• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.29-32
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• 2014

Few articles have been written about the flexor tendon sheath ganglion in the finger, especially, between A1 pulley and A2 pulley. We report on rare cases of flexor tendon sheath ganglion with one symptomatic and two asymptomatic. All masses were evaluated using real-time ultrasonography and well-defined anechoic cystic lesions with posterior enhancement were observed. A 17-year-old female had a small mass at the 4th metacarpophalageal joint of her right hand, with pain and triggering. The patient underwent simple excision and a ganglion measuring $1.0{\times}0.8$ cm in size was derived from Camper's chiasm, between A1 pulley and A2 pulley. In two asymptomatic cases, ganglia measuring less than 0.5 cm in size observed. Based on our experience, real-time ultrasonography would be an excellent diagnostic modality in determining the treatment method in flexor tendon sheath ganglia, and surgical excision is recommended in symptomatic, especially triggering patients.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2013

This study aims to investigate changes in plasma lipid concentrations and appetite-regulating hormone levels after a 4% body fat reduction using a 9-week intervention involving aerobic exercise, a fat-oxidizing agent, and diet limitation. After the 9-week intervention, the aerobic exercise plus hydroxycitric acid (EX+HCA), exercise (EX), and diet limitation (DIET) groups achieved the target 4% body fat reduction from the baseline value. None of the plasma lipid indicators showed significant intergroup differences, indicating that plasma lipid levels are not influenced by body weight regulation. With regard to appetite-regulating hormones, no significant intergroup differences were observed in glucose, insulin, or glucagon-like peptide-1 levels, unlike ghrelin and leptin. Ghrelin levels in particular tended to decrease in the DIET group and increase in the HCA+EX and EX groups. Leptin levels significantly decreased in the HCA+EX and EX groups, whereas no differences were observed in the DIET group. Such results indicate that exercise alone without the administration of obesity diet supplements induces elevation in ghrelin levels and reduction in leptin levels, but that diet restriction alone does not influence changes in leptin levels. Taken together, we could not confirm any synergic effects arising from the use of a fat-oxidizing agent during an exercise program to control body weight. Furthermore, diet limitation unsupported by exercise had no effect on muscle mass reduction or appetite-regulating hormone levels; thus, it is not recommended as an effective body weight control method.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.219-229
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• 1991

The longitudinal changes on human milk volume per day and lactational performance of 23 Korean lacto-ovo-vegetarians(primiparae=11, multiparae=12) from 0.5 to 5 months after parturition have been studied by test weighing method. The human milk volume per day tended to increase during lactation. The mean volume (SD, ml/day) at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 months were 502(102), 692(127), 697(100), 684( 125), 757(52), 703(70), respectively. The overall mean volume was 661$\pm$132ml/day. The peak milk volume during the lactation was observed at most lactating women at the 1st month. The distributions of the individual mean volume during the first 5 months of lactation were found over 750m1(8.7% ), 650-750ml(47.9% ), 550-650m1(2l.7% ), and 450-550ml(2l.7% ) The number of feeding per day was 8.1 ($\pm$1.0) at 0.5 months postpartum, which was consistently decreased. However, the mean volume per feeding was increased from 62($\pm$9.5)ml at 0.5 month to 112($\pm$13.3)ml at 5 months postpartum. The milk volume was correlated with the peak volume. and maternal age. but not with weight before delivery. maternal height and birth weight. No differences of milk volume and lactational performance between facto-ovo-vegetarian and nonvegetarian women were observed. This study suggests that the human milk volume cited in the recommended dietary allowances for Koreitns is over estimated.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.12-15
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• 2004

Groundwater contamination susceptibility studies have many advantages in groundwater monitoring, management and future planning. Several methods have been developed and applied to the groundwater regime through out the world. However, each and every method has some limitations. In this study, a detailed review was carried out about the already existing methods for groundwater contamination susceptibility studies. Additionally, a new parameter called mineral dissolution factor is recommended for groundwater contamination susceptibility studies. This parameter is applied for groundwate contamination susceptibility studies in Namwon area, Korea. The result of this approach suggests that mineral dissolution parameter could overcome the limitations as observed in the earlier methods.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2009

