• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.993-1002
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• 2009

The object of this study was to evaluate the single dose toxicity of Taeumjowui-tang(TUJWT), a polyherbal formula have been traditionally used as prevention or treatment agent for obesity, in male and female mice. Aqueous extracts of TUJWT (Yield = 10.5%) was administered to female and male ICR mice as an oral dose of 2000, 1000 and 500 mg/kg (body wt.) according to the recommendation of KFDA Guidelines. Animals were monitored for the mortality and changes in body weight, clinical signs and gross observation during 14 days after dosing, upon necropsy, organ weight and histopathology of 12 principle organs were examined. As results, we could not find any mortality, clinical signs, and changes in the body and organ weight except for diarrhea restricted in TUJWT 2000 mg/kg treated one male mouse at 1 day after administration, and increases of popliteal lymph node weights in all TUJWT administered groups. In addition, no TUJWT-treatment related abnormal gross findings and changes in histopathology of principle organs were detected except for increases of the frequency of hypertrophy and hyperplasia of lymphoid cells in the popliteal lymph nodes in all TUJWT treatment groups with some sporadic accidental findings. These increases of popliteal lymph node weights with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of lymphoid cells were considered that related to the immune modulate effect of TUJWT not toxicological signs. The results obtained in this study suggest that the TUJWT does not cause any toxicological signs. The 50% lethal dose and approximate lethal dose of TUJWT aqueous extracts in both female and male mice were considered as over 2000 mg/kg.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.161-175
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• 2011

This study examined students' menu preferences as well as the job satisfaction and specific considerations concerning foodservice operation of dieticians and nutrition teachers at special schools for the disabled. Semi-structured interview questionnaires were sent to all of the 21 special schools with direct school food service in Gyeonggi-do, and 16 dieticians and nutrition teachers agreed to participate in this study. Among the various menu groups, the subjects perceived the meat group as the most preferred and the vegetable group the least preferred. They were generally satisfactory with their job and duty, and had a strong sense of belonging to the school. However, most of them answered that they needed more time for nutritional education and counseling. While most had pride and pleasure in their job, they expressed a desire to change the system to better fit with their roles as professional nutritionists. The content analysis revealed that the subjects mainly focused on safety issues in planning the food menu and were thus limited in selecting menu items. They also felt difficulty in menu planning due to various tastes and preferences, since special schools tend to consist of a wider grade range. However, most subjects reported little trouble in food distribution and food leftovers owing to practical support from teachers and parents. The necessity for education concerning table manners and obesity prevention was generally a shared opinion, and education programs for parents were also perceived as necessary to better understand the special considerations for developing proper eating habits in their child. The study findings provide useful basic data to improve the foodservice system at special schools.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.271-282
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• 2005

This study analyzed the physical indices, food habits and nutrient intakes of patients with hypertension, to provide better research data for the prevention and the cure for disease as well as basic data for nutrition education. The subjects were 44 patients who visited the general hospital, located in Daegu, to receive hypertension treatment The lifestyle, food habit, nutrient intakes, anthropometric measurements, body fat and blood pressure were measured as main indices. By the BMI, $72.8\%$ of the patients were over weight or obesity $(>23\;kg/m^2)$. In the male group, the WHR tended to increase according to the BMI (p<0.05). In the female group, the body fat tended to increase according to the BMI (p<0.05). The group with more monthly income showed lower systolic blood pressure than the group with smaller monthly income (p<0.05). The scores about food habits concerning balanced diet and preference for salt were low, which implied that food habits of subjects were not desirable. The intakes of riboflavin and calcium didn't meet the RDA requirements. Especially, the lack of calcium was more ap~nt in the female patients than the male ones. Despite this, they had more than enough protein, vitamin C, and iron. The physical indices according to blood pressure revealed that the group of higher blood pressure showed greater WHR (p<0.001). The male group with higher systolic blood pressure showed greater BMI than one with lower systolic blood pressure (p<0.05). As for nutrient intakes according to blood pressure, the group with higher blood pressure had more sodium and iron than one with lower blood pressure (p<0.05). The patients with hypertension tended to be more overweight or obese, preferred salty foods, and were in an unbalanced state of nutrient intakes. Thus more systematic and ongoing measures should be pursued to take care of patients with hypertension.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.442-453
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• 2014

