• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2018

Infant formula is classified into standard cow's milk-based and special formulas. This review aimed at summarizing the types of special milk formulas currently sold in Korea, and the appropriate indications for the use of these formulas; lactose free formula, soy-based formula, protein hydrolysate formula, amino acid-based formula, preterm formula, medium chain triglyceride formula, low-phosphorus formula, protein-energy-enriched formula, and formulas for inborn errors of metabolism.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.193-213
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to provide a standard job description for a nutrition teacher placed in primary and secondary schools by analyzing their duties. DACUM is an acronym for 'Developing A CUrriculuM'. It was used by experts to determine the job duties, tasks and task elements to establish the job descriptions of a nutrition teachers through the development of a DACUM chart. An expert panel consisting of 10 nutrition teachers participated in a DACUM workshop and derived nutrition teacher's DACUM chart. A total of 1,550 nutrition teachers across the country were targeted as the survey subjects for validation of the DACUM chart through their perception of the frequency, importance, and difficulty of each item in the job description. A tree structure, criticality analysis, and contents validity index were added for verification. The definition of the nutrition teacher's job and DACUM chart with 5 duties, 28 tasks, and 107 task elements were derived by the DACUM method. The definition of a nutrition teacher was 'A teacher who is responsible for food service management and nutrition education and counseling for health promotion and disease prevention for students in primary and secondary schools'. The validation results of the tree structure were the priorities of the 28 tasks with ranks 1 and 2. Because there was no third priority, it was considered to be a good representation of the tasks of nutrition teachers. The DACUM chart was found to be evenly distributed with relative importances of more than 17 or less than 11 through the criticality analysis. Since the C5-4 (Conduct simulation exercise against food poisoning)'s content validity index was significantly less than the reference value of 0.78, it was not included in the final job description. 5 duties, 28 tasks, 102 task elements were included in the final job description of a nutrition teacher.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 양파껍질 추출물이 흡연동물모델에서 고지방식이로 유도된 고지혈증의 혈액지질 대사에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 조사하였다. 흡연모델을 유도하기 위하여 담배연기(CS) 추출액을 공급하였으며, 일반식이를 공급받는 동물군을 대조군(CT), 일반식이와 담배연기 추출액을 공급받는 동물군을 대조흡연군(CT+CS), 고지방식이를 공급받는 동물군을 고지방식이군(HF), 고지방식이와 담배연기 추출액을 공급받는 동물군을 고지방흡연군(HF+CS), 고지방식이와 담배연기 추출액과 더불어 양파껍질(OP) 추출물을 공급받는 동물군을 고지방흡연양파군(HF+CS+OP)으로 6마리씩 5그룹으로 나누어 6주간 사육하였다. 실험 시작 전, 3주, 6주에 혈액을 채취하였다. 6주 동안 양파껍질 추출물의 공급으로 혈액 중성지방, 총콜레스테롤, non-HDL-콜레스테롤 농도는 HF군과 HF+CS군에 비해 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 또한 HF+CS보다 HF+CS+OP에서 혈액의 AST, ALT 농도가 유의적으로 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 본 실험을 통해 양파껍질 추출물의 공급이 담배연기 추출액과 고지방식이로 증가한 혈중지질 수준과 간 기능 지표 수준을 개선하는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 지표들을 바탕으로 양파껍질의 섭취는 흡연자들의 간 기능 손상과 고지혈증 증상을 완화할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.236-245
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• 2011

This study investigated the correlation between consumption of sugar intake by fifth grade students in primary schools and development of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A total of 107 students participated, and eight boys and one girl (8.4% of the total) categorized as high risk for ADHD according to diagnostic criteria. There were significant differences in the occupations and drinking habits of the respondents' fathers between the normal group and risk group. In a comparison of students' nutrition intake status with daily nutrition intake standards for Koreans, students consumed twice as much protein as the recommended level, whereas their calcium intake was only 60% of the recommended DRI (dietary reference intake). Regarding intake volume of vitamin C, the normal group posted 143.9% of the recommended DRI, whereas the risk group showed only 65.5% of the recommended DRI. In terms of simple sugar intake from snacks, students in the normal group consumed 58.4 g while the risk group consumed 50.2 g. These levels constituted 12.5% of their total daily volume of sugar intake from snacks, which is higher than the 10% standard recommended by the WHO. In conclusion, children who consumed less sugar from fruit snacks or whose vitamin C intake was less than RI was at increased risks for ADHD (P < 0.05). However, no significant association was observed between total volume of simple sugar intake from snacks and ADHD development.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.97-100
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• 1975