Purpose: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) lifting equation (NLE) is a useful tool to ergonomically analyze a workload. The NLE has high reliability and it can assess tasks by analyzing the work process. The purpose of this case study was to try using the NLE to analyze the workload of transferring patients by physical therapists in the hospital setting. Methods: We observed a physical therapist (PT) transferring patients from a wheelchair to a tilt table and a therapeutic table in one day. Two types of patient transferring methods were evaluated; (1) the manual single person method of stand, pivot and transfer, and (2) manual two person lifting under the thigh and grasping the waist for totally dependent patients. Results: The NIOSH lifting indexes of a person grasping the waist during the manual two person lifting were 5.52~4.48 according to the patient's weight. The NIOSH lifting indexes were 3.34 and 4.48 for the tasks performed by the manual single person method. Conclusion: Because transferring patients is not done very frequently, patients transferring tasks by a PT are not included as one of the musculoskeletal disorder related risky work criteria of the Korea Ministry of Labor. But the NIOSH lifting indexes of a person grasping the waist during the manual two person lifting and the manual single person method were over the NIOSH recommended weight limit threshold.

• 지구물리
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.59-68
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• 1998

지하 투과 레이다를 이용한, 지하 매설물의 감지 여부 및 반사 신호 특성을 규명하기 위하여 모래 모형조 실험을 수행하였다. 매설물의 직경과 매립 심도의 비율은 최대 24 %, 최소 4 %로 다양하게 설정되었으며, 매설물의 재질은 금속제, 합성수지 및 목재가 사용되었다. 실험 결과, 지하수면이 매설물 하부에 위치한 경우, 목재를 제외한 모든 매설물이 심도와 직경에 상관없이 강한 반사파를 보여 주었다. 한편, 지하수면이 매설물 상부에 위치한 경우, 지하레이다를 이용한 매설물 감지가 매우 어려웠다. 그러나 이 경우에도 모형 탱크의 바닥에서의 반사 신호는 뚜렷이 감지되었으며, 이는 단순히 전자기파의 감쇠 이외에 타 요소가 매설물의 반사파 신호 발생을 저하시키는 것으로 사료된다. 본 실험 결과, 현장에서 단순히 매설물의 수평적인 위치를 감지하려고 할 경우, 수직 반사 방식의 지하레이다 조사가 경제적, 시간적으로 효율적이지만, 매설물의 수직위치, 지층의 전자기파 투과 속도, 지하수면 조사 등, 정밀한 지하 정보 획득을 목적으로 하는 경우, 적어도 부분적인 공심점 자료를 획득 할 수 있는 방식의 조사가 수행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Hydrosciences
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• 제4권
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• pp.21-32
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• 1993

The estimates of both runoff depth and peak runoff by the basin runoff curve numbers, which are CN-II for antecedent moisture condition- II and CN -III for antecedent moisture condition-III, obtained from hydrological soil-cover complexes of 26 watersheds are investigated by making use of the observed curve numbers, which are median curve number and optimum curve number, computed from 250 rainfall-runoff records. For gaged basins the median curve numbers are recommended for the estimation of both runoff depth and peak runoff. For ungaged basin, found is that for the estimate of runoff depth CN-II is adequate and for peak runoff CN-II is suitable. Also investigated is the variation of the runoff curves during storms. By the variable runoff curve numbers, the prediction of runoff depth and peak runoff can be improved slightly.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.103-109
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• 1990