Objectives: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are known to be the detrimental chemicals in the body, even at low levels, and are stored in adipose tissue. Recently, POPs have been reported to be associated with chronic diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disease, and aging and obesity are reported as common factors in chronic disease. However, there have been only a few studies on the associations of POPs with age and body mass index (BMI) in Korea. Therefore, we analyzed the associations of serum POPs levels with age and BMI in Korea. Methods: This cross-sectional study includes 444 subjects (253 men and 191 women) from the Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (2004-2011). Serum levels of 33 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 19 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were measured by a gas chromatographer (Agilent 6890) coupled to high resolution mass spectrometer (JEOL JMS-800D). Results: Concentrations of PCB 153 (men: 12.26 ng/g lipid, women: 10.50 ng/g lipid) and p,p'-DDE (men: 94.66 ng/g lipid, women: 96.66 ng/g lipid) were the highest among serum PCBs and OCPs, respectively. PCBs and OCPs were significantly positively correlated with age in both sexes. After adjustment for age, non-dioxin like PCBs were significantly negatively correlated with body mass in women. However, cis-heptachlor epoxide was significantly positively correlated with body mass index in both sexes. When analyzed by sex, stronger associations were shown between POPs and age in men and POPs and BMI in women. Conclusion: These results may provide baseline data for the study of POPs and for the health management field in Korea.

• CELLMED
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.8.1-8.7
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• 2017

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the major diseases of the urinary system in older men. WSY-0702 is the extracted from the traditional medicinal plant; Seoritae, and it has effects of anti-obesity, chronic cervical pain, and anti-oxidant. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of WSY-0702 in the prevention and treatment of BPH. Several parameters including inflammatory mediators, hormones, and oxidative stress (OS) have been considered to play a role in the development of BPH. Prostate tissue damage and OS may lead to compensatory cellular proliferation with resulting hyperplastic growth. An in vitro study showed that proliferation inhibited the human prostate epithelial cell line RWPE-1 in a dose-dependent manner. In cell line, the cell cycle at the G2/M and G0/G1 phase and downregulated the expression of CyclineB1 (CCNB1) and CyclineD1 (CCND1). In addition, we measured the $H_2O_2$-induced OS damage using RWPE-1 cells. We examined the relative expression of protein involved in the regulation of prostate apoptosis: transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}$, a negative growth factor able to induced prostate apoptosis under physiological conditions. These results suggest that WSY-0702 that can inhibit the growth of prostate epithelial cell by a mechanism that may involve arresting the cell cycle and downregulating CCNB1 and CCND1 expression. In addition, WSY-0702 exposure resulted in significant protective effects in $H_2O_2$-stressed PWPE-1 cells by reduction in TGF-${\beta}$ levels.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.270-280
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the effects oi nutrition education program in physical health, nutritional status and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the Elderly in Seoul. Nutrition education program was consisted of healthy eating, prevention and diet therapy of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis. Seventy eight free-living elderly people (13 male, 65 female), aged ${\geq}60 $ years participated in this program. Before and after nutrition education program, we surveyed the general characteristics, physical health, general health, nutrition status, and health-related quality of life to the subjects. All the subjects were divided into program completers (N=47) and noncompleters (N=31). All the data were analyzed by student t-test, chi-square test, paired t-test, and marginal homogeneity test using SPSS 9.0 version at p<0.05. After nutrition education program, physical activity and ADL maintained, however IADL improved in program noncompleters. In eating habits, 'slow eating' significantly improved in program completers in program completers. Nutrition knowledge and recognition scores were significantly increased in both groups, and accuracy score was significantly increased in program completers. However, nutrient-intakes of %RDA were not significantly changed in both groups, and it seemed to be more influenced by other factors such as 'family income' or 'family type' than by the nutrition education program. In HRQoL, social functioning was improved after nutrition education program in both groups (p<0.05). The nutrition education program has more effects on the program completers than on the noncompleters, and it is also needed social supports for the Elderly to fulfill their nutrient requirements.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.858-867
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was done to determine the effects of walking exercise training(WET) on metabolic syndrome risk factors and body composition in obese middle school girls. Method: A non-equivalent pretest-posttest experimental design was used. Twenty seven subjects participated in this study from one women's middle school in Busan. The participants were purposely allocated to an experimental group (n=14) and a control group (n=13). The experimental group participated in 30-60 minutes of WET with 55 to $75\%$ of a maximal heart rate six days a week for 12 weeks. Results: The prevalence of individual risk factors on metabolic syndrome were improved in the experimental group after the intervention. The high waist circumference(WC), high triglyceride(TG), low high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), high blood pressure(BP) and high fasting glucose(FG) were 21.4, 21.4, 14.3, 28.6 and $7.2\%$, respectively. There were significant differences in WC (F=22.24, p<.001), TG (F=5.34, p=0.30), body weight(F=21.99, p<.001), fat mass(F=19.17, p<.001), and $\%$ body fat(F=17.93, p<.001) between the experimental and control group after the intervention. However, there were no significant differences in HDL-C, FG and BP between the experimental and control group after the intervention. Conclusion: These results indicate that WET is effective in decreasing risk factors of the metabolic syndrome and body composition components in obese middle school girls. These findings suggest that WET can be useful as a nursing intervention in the prevention of obesity-related disorders in obese adolescents.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.9-23
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• 1979

