• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.523-535
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate and improve experiences regarding breastfeeding education. Questionnaires were distributed to 185 women with children 24 months of age and younger. The period of breastfeeding was about 7.2 months and showed significant differences (p<0.01) according to women's age. About 56% of the respondents participated in breastfeeding education. Women with 3 or more children showed the highest rates of participation compared to the women in other groups(p<0.05). The reason for nonparticipation showed significant differences (p<0.05) according to women's occupation. The biggest reason for nonparticipation was 'lack of time' for housewives and 'no information' for working women. The subjects of education were benefits(20%) and techniques(19%) of breastfeeding, breast care before and after delivery(15%), nutrition care for breastfeeding mothers(11%), etc. The teaching method used most frequently was lecturing(32%). Around 81% of women were not satisfied with their breastfeeding education. The most useful subject was breastfeeding techniques(59%). Thirty percent of women pointed out that 'assessing mother's milk quantity' was the subject which women wanted to learn but were not taught enough about. Around 76% of women wanted more education and preferred personalized education such as home visitation(35%) and personal counselling(27%). Desired education methods showed significant differences(p<0.05) according to women's occupations. 'Home visitation' was the most preferred method for housewives and 'personal counselling' for working women. These results showed breastfeeding education was not helpful for practical life. Therefore, breastfeeding education should reflect women's individual needs to heighten its effectiveness.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.325-332
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the gap in perceived sanitaion management importance-performance for school foodservice facilities and utilities. Questionnaires were delivered to 200 dietitians who are employed in school foodservice. A total of 108 were usable, resulting in an 54.0% response rate. Statistical analyses were performed using the SAS package program(version 8.2 for Windows) for descriptive analysis, t-tests, and importance-performance analysis (IPA). Among the respondents, 58.3% of the dietitians had more than 10 years of work experience, 81.5% were university graduates, and 64.8% worked in elementary schools. Also, 89.8% of the school foodservices provided meals once a day. According to the importance and performance analysis for 25 items, significant differences were found between importance and performance and the importance score was significantly higher than the performance score for all of the items. The results of IPA showed the following areas as improvement priorities: physical separation between the clean areas and the unclean areas to prevent cross-contamination, and proper management of the temperature and humidity within kitchens and food storage facilities. Overall, the IPA results indicated that the items in need of urgent need of improvement will require political support, and above all, continued research. Finally, better models of foodservice facilities and utilities are needed to improve and modernize the operating conditions of these various foodservice establishments.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 1999

This study used questionnaires to investigate the safety awareness for imported foods by 365 male and female adults in Taejon. The results of the study were as follow : By factor analysis, the subjects' behaviors and awareness of the imported food was grouped into 3 factors such as 'health and quality factor', 'purchasing factor' and 'contamination factor'. 'Health and quality factor' and 'purchasing factor' were not recognized negatively by the subjects, moreover' contamination factor' was recognized very highly. The subjects' concern and worry about the imported food was also very high. The marital status, education level, nutriton knowledge adn recognition level of contamination by pesticides and heavy metals of foods partially affected the recognitio level of imported foods. The major selection criteria of imported food were distribution period(36.3%), price(28.8%) and purchasing experience(17.3%). The imported food mean discrimination score was 8.4±3.1 out of 13. The worst discriminatio score was red pepper. The subjects' experiences with imported foods selection affected the most instead of education level or nutrition knowledge. The higher discrimination score group more negatively recognized imported food and contamination recognition level was higher whereas the lowerdiscrimination score group more positively recognized the purchasing frequency and with to buy more easily. But both groups desired to reinforce contamination control. The better discrimination score of imported food pooring recognized sanitation concerns(p<0.05), quality(p<0.05), cooking convenience(p<0.01), desire for more variety(p<0.05), and the higher contamination recognition level(p<0.05) and desire to reinforce contamination control(p<0.01).

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.463-475
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• 2008

This study investigated intake patterns of health functional foods(HFF) in elementary school children and requirements of their parents in the Daejeon area using a questionnaire by 432 parents. Participating parents were composed of female, 83.6% and male, 16.4%. Most of the parents were in their 40's(53.0%) and 30's(45.8%). 47.9% of the children were male and 52.1% were female. The school year of the children was distributed evenly, ranging from the first year to the sixth year. The intake rate of HFF for parents appeared to be 65.3% and for children it appeared to be 63.2%. The primary reason of using HFF to their child was 'For health promotion'(54.4%); the largest reason of non-using HFF was 'Do not feel necessity because is healthy'(48.8%). In regards to purchase place, 'Drugstore' was most selected by 26.1%, while the largest amount of purchase motive was 'Decided by oneself for children's health'(37.7%). The average expense per month was, 'Less than 50 thousand portion'(20.3%). The intake period, 'less than 6 months' was won' for 54.9%. For intake items, 'Vitamin supplementation products' was the largest portion'(20.3%) was indicated. The intake period, less than 6 months' was the most selected by 51.3%. Most people(66.7%) selected '1 kind' of intake item. As for intake effect, 45.4% claimed 'A little help'. In regard to experiencing side effects, 'Is not' was 92.7%, however, diarrhea, nettle rash, nausea etc. were a little. The biggest problem of HFF was 'Falsehood/exaggerative advertisement' as identified by 53.1%. For improvement of the HFF system was, 'Verify by more strict formality' as selected by 55.8%. In regards to experience of nutrition education on HFF, 'Is not' was most selected by 51.0%. The most desirous form of nutrition education was, 'Simple paper material'(31.3%). The most desirous content of nutrition education was, 'nutritional management of classified by life cycle'(37.2%). Therefore, HFF must be used properly to promote the health and growth development of children by acquiring scientific and reasonable information about the ability and usage of the food.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2009