Degree of polished rice so called 70 percentage of polished rice sold at the 19 places of rice dealer's store in Gwang - Ju city were surveyed through the New M.G.color reaction reagent, from 24th to 30th of January, 1975. The results were as follows ; 1. Nearly the 70 percentage polished rice sold at the rice dealer's store showed some differences in the degree of polishing of rice, with respect to color reaction in comparison with standard 70 percentage polished rice. 2. There have been no rice which are over excessive 70 percentage polished rice. 3. The place were more than 90 percentage of 70percentage polished rice amount, were 3 places in the 19 places rice dealer's store and 50 percentage of below 70 percentage polished rice amount were 8 places in the 19 places.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop the website-based program for individual meal planning. The program consisted of the basic information of clients, dietary habits, analysis of nutrient intakes and menu planning. The first part of the program consisted of general information such as general characteristics and anthropometric data of clients. The second part was designed to investigate the dietary habits, food intake frequency, nutrition knowledge, and drinking and smoking habits of the clients. The third part consisted of analysis of nutrient intakes including three major nutrients, calorie intake by foods and alcohol, and ratio of individual fatty acid intake. Nutrient intakes was evaluated by comparing with dietary reference intakes. In the final part, the program included the menu planning by using standard recipe. This system was also designed to insert, remove or change the food items or amount according to the user need. It is expected that the development of a meal planning system based on the internet can facilitate the professional dietary counseling, and thus help to improve the health of people.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.69-82
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cooker's regnition and real attitude abut standard cost system who are engazing in hotel restaurants in Seoul area. The sample was consisted of 307 cookers(male ; 82.7%, female ; 17.3%_ and the used method in analyzing is surveying method and statistical analysis(SPSS PC Package ; Version 3.0). The results of this study are summarized as follows ; 1. Standard cost system, mass purchase and proper recipe were presented in order to economize on real cost and the purchase and preservation of food were presented as important control factor to econimize cost. 2. Most coolers were recognizing the necessity of standard cost system and they relyed the purpose of standard cost calculation on standard cost control. They also thought standard cost accounting information system as good method to economize cost and they were favorable abut the usage of computer in improving working ability. 3. Most of cookers(80%) wanted to be independant restaurant manager and they were favorable Korean restaurant and Western restaurant. 4. The cookers represented the oder of importance by nutrition, preferance of food, economy in composing cooking menu and by taste, odor, variety, decoration in cooking.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.364-382
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• 2009

The purposes of this study were to develop the standard indicators to evaluate the food and nutrition systems in hospitals and to test the validity of those items scientifically. The results were as follows: First, the conceptual validity was examined with recognition degrees of importance from the hospital nutrition department managers. All of the hospital nutrition department's operation evaluation standards and the indicators' conceptual validity tested were in the range of 3.71~4.93 out of 5.0, and the mean score was 4.36. Therefore, the conceptual validity was verified. Second, to verify the factor validity of the items of the standards and indicators for the hospital nutrition department's operation evaluation, the standards and indicators were analyzed as key-factors. Key-factor analysis after vertical rotation showed that four factors appeared and were composed of (a) facilities management, (b) sanitation management, (c) operation & foodservice management, and (d) nutrition management. Third, the reliability of the standards and indicators for the hospital nutrition department's operation evaluation was analyzed and resulted in a score of 0.98, which showed good internal consistency. Fourth, the discriminative power of each item of the standards for the hospital nutrition department's operation evaluation was tested by checking the differences between groups with first quartile and forth quartile of total evaluation scores. The indicators having low distinction power were modified into obligatory items or eliminated for better differentiation.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.875-879
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• 2005

아마인의 linustatin과 neolinustatin은 가수분해되어 acetone, hydrogen cyanide(HCN) 그리고 sugar를 생성하는 diglucoside 시안배당체로써 가수분해물인 HCN의 독성으로 인해 식품의 안전성에 문제가 되고 있다. $80\%$ methanol 추출과 LC/MSn에 의한 정성분석과 RI-LC에 의한 아마인에서 함유된 시안배당체 함량을 조사한 결과, linustatin과 neolinustatin이 각각 평균 206.5 mg/100 g과 174.2 mg/100 g 함유되어 있었다. 또한 autohydrolysis 후 증류액으로부터 IC 분석 에 의 해 HCN 137.38 mg/kg이 가수분해되어 유리됨을 알 수 있었다. 시안배당체의 저감화를 위하여 가열처리를 수행한 결과, 아마인은 $200^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 이상 가열시 $85\%$ 이상의 linustatin과 neolinustatin 그리고 HCN의 제거효과를 보였다. 특히 $200^{\circ}C$에서 30분 가열시 $98\%$의 HCN이 제거됨을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.533-541
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• 1998

This study compares the growth performance(weight-for-age Z-score, height-for-age Z-score, weight-for-height Z-score) of one- to three- month-old Korean infants(n=232) with the Korean standard(1994) and NCHS reference(1983). The weight-for-age Z-scores(WAZ) by the Korean standard were -2∼1,5 for males and -3∼1 for females. The NCHS reference, WAZ results were -1∼2.5 and -2.5∼3.5 for males and females, respectively. The WAZ compared Korean standard showed no subjects with overnutrition. But 1.3% of the infants showed signs of malnutrition. Comparison with NCHS reference revealed that 0.4% of the infants were malnourished and 7.0% of the infants were overnourished. The WAZ of formula-fed infants were distributed higher than breast-fed infants, but that was not significant. The height-for-age Z-score(HAZ) by the Korean standard were -4.5%∼1.5% for males and -4∼1.5% for females. According to the NCHS reference, HAZ were -2.5%∼2.5% and -3∼3 for males and females, respectively. When the WAZ was compared with the Korean standard, there was no overnutrition but 16% of the infants showed signs of malnutrition. The NCHS reference, revealed that 6.9% of the infants were malnourished and 1.8% of the infants were ovemourished. The weight-for-height Z-scores(WHZ) by the Korean standard were -2∼5 for males and -2.5∼5 for females. The NCHS reference WAZ scores were -1∼4 and -1.5∼4.5 for males and females, respectively. When the WHZ was compared with the Korean standard, 2.2% of infants were malnourished and 19.5% were overnourished. There were no malnourished subjects according to the NCHS reference and 19.1% of the infants were overnourished. When the three Z-scores are considered together, 92.0% of the infants should a normal growth status, there was no malnutrition, and 8.0% of the infants were overnourished. The growth performance was evaluated differently according to the type of standards. Thus, it is necessary to set proper growth standards for infants, according to which classification of feeding methods is chosen. A longterm and careful assessment of infants's growth performances to develop any group of standards.