The application of the Log-Pearson Type m distribution recommended by Water Resources Council, U. S. A. for flood frequency analysis requires the estimation of the regionalized skew coefficient. In this study, regionalized skew coefficients are estimated using a weighted regression model which relates at-site skews based on logarithms of observed annual flood peak series to both basin characteristics and precipitation data in the Han river and the Nakdong river basin. The model is developed with weighted least squares method in which the weights are determined by separating residual variance into that due to model error and due to sampling error. As the result of analysis, regionalized skews are estimated as - 0.732 and - 0.575 in the Han river and the Nakdong river basin, respectively.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.823-828
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the suitability of the released water (RW) method for measuring water-holding capacity (WHC) by pressure and filter-paper absorption within two thin plastic films. One hundred fifty pork loins with considerable variations in WHC (three pork qualities: PSE, pale, soft, and exudative; RFN, reddish-pink, firm, and nonexudative; and DFD, dark, firm, and dry; 50 pork loins in each pork quality group) were used to measure drip loss (DL)% and RW % after applying different loads (1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 kg). Percentages of DL and RW were significantly (p<0.05) different among pork quality groups. The RW % of 2.5 kg load sample was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of 2.0 kg or 1.5 kg load sample. However, there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in RW % among 2.5 kg, 3.0 kg, and 3.5 kg load samples for all three pork quality groups. The RW % was highly and positively correlated (r>0.95; p<0.001) with DL %. The highest correlation was observed between DL % and RW % of 2.5 kg load sample (r=0.97; p<0.001). Among all RW loads within each quality groups, the highest correlation between DL % and RW % was observed for 2.5 kg load sample (r=0.43, 0.66, and 0.46 for PSE, RFN and DFD quality groups, respectively, p<0.001). These results imply that applying 2.5 kg load is the best for determination of RW %. It is recommended as a reference method to assess DL % of pork muscles.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.200-211
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• 1995

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of temperature and humidity on the sampling efficiency of mixed organic vapors of l,2-DCE, benzene, and MIBK by 3 different types of diffusion monitors. Independent variables used for the study were temperatures ($25^{\circ}C$, $35^{\circ}C$), humidities (30%, 80%), and vapor concentrations (low, medium, and high). In addition, vapor concentrations measured by the traditional charcoal tube method were used as reference values and were compared with those of by diffusion monitors. The results were as follows: 1. The desorption efficiencies(DE) of 1,2-DCE and benzene from charcoal tubes and from diffusion monitors ranged from 98% to 105%. In contrast, the DEs of MIBK from charcoal tubes and diffusion monitors except DM1 ranged from 71% to 85%. The DE of MIBK from DM1 was 98%. 2. No statistically significant differences of 1,2-DCE concentrations and the sampling efficiencies regardless of temperatures and humidities studied between charcoal tube and 3 diffusion monitors were found. 3. At 80% humidity, increasing frequencies of 1,2-DCE breakthrough at higher temperature and higher vapor concentration measured by charcoal tubes were observed. 4. No statistically significant difference of benzene concentrations were found between charcoal tube and diffusion monitors except DM3. The sampling efficiencies of DM3 were statistically significantly lower at all experimental conditions except the $35^{\circ}C$ and 30% humidity condition. 5. No statistically significant difference of MIBK concentrations were found between charcoal tube and diffusion monitors except DM3. The sampling efficiencies of DM3 were statistically significantly higher at higher humidity conditions regardless of temperature. Although statistically not significant, sampling efficiency of MIBK showed positive correlation with humidity while negative correlation with concentration was observed. 6. For sampling 1,2-DCE and benzene, no significant variations of concentrations among three diffusion monitors regardless of temperature and humidity conditions were found. For MIBK sampling, however, wide variations with increasing humidity among diffusion monitors were obtained. In conclusion, this study suggests that diffusion monitors will be a reasonables substitute for the traditional charcoal tubes for sampling non-polar organic vapors at temperature and humidity conditions studied. For polar organic vapors, use of an alternative desorption solution other than CS2 is recommended because of its low desorption efficiency. In addition, since variable among diffusion monitors for polar organic vapors particularly at higher humidity conditions were observed, further study is recommended of the effects of humidity on the performance of diffusion monitors.