• 제목/요약/키워드: nutrition teachers

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채식인과 비채식인의 식습관, 식품군별 섭취빈도와 심혈과 질환관련인자와의 관련성에 관한 비교 연구 (A Comparative Study of Relationships among Eating Behavior, Intake Frequency of Food Group and Cardiovascular disease Related Factors in Vegetariand and Non-Vegetarians)

  • 차복경
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.183-192
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    • 2001
  • 우리나라도 경제성장으로 식생활 수준이 향상되고 국제교류가 활발함에 따라 식생활에 많은 변화가 있었다. 이러한 식사형태의 변화와 더불어 서구의 문제라고 여겼던 심혈관 질환을 비롯한 만성질환으로 인한 사망률이 점차 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 채식과 일반식을 하는 사람들을 대상으로 식습관과 식품군별 섭취빈도 등이 혈중 지질수준과 혈당, 혈압에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 조사대상자의 평균나이는 채식인 44.20세, 비채식인 40.52세, BMI는 각각 22.47, 21.08이었고, WHR은 0.85, 0.84였고, %BF는 28.79, 26.55였으며, 채식인의 평균채식기간은 13.16년이었다. 조사대상자의 total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, AI, 이완기혈압 및 혈당은 비책식인이 유의적으로(p<0.01) 높았고, HDL-cholesterol도 비채식인이 유의적으로 높았으며(p<0.05) 심질환 예견지수인 HDL/total cholesterol 비는 채식인이 유의적으로(p<0.01) 높았다. 조사대상자의 식습관 점수는 채식인이 25.07, 비채식인이 23.10으로 채식인이 유의적으로 높았으며(p<0.05) 비채식군에서는 식습관 점수가 높을수록 중성지방은 유의적으로 낮아졌다. 두 군 모두 혈청 총 콜레스테롤, LDL-cholesterol 및 AI는 식습관 점수가 높을수록 유의적으로 낮아졌으며(p<0.01), 같은 식습관 접수대에서는 채식인이 혈청 총 콜레스테롤, LDL-cholesterol, AI가 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 비채식군에서는 식습관 점수가 높으면 수축기 혈압이 유의적으로 낮아졌다(p<0.05). 채식인은 육류 및 생선, 계란, 우유 및 유제품을 전혀 먹지 않는 반면 곡류, 콩 및 콩제품, 녹황색야채 및 과일, 구근류, 해조류, 유지류는 대부분이 매일 2회 이상 먹고 그 섭취빈도가 비채식군에 비하여 두드러지게 높았다. 비채식인은 채식인과는 반대로 육류, 생선, 계란, 우유 및 유제품의 섭취빈도가 높고 녹황색야채와 구근류, 콩 및 콩제품의 섭취빈도가 낮았다. 이상의 결과에서 볼 때 채식인은 비채식인에 비해 식습관 점수가 유의적으로 높았으며(p

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국민학교(國民學校) 교과서내(敎科書內)의 보건교육내용(保健敎育內容) 및 그 습득도(習得度) (Contents of Health Education for Pupils and the Perceptibility after Graduation of Primary School)

