• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.292-300
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate weight control behavior and obesity stress of college women. The data were collected from September 7 to September 13 of 2013 and the subjects were 213 college women in C city of Gyoung-nam Province. The data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 program using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test. The score of obesity stress was moderate($18.26{\pm}5.66$). The level of obesity stress was affected by various general characteristics and weight control behavior characteristics including economic status(F=3.99, p=0.020), figure recognition(F=14.41, p<.001), satisfaction of body figure(F=15.88, p<.001), interest of weight control(F=4.82, p=.001), control of food amount(F=2.41, p=.050), body figure compulsion(F=24.06, p<.001), experience of dieting (F=6.04, p<.001), sleeping hours(t=2.10, p=.036), desired losing weight (F=10.47, p<.001). Therefore, it is necessary to be considered these variables during development of body weight control programs for college women.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.155-167
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• 2009

Objectives : Psychological comorbidities are high in patients with obesity and are associated with a variety of medical and dietary problems. This study aims to examine the association between psychological factors and obesity. Methods : This study was performed in pre-menopausal obese($BMI{\geq}25kg/m^2$, waist circumference ${\geq}85cm$) women in Seoul, in 2008 (n=35). Every patient underwent the obesity treatment program. The program included dietary and exercise education, and abdominal mesotherapy for 6 weeks. Simple anthropometry including weight, BMI and Computed Tomography (CT) including Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and Visceral adipose tissue/Subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio (VSR) were done. To assess psychological factors, the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (SES) questionnaire, Beck depression inventory (BDI) questionnaire and stress response inventory(SRI) questionnaire were administered. Results : 1. All of the obesity indicators (except VSR) decreased significantly after the obesity treatment program. 2. There was a significant relationship between self esteem (SES score) and visceral obesity (VAT and VSR) measured at the end of the program. 3. During the intervention, the more weight, BMI, and subcutaneous adipose tissue decreased, the more self-esteem (SES) increased. There was no relationship between depression (BDI) and obesity. And the change in stress response (SRI) was associated with the change of deep subcutaneous adipose tissue and total abdominal adipose tissue. Conclusions : This study proves that visceral obesity may contribute to low self-esteem, and there is a possibility that the other psychological factors could also be related with obesity in Korean obese women. Individualised antiobesity therapy may be required depending on the patient's psychological characteristics and weight loss could be helpful in order to treat psychological problem in obese patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2016

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to check the obesity of middle and high school students in the nation and identify factors influencing their obesity. Methods: The present study is a secondary analysis research that obtained permission to use the primitive data of 10th (2014) Online Survey on Adolescents' Health Behaviors by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and analyzed the primitive data according to the purposes. Results: The findings show that the BMI of middle and high school students in the nation was $20.7kg/m^2$ with the obesity and non-obesity group recording $27.0kg/m^2$ and $19.9kg/m^2$, respectively. Factors influencing the obesity of adolescents include gender, grade, educational background of parent, school grades for the last 12 months, satisfaction with sleep, fast food consumption, ramen consumption, intense and muscle exercise three times a week or more, subjective sense of health, stress, suicidal ideation, and hours of Internet usage per week. Conclusion: For the management of adolescent obesity, there is a need for obesity management programs taking the characteristics of male students into consideration. The possibilities of obesity grow according to the grades, which means that both the teachers and parents should offer more guidance on weight control in upper grades. The adjustment of adolescent obesity requires psychological health management including stress and suicidal ideation as well as diet control and exercise. It is also needed to apply a stepwise obesity management program according to the hours of internet usage and dependence on the internet

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.567-577
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• 2017

Obesity is known to induce inhibition of glucose uptake, reduction of lipid metabolism, and progressive loss of skeletal muscle function, which are all associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that regulate cellular metabolism and bioenergetics, including ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation. Due to these critical roles of mitochondria, mitochondrial dysfunction results in various diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Obesity is associated with impairment of mitochondrial function (e.g., decrease in $O_2$ respiration and increase in oxidative stress) in skeletal muscle. The balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission is critical to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis in skeletal muscle. Obesity impairs mitochondrial dynamics, leading to an unbalance between fusion and fission by favorably shifting fission or reducing fusion proteins. Mitophagy is the catabolic process of damaged or unnecessary mitochondria. Obesity reduces mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle and increases accumulation of dysfunctional cellular organelles, suggesting that mitophagy does not work properly in obesity. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are reported to trigger apoptosis, and mitochondrial apoptosis is induced by obesity in skeletal muscle. It is well known that exercise is the most effective intervention to protect against obesity. Although the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which exercise protects against obesity-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle are not clearly elucidated, exercise training attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction, allows mitochondria to maintain the balance between mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, and reduces apoptotic signaling in obese skeletal muscle.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.438-448
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• 2016

This study was conducted to identify factors influencing the weight control behavior of college students. The subjects included college students in the C area, and data were collected through a self reported structured questionnaire from Dec 01 to 20 of 2015. Overall, 289 subjects were analyzed. Analyses consisted of descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The findings showed a prominent distortion of college students' perceptions of their bodies based on evaluation by others and obesity stress, which had special impacts on their weight control behavior. Weight control behavior, body self-awareness (r=.31, p<0.001), assessment of body by others (r=.30, p<0.001), and obesity stress (r=.43, p<0.001) were closely related to their weight control behavior. Stepwise multiple regression revealed that their weight control behavior was closely influenced by obesity stress (${\beta}=.37$, p<0.001) and assessment of body by others (${\beta}=.15$, p=0.009). These variables accounted for 20% of the weight control behavior (F=37.30, p<0.001). Overall, assessment of body by others and obesity stress were found to be predictors of their weight control behavior. These findings indicate that it is necessary to develop and implement information programs and design appropriate prevention programs that can induce healthy weight control behaviors. Such programs should include health education, as well as intervention programs to identify such predictors and help college students judge and perceive their body shapes objectively so that they control their weight in a proper manner.