The known risk factors for atherosclerosis include plasma low density lipoproteins (LDL)or Cholesterol, low PUFA in the diet, hypertension, and high Na intake, obesity, diabetes, lack of exercise, cigarette smoking, sugar, low fiber and nicotinic acid in the diet, sources of Protein foods, and Psychological factors. Among various dietary factors, fat is known as the most serious causative agent for atherosclerosis. The genetic factor is a18o known as an important one but is out of scope in this paper. Since atherosclerosis is a progressive disease which may develop for many years before showing any definitive symptoms, it is very important to develop preventive programs especially in the country like Korea that is not quite overdevelopted as some western countries. In this paper all the factors mentioned above were reviewed and the dietary suggestion were made on the basis of the content of polyunsaturated and saturated fat in the diet to prevent or/and to cure this disease. Most of the available data on diet therapy with emphasis. on P/S ratio were tabulated together. after tile patient's habitual dietary intake is analized the guidelines of personalized fat-controlled diet can be recommended. It is of utmost importance to develop Korean diets for beth prevention and cure of atherosclerosis emphasizing individual eating habit in the near future which can be more Practicaly used both at home and in the hospital.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2016

In our search for natural products affecting blood circulation, the n-butanol fraction from whole plant of Glehnia littoralis Fr. Schm. (GLB) improved blood lipid parameters, and ameliorated obesity in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 mouse model. Hyperlipidemia was induced by high-fat-diet for 4 weeks, and then GLB was orally administrated with 400 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. GLB-treated group showed that the gain in body weight was significantly attenuated, the levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride significantly lowered on blood chemical analysis, and significantly prolonged the mice bleeding time when compared with those of HFD control group. Concomitantly, phytochemical composition of GLB was investigated by HPLC-hyphenated spectroscopy, and two major phenolic compounds, rutin and chlorogenic acid were identified in the GLB. Taken together, these results indicate that GLB has cardiovascular protective effects and could be a natural medicine candidate for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.795-804
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between the oral contraceptive pill and periodontal disease in Korean women aged from 19 to 50 years old. Methods: This study selected 1,579 women of childbearing age from 19 to 50 years old from the 5th National Health and Nutrition Survey data analysis(phase 3, 2012) taking the oral examination. The questionnaire consisted of socioeconomic demographic characteristics, health behavior, use of oral contraceptive pills, and periodontal disease. Socioeconomic demographic characteristics included age, marital status, education, monthly income, and vocation. The health behavior included obesity, stress, smoking, subjective oral health status, use of dental floss, tooth brushing, and diabetes mellitus by fasting blood sugar level. Use of oral contraceptive pills was recorded by monthly use and duration. The periodontal disease was documented by yes or no and selected as dependent variable by logistic regression analysis. Results: After revising the taking period of oral contraceptive pill for this study, there was the correlation between the prevalence of periodontal disease and odds ratio(95% CI) 1.288(1.027-1.617). Conclusions: This study will contribute to the direction of policy for an oral contraceptive pill and provide the basic data for counseling for the oral health and the side effects of oral contraceptive pills.