  • 전보윤;김두희
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.99-112
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    • 1985
  • 보건교육(保健敎育)에 관한 상태(狀態)를 파악(把握)하기 위하여 국민학교과정(國民學校過程)을 대상(對象)으로 보건관계(保健關係) 사항(事項)들을 조사(調査)하고 그 과정(過程)을 이수(履修)한 중학교(中學校) 입학직후(入學直後)의 보건지식(保健知識) 수준(水準)을 측정(測定)하였다. 보건지식(保健知識) 측정(測定)은 표준, 동아 수련장에서 선택(選擇)한 문제(問題)로 50개(個) 문항(問項)을 택(擇)한 설문지(設問紙)를 담임교사를 통(通)하여 설문(設問) 하였으며 총(總) 대상학생수(對象學生數)는 도시학생(都市學生) 491명(名) 농촌학생(農村學生) 468명(名), 총(總) 959명(名)으로 1984년(年) 4월(月) 10일(日)부터 5월(月) 10일(日) 사이에 실시(實施)하였다. 국민학교(國民學校) 전(全) 학년(學年), 전(全) 과목(科目)에서의 보건(保健)에 관한 항목(項目)은 총(總) 782건(件)으로 내용적(內容的)으로 분류(分類)해 보면 정신보건(精神保健)과 운동(運動) 및 휴식(休息) 에 관한 건(件)이 가장 많고, 다음으로 환경보건(環境保健), 보건생활(保健生活)이며, 사고(事故), 개인위생(個人衛生), 영양(營養) 및 음식(飮食), 사회의학(社會醫學) 및 보건기구(保健機構), 생리학(生理學) 및 해부학(解剖學), 보학통계(保學統計), 인구문제(人口問題), 질병관리(疾病管理), 식품위생(食品衛生), 학교보건(學校保健), 기생충(寄生蟲) 및 전염병관리(傳染病管理), 우생학(優生學) 및 유전학(遺傳學) 순(順)이었다. 학과목별(學科目別)로 보면 국어(國語)에는 총(總) 114건중(件中) 정신보건(精神保健)이 44.7%, 가장 많이 포함(包含)되고, 산수(算數)에는 총(總) 26건중(件中) 보건통계(保健統計)가 46.4%로, 사회(社會)에는 총(總) 118건중(件中) 환경보건(環境保健)이 23.1%로, 자연(自然)에 있어서는 총(總) 30건중(件中) 생리학(生理學) 및 해부학(解剖學)이 60.1%로, 도덕(道德)에는 총(總) 176건중(件中) 정신보건(精神保健)이 40.3%로, 음악(音樂)에 있어서는 총(總) 23건중(件中)에 정신보건(精神保健), 사고(事故)가 각각(各各) 21.8%씩 차지했고 미술(美術)에는 총(總) 28건중(件中) 운동(運動) 및 휴식(休息)이 42.9%로, 체육(體育)에는 총(總) 201건중(件中) 운동(運動) 및 휴식(休息)이 38.6%로, 실과(實科)에 있어서는 총(總) 61건중(件中) 영양(營養) 및 음식(陰食)이 36.2%로 가장 많이 포함(包含)되어 있었으며 국사(國史)에는 사회의학(社會醫學) 및 보건기구(保健機構) 뿐 다른것은 없었다. 보건사항(保健事項)의 總(總) 건수중(件數中) 과목별(科目別)로 보면 체육(體育) 25.8%, 도덕(道德) 22.5%, 사회(社會) 15.1%, 국어(國語) 14.6%, 실과(實科) 7.8%, 자연(自然) 3.8%, 미술(美術) 3.6%, 산수(算數) 3.3%, 음악(音樂) 2.9%, 국사(國史) 0.6%의 순(順)이었다. 전학년별(全學年別)로는 6학년(學年) 29.1%, 4학년(學年) 21.2%, 5학년(學年) 18.9%, 3학년(學年) 11.6%, 1학년(學年) 11.5%, 2학년(學年)의 7.7%의 순(順)이었다. 보건문제(保健問題)가 관련된 과(課)는 평균(平均) 35.4%이었으며 학년별(學年別)로 보면 4학년(學年), 6학년(學年)이 각각(各各) 38.2%로 최고(最高)였고 2학년(學年)이 29.3%로 최하(最下)였다. 체육(體育)에는 전(全) 과(課)에 포함(包含)되어 있었다. 보건(保健)에 관한 지식습득도(知識習得度)로 보면 도시학생(都市學生)의 평균점수(平均點數)는 56.3점(點)이고 농촌학생(農村學生)의 평균(平均)은 53.9점(點)으로써 두 집단간(集團間)의 지식습득도(知識習得度)에는 유의(有意)한 차(差)가 있었다.

