시추결과에 따르면, 안산암은 매우강하고, 치밀하고, 암심회수율과 RQD는 거의 100%에 달하고 있었다. 섬장암의 분포지역은 절리가 발달해 있었고, 55~63m (DH-2 hole) 구간에 특히 발달되어 있었다. 수압시험은 double packer를 이용하여, 공저에서 부터 매 2m 간격으로 $5kg/cm^2$와 $10kg/cm^2$의 압력으로 수압시험을 실시하였으며, 누수현상이 일어나는 구간은 $5kg/cm^2$ 이하의 압력으로 실시하여 매구간별 투수계수를 구했다. DH-1 hole의 경우 자연수위는 지표하 9m였고, 38~40m 까지는 투수계수가 $3.77{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}6.44{\times}10^{-4}cm/sec$에 이르며 48~70m 구간까지는 $10kg/cm^2$의 수압하에서 전혀 누수현상이 발생하지 않았으며, 매우 견고한 암석임을 임시하고 있다. DH-2 hole 의 경우, 파쇄 및 년층작용으로 본구간의 투수계수는 $1.86{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}2.5{\times}10^{-4}cm/sec$를 나타내고 있다. 현재까지 조사된 결과로 보면, 서반부에 발달한 계곡을 따라 선장암체가 심히교란되어, 본지역을 피하여 지하비축 구조물이 설치되어야 할것으로 사료된다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.12-24
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• 1998

The paper presents the mechanism of secondary flows and the associated total pressure losses occurring in turbine cascades with turning angle of about 127 and 77 degree. Velocity and pressure measurements are taken in seven traverse planes through the cascade passage using a prism type five hole probe. Oil-film flow visualization is also conducted on blade and endwall surfaces. The characteristics of the limiting streamlines show that the three dimensional separation is an important flow feature of endwall and blade surfaces. The larger turning results in much stronger contribution of the secondary flows to the loss developing mechanism. A large part of the endwall loss region at downstream pressure side is found to be very thin when compared to that of the cascade inlet and suction side endwall. Evolution of overall loss starts quite early within the cascade and the rate of the loss growth is much larger in the blade of large turning angle than in the blade of small turning angle.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
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• pp.545-552
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• 2008

To insure the quality and safety of ground anchors, pull-out test of anchor has to be done. In the individually controlled pull-out test system, pull-out device is used to introduce the same pull-out force to individual tendon that has a different length and a deflection. That is, that device has a separate pull-out oil jack to each tendon, thus the pull-out length of each jack is not the same, but that device introduces each tendon to the same pull-out force. In this study, the in-situ pull-out tests for the compression anchors were performed and its test results were analysed and compared to the results of center hole pull-out tests. In the case of pulling out each tendon using the individually controlled pull-out test device, the pull-out forces were distributed to a individual tendon. That device is excellent one that can solve the cause of unequal pull-out forces of each tendon appearing in the manufacture process and construction of anchors, and unequal pull-out forces due to the deferent length.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.784-795
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• 1995

This paper represents the results of the experiments of the three-dimensional flow and the aerodynamic loss caused by the three-dimensional flow within the plane bucket blades. To research the secondary flow and the aerodynamic loss, the large-scale plane bucket blade of lst-stage in the low pressure steam turbine is made of FRP. The detailed investigation of the secondary flow and the aerodynamic loss using 5-hole pressure probe within turbine cascade has been carried out in the low speed wind tunnel. The limiting streamlines of the suction and endwall surface have been visualized by the oil film method. The flow visualization of the secondary flow has been performed by the laser light sheet technique and image processing system. By using the method mentioned above, it is possible to observe the evolution of the pitchwise mass-averaged flow deviation angle and total pressure loss coefficient, the secondary flow, and the aerodynamic loss through the cascade.