• BMB Reports
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2018

Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) 2a-knockout (KO) mice exhibit accelerated diet-induced obesity and are resistant to leptin-mediated adipostatic signaling from the hypothalamus to adipose tissue, with sustained food intake. However, the impact of Epac2a deficiency on hypothalamic regulation of sympathetic nervous activity (SNA) has not been elucidated. This study was performed to elucidate the response of Epac2a-KO mice to dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy and acute cold stress. Compared to age-matched wild-type mice, Epac2a-KO mice showed higher energy expenditures and expression of myogenin and uncoupling protein-1 in skeletal muscle (SM) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), respectively. Epac2a-KO mice exhibited greater endurance to dexamethasone and cold stress. In wild-type mice, exogenous leptin mimicked the responses observed in Epac2a-KO mice. This suggests that leptin-mediated hypothalamic signaling toward SNA appears to be intact in these mice. Hence, the potentiated responses of SM and BAT may be due to their high plasma leptin levels.

• Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.191-196
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• 2018

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cancer are serious health problems worldwide, and their prevalences have been on the rise in recent years. It has been reported that adropin plays an important role in the development of T2DM, oxidative stress, inflammation, and obesity. However, there is limited information available on T2DM from human studies, especially for the Korean population. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between adropin levels and obesity of Korean T2DM patients. Methods: Thirty-six T2DM patients were recruited for this study. The participants were further classified into female (n = 12) and male (n = 24). Their body composition, metabolic parameters, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress were measured. Results: The severity of obesity is more manifested in male than in female. Plasma triglyceride (TG) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels of male were significantly higher than female. The plasma adropin and adiponectin level of female was significantly higher than male. The body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat mass were negatively correlated with the plasma adropin level in female, whereas adropin has positive correlation with adiponectin in female. The hs-CRP was negatively correlated with the plasma adropin level in female and male. malondialdehyde, reactive oxidative species, and $TNF-{\alpha}$ was not significantly correlated with adropin in patients with T2DM. Conclusions: These findings suggest that adropin may be more used as a biomarker for predicting the risk of obesity and inflammation in Korean patients with T2DM, especially women.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.94-112
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• 2007

1. Backgrounds and Aims Human being is divided into 4 constitution types(Taeyangin, Soyangin, Taeumin, and Soumin). According to Sasang Constitutional Medicine[SCM] Each constitution has its own incidence, treatment and prevention of disease. The purpose of this study is to find the relation of dietary habits, life styles and Psychosocial stress with obesity in each Sasang Constitution. 2. Methods 975 subjects who have received health examinations and diagnosis of Sasang Constitution at Kyung-hee Medical Center were divided into each constitutional group. Each constitutional group was then divided into obese group and normal group. We evaluated risk factors of obesity such as dietary habits, life styles, and Psychosocial stress. These data were statistically analysed to investigate the relations between risk factors and obesity. And then significant factors were analysed by multinomial logistic regression analysis to get each odds ratio. 3. Results In a multinomial logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and sex, promotion of appetite and overeating or excessive diet elevated risks of obesity in Taeumin, promotion of appetite and high speed of diet elevated risks of obesity in Soyangin, and Psychosocial stress elevated risks of obesity in Soeumin. 4. Conclusions The results suggest that promotion of appetite and overeating or excessive diet may be major risk factors for obesity in Taeumin, promotion of appetite and high speed of diet in Soyangin and Psychosocial stress and dyschezia in Soeumin.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.76-86
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of study was to examine the relationship between obesity and its associated factors (psychiatric symptom, duration of illness, type of medication, physical activity, dietary habits, depressive symptom, and stress) in patients with chronic mental illness registered to community mental health welfare centers. Methods: This was a cross-sectional correlation study using a convenience sampling. A total of 392 participants were recruited from community mental health welfare centers. The obtained data were analyzed using binary and multinomial logistic regression. Results: Atypical antipsychotic medication, duration of illness, dietary habits (overeating, and drinking instant coffee) were significantly contributed variables into body mass index (BMI) obesity. Atypical antipsychotic medication and instant coffee were significantly related to abdominal obesity. Conclusion: These results emphasized the needs of tailored obesity-preventive management for the community-dwelling patients with chronic mental illness, topically focusing on the administration of atypical antipsychotic medication, duration of illness, and dietary habits.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.23-34
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• 2003

Objective : In 2001, the rate of obesity in Korea reached 30.6%. There are many therapeutic ways to reduce body weight, such as low and very low calorie diet, exercise therapy, behavior modification therapy, etc. However, in many cases the patients feel stress under obesity treatment because of starvation. This study was aimed to evaluate the anti-starvation stress effect of Coicis Semen on mice. Methods : First, the mice were divided into 6 groups : Normal (group with no starvation), Control (administrated normal saline 6 times before starting 36 hours starvation), and Samples A, B, C, and D (administrated 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0 g/kg Coicis Semen respectively 6 times before starting 36 hours starvation). Then the plasma corticosterone level and rectal temperature were measured. The norepinephrine, dopamine, DOPAC (dihydroxy-phenylacetic acid), 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) and 5- HIAA (5-hydroxy-indole-acetic acid) in the hypothalamus were measured by the HPLC method. Result : I. The rectal temperature in Sample group D showed a significant difference (P<0.05) compared with the Control group. 2. The DOPAC in Sample groups A, C and D showed the significant difference (P<0.05) compared with the Control group. Conclusion : It might be recognized that Coicis Semen has an anti-starvation stress effect.