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중·고등학교 교과서에 실린 소아 관련 정보의 조사 (A review of the contents about childhood health care in middle & high school textbooks)

  • 김정훈;박성원;신손문;성인경;박미정;정유미;하정훈
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제50권4호
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    • pp.340-347
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    • 2007
  • 목 적 : 현행 중 고등학교 교과서 중 '기술가정', '가정과학' 교과서에 소아의 건강 관리 및 육아에 관한 내용이 수록되어 있어, 이 들 교과서의 내용이 의학적으로 적절한지를 살펴보고 만약 부정확하거나 틀린 내용 혹은 근거가 없는 내용이 수록되어 있다면 이를 시정하여 잘못된 정보가 전달되지 않도록 하기 위하여 검정교과서를 검토해 보았다. 방 법 : 2007년 발행된 중 고등학교 교과서 중 '기술가정', '가정과학' 교과서 47편을 대상으로 하였고, 각 교과서에서 소아의 건강 관리 및 육아에 관련된 내용이 차지하는 비중과 부적절한 내용을 찾아 정의가 잘못된 경우, 정보 자체가 틀린 경우, 부연 설명이 부족한 경우 등으로 나누었으며, 각 교과서의 저자들의 전공분야도 함께 분석해 보았다. 결 과 : 중학교 '기술가정'에서는 청소년기의 정신 및 신체적 변화와 영양에 대해 다루고 있었고, 고등학교 '기술가정', '가정과학'의 경우, 결혼 및 육아에 대해 다루고 있었다. 각각이 차지하는 비중은 중학교 '기술가정'이 평균 27.5%, 고등학교 '기술가정' 및 '가정과학'이 평균 11.7%였다. 내용에 있어서는 정의가 잘못된 경우로는 신생아 및 영아기의 연령 구분이 가장 많았고, 내용 자체가 틀렸거나 부정확한 경우는 주로, 숫구멍, 원시반사, 모유 및 이유식 등에 관한 내용들이었으며, 이 밖에도 배꼽소독 및 영유아의 발달 단계 등에 관해 부적절한 정보를 전달하고 있었다. 예방 접종표는 개정판이 아닌 1997년판을 사용하고 있었다. 부연설명이 부족했던 경우로는 태아기의 설명이나 증상만으로 의심해 볼 질병에 대한 기술이 너무 비약적이어서 혼란을 야기할 가능성이 많았다. 모유수유나 이유식에 대해서도 기술이 불충분하거나 적절하지 못하여 잘못된 인식을 가지기 쉬운 부분이 많았다. 이들 중학교와 고등학교 교과서 저자들의 전공을 살펴보면 가정 계열이 각각 75.7%, 74.1%로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로 현직 교사 및 장학사가 각각 24.3%, 25.9%를 나타내었고, 집필 과정에서 관련 의학 전문 학술단체나 전문가의 검토를 거친 근거는 없었다. 결 론 : 교과서 내에 소아의 건강 관리 및 육아에 관한 내용을 기술할 때 '대한소아과학회'와 같은 전문 학술단체의 감수를 거쳐 정확한 의학 정보를 제공함으로써 중 고등학교 학생들이 실생활에 적용하는데 있어 혼란이 초래되지 않도록 교과서 집필 과정을 시급히 개선하여야 한다.

여학생의 초경에 관한 조사 연구 (서울시내 여자중학생을 대상으로) (A study on the menarche of middle school girls in Seoul)

  • 김미화
    • 보건교육건강증진학회지
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.21-36
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    • 1983
  • It is assumed that menarche is affected not only by the biological factors such as nutrition and genetic heritage, but also it is affected by other socio-cultural environmental factors including weather, geographic location, education and level of modernization. Also recent trend of menarche in Korea indicates that a lot of discussion are being generated to the need of sex education as a part of formal school education. The purpose of this study is to develop the school health education program by determine the age of menarche, the factors relavant to time of menarche and psycho-mental state of students at the time in menarche and investigate the present state of school health education relate to menarche of adolescents. The total number of 732 girls was drown from first, second and third grades of 4 middle schools in Seoul. For the data collection the survey was conducted during the period from May 1 to May 20, 1982 by using prepared questionair. The major results are summarized as follow; 1. Mean age at menarche and the percent distribution of menarche experienced. It was observed that about 68.7% of sampled students have been experienced menarche at the time interviewed. For the each group, age at menarche is revealed that among the students about 37.8% are experienced menarche for under 12 years old group, 62.1% for 13 year-old group, 80.6% for 14 year-old group and 95.5% for over 15 years old. In sum it was found that the mean age at menarche was 12.3 years old, ranged from age at 10 as earlist the age at 15 as latest. 2. Variables associated with age at menarche. 1) There was tendency those student who belong to upper class economic status have had menarche earlier than those student who belong to lower class. Therefore, economic status is closely related to age at menarche. 2) In time of mother's education level, it is also found that those students whose mother's education levels from high school and college are experienced menarche earlier than those students whose mother's education levels from primary school and no-education. 3) However, in connection with home discipline, there was no significant relationship between age at menarche and home disciplines which are being treated "Rigid", "Moderated ", "Indifferent". 4) Degree of communication between parents and daughter about sex matters was found to be associated each others in determination of age at menarche. 5) It was found that high association between mother's menarche age and their daughter's menarche age was observed. Mother's age at menarche earlier trend to be shown also as earlier of their daughters. 6) Those students belong to "D & E" of physical substantiality index are trend to be earlier in menarche than those students in the index "A & B". 3. Psycho-mental state at the time of menarche. Out of the total students 68.2% had at least one or more than one of subjective symptoms. Shyness was shown as most higher prevalent symptom and others are fear, emotional instability, unpleasant feeling, depression, radical behavior, inferior complex and satisfaction appeared. Very few cases are appeared be guilty and stealing feeling. 4. The present status of school health education program related to menarche. As to the source of information about menarche, teacher was a main source with average index 5.88 and the other informants were mother & family member, friends, books and magagines, movies, television, and radio. For the problem solving at menarche, mother & family members were subject to discussion with an average index 6.02 as high. The others for discuss and knowledge about menarche were books, magagine, friends, teachers, and self-learning based on own experienced. The time of learning about menarche, it was learned as highest percentage with 43.2% at a 6 grades of primary school, middle school with 34.4%, 5 grade of primary school with 18.2%, and 4 grade of primary school with 4.0% respectively.

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간호학 교과과정 개선을 위한 조사 연구 (A Study on improvement of curriculum in Nursing)

  • 김애실
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.1-16
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    • 1974
  • This Study involved the development of a survey form and the collection of data in an effort-to provide information which can be used in the improvement of nursing curricula. The data examined were the kinds courses currently being taught in the curricula of nursing education institutions throughout Korea, credits required for course completion, and year in-which courses are taken. For the purposes of this study, curricula were classified into college, nursing school and vocational school categories. Courses were directed into the 3 major categories of general education courses, supporting science courses and professional education course, and further subdirector as. follows: 1) General education (following the classification of Philip H. phoenix): a) Symbolics, b) Empirics, c) Aesthetics. 4) Synthetics, e) Ethics, f) Synoptic. 2) Supporting science: a) physical science, b) biological science, c) social science, d) behavioral science, e) Health science, f) Educations 3) Professional Education; a) basic courses, b) courses in each of the respective fields of nursing. Ⅰ. General Education aimed at developing the individual as a person and as a member of society is relatively strong in college curricula compared with the other two. a) Courses included in the category of symbolics included Korean language, English, German. Chines. Mathematics. Statics: Economics and Computer most college curricula included 20 credits. of courses in this sub-category, while nursing schools required 12 credits and vocational school 10 units. English ordinarily receives particularly heavy emphasis. b) Research methodology, Domestic affair and women & courtney was included under the category of empirics in the college curricula, nursing and vocational school do not offer this at all. c) Courses classified under aesthetics were physical education, drill, music, recreation and fine arts. Most college curricula had 4 credits in these areas, nursing school provided for 2 credits, and most vocational schools offered 10 units. d) Synoptic included leadership, interpersonal relationship, and communications, Most schools did not offer courses of this nature. e) The category of ethics included citizenship. 2 credits are provided in college curricula, while vocational schools require 4 units. Nursing schools do not offer these courses. f) Courses included under synoptic were Korean history, cultural history, philosophy, Logics, and religion. Most college curricular 5 credits in these areas, nursing schools 4 credits. and vocational schools 2 units. g) Only physical education was given every Year in college curricula and only English was given in nursing schools and vocational schools in every of the curriculum. Most of the other courses were given during the first year of the curriculum. Ⅱ. Supporting science courses are fundamental to the practice and application of nursing theory. a) Physical science course include physics, chemistry and natural science. most colleges and nursing schools provided for 2 credits of physical science courses in their curricula, while most vocational schools did not offer t me. b) Courses included under biological science were anatomy, physiologic, biology and biochemistry. Most college curricula provided for 15 credits of biological science, nursing schools for the most part provided for 11 credits, and most vocational schools provided for 8 units. c) Courses included under social science were sociology and anthropology. Most colleges provided for 1 credit in courses of this category, which most nursing schools provided for 2 creates Most vocational school did not provide courses of this type. d) Courses included under behavioral science were general and clinical psychology, developmental psychology. mental hygiene and guidance. Most schools did not provide for these courses. e) Courses included under health science included pharmacy and pharmacology, microbiology, pathology, nutrition and dietetics, parasitology, and Chinese medicine. Most college curricula provided for 11 credits, while most nursing schools provide for 12 credits, most part provided 20 units of medical courses. f) Courses included under education included educational psychology, principles of education, philosophy of education, history of education, social education, educational evaluation, educational curricula, class management, guidance techniques and school & community. Host college softer 3 credits in courses in this category, while nursing schools provide 8 credits and vocational schools provide for 6 units, 50% of the colleges prepare these students to qualify as regular teachers of the second level, while 91% of the nursing schools and 60% of the vocational schools prepare their of the vocational schools prepare their students to qualify as school nurse. g) The majority of colleges start supporting science courses in the first year and complete them by the second year. Nursing schools and vocational schools usually complete them in the first year. Ⅲ. Professional Education courses are designed to develop professional nursing knowledge, attitudes and skills in the students. a) Basic courses include social nursing, nursing ethics, history of nursing professional control, nursing administration, social medicine, social welfare, introductory nursing, advanced nursing, medical regulations, efficient nursing, nursing english and basic nursing, College curricula devoted 13 credits to these subjects, nursing schools 14 credits, and vocational schools 26 units indicating a severe difference in the scope of education provided. b) There was noticeable tendency for the colleges to take a unified approach to the branches of nursing. 60% of the schools had courses in public health nursing, 80% in pediatric nursing, 60% in obstetric nursing, 90% in psychiatric nursing and 80% in medical-surgical nursing. The greatest number of schools provided 48 crudites in all of these fields combined. in most of the nursing schools, 52 credits were provided for courses divided according to disease. in the vocational schools, unified courses are provided in public health nursing, child nursing, maternal nursing, psychiatric nursing and adult nursing. In addition, one unit is provided for one hour a week of practice. The total number of units provided in the greatest number of vocational schools is thus Ⅲ units double the number provided in nursing schools and colleges. c) In th leges, the second year is devoted mainly to basic nursing courses, while the third and fourth years are used for advanced nursing courses. In nursing schools and vocational schools, the first year deals primarily with basic nursing and the second and third years are used to cover advanced nursing courses. The study yielded the following conclusions. 1. Instructional goals should be established for each courses in line with the idea of nursing, and curriculum improvements should be made accordingly. 2. Course that fall under the synthetics category should be strengthened and ways should be sought to develop the ability to cooperate with those who work for human welfare and health. 3. The ability to solve problems on the basis of scientific principles and knowledge and understanding of man society should be fostered through a strengthening of courses dealing with physical sciences, social sciences and behavioral sciences and redistribution of courses emphasizing biological and health sciences. 4. There should be more balanced curricula with less emphasis on courses in the major There is a need to establish courses necessary for the individual nurse by doing away with courses centered around specific diseases and combining them in unified courses. In addition it is possible to develop skill in dealing with people by using the social setting in comprehensive training. The most efficient ratio of the study experience should be studied to provide more effective, interesting education Elective course should be initiated to insure a man flexible, responsive educational program. 5. The curriculum stipulated in the education law should be examined.

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