The principal objective of this study was to assess the weight control behavior, body shape satisfaction, and obesity stress depending on the degree of obesity in college students who applied for a weight control program. The average BMI of the participants was $21.4\;kg/m^2$ which was in the normal range, and 76.3% of the participants were of normal body weight. Ideal BMI in this participant was $18.1\;kg/m^2$, which is in the underweight range. In terms of body perception, participants generally overestimated their body weight. The overweight and normal weight groups were less satisfied with their body shape than was the underweight group. The overweight group also expressed fears of showing their bodies to others. Additionally, the overweight and normal groups exhibited higher obesity stress than the underweight group. 97.0% of participants were interested in weight control as a way to improve their appearance. They usually obtained their weight control information from the internet and mass media. More than 80% of participants had weight control experience, having undergone weight control attempts for duration of less than a month. However, after the discontinuation of weight control efforts, these participants regained the weight. As a consequence, they were generally unsatisfied with the outcomes of weight control programs. This study demonstrated that the college women who had applied for the weight control program were unsatisfied with their body shape owing to distorted notions of the ideal body shape, and these women had generally undertaken frequent efforts to control their body weights. These results underline the importance of educating college-aged women on proper body perception and the maintenance of healthy body weight and shape.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.543-555
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• 2008

This study investigated elementary school students' perception, preferences, and intake of Korean traditional foods, focusing specifically on kimchi, tteok (rice cake), and eumcheong (beverage) varieties; and compared them by gender, living with grandparents, mother's occupation, and meal preparation by the grandmother. The subjects were 287 6th grade elementary school students in Busan. The results were as follows: 80% of children were interested in Korean traditional foods. 40% believed that their intake of Korean traditional foods was decreasing because these foods were not palatable to them. The majority of them, however, said they would continue to eat Korean traditional foods as they had done (54.7%) or eat more than before (36.6%) in the future. The children thought that Korean traditional foods were rich in nutrition and good for their health. The children had the highest preference for Baechu-kimchi among varieties of kimchi, and they had high preferences for Songpyeon, Galaitteok, and Injulmi. They had high preferences for Sikhye, citron tea, and adlai tea. Over 80% reported consuming Baechu-kimchi and Kkakdugi three to four times per week. They had eaten Injulmi the most frequently among the tteoks, while over 80% had eaten the other types of tteok only once or twice per month. Adlai tea, citron tea, and Sikhye were drunk more than once per week. In general, we noted no significant differences in the children's perceptions, preferences, and intake of Korean traditional foods by gender, living with grandparents, mother's occupation, and meal preparation by grandmother, with the exception of several items. The students had a very positive perception of Korean traditional foods. They had higher preferences for and had more frequently consumed the more familiar Korean traditional foods. It is therefore suggested that if the children had opportunities to experience Korean traditional foods more frequently and variously at home or in restaurants, they would appreciate Korean traditional foods even more, and develop higher preferences for these foods.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.33-45
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• 2024

This study aimed to identify the need for dietary management due to weight changes among middle-aged women in the Gwangju area during the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve this, a survey was conducted of their eating habits, dietary and lifestyle habits, alterations in food intake, and changes in menopausal symptoms. Overall, significant differences were found between dietary and lifestyle habits (p<.01) depending on the frequency of eating out. Specifically, those who eating out two to three times a week exhibited a significant increase in negative habits such as ordering delivery food and consuming instant meals. In terms of food consumption changes, those who eating out two or three times a week displayed a relatively higher increase in the consumption of non-recommended food than those who eating out once a week. Regarding changes in menopausal symptoms, individuals who eating out two to three times a week experienced a greater increase in the severity of menopausal symptoms than those who eating out once a week. In terms of dietary and lifestyle habit changes, it was found that the more frequent the exercise, the greater the overall improvement in dietary and lifestyle habits (p<.001). Moreover, women who did not experience weight gain exhibited positive changes in their dietary and lifestyle habits compared with women who experienced weight gain. The results for food consumption changes revealed that the consumption of non-recommended foods was higher in middle-aged women who experienced weight gain, particularly the consumption of meat (p<.001) and noodles (p<.05).

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.455-464
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• 2015

This study aimed to identify the factors influencing health education performance of health promoting hospital nurses. The study was conducted with 231 nurses from four health promoting hospitals. Data were collected from May to June, 2013. Health education performance was positively correlated with education level, years of clinical experience, health promotion role recognition, and self efficacy for health education. Health promotion role recognition (${\beta}=.246$, p=.001), self-efficacy for health education (${\beta}=.282$, p <.001), and clinical experiences (${\beta}=.170$, p=.007) were significant predictors of health promoting hospital nurses' health education performance and explained 27.8% of the variance. The strategies to improve health promotion role recognition and self-efficacy for health education should be developed to improve health education performance of health promoting hospital nurses.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.87-95
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate nutritional knowledge, dietary attitudes, and dietary behaviors of adult women, and to examine if these characteristics were different by acne status. Subjects were 106 adult women residing in Seoul recruited from clients and employers at skin care centers, and housewives from apartment complexes. Surrey instrument was adapted or modified based on literature review and dietary intakes were assessed using 24-hour recalls for two days and CAN-pro. All data was statistically analyzed using x$^2$test and ANOVA. When examined by acne status, 41.5% of subjects were categorized into acne group, 20.8% were as ex-acne group, and 37.7% as no-acne group. Parental experience of acne was significantly related to acne status(p〈 0.01). Education, employmental status, and smoking or drinking status were not related to acne status. Subjects had a moderate level of nutritional knowledge(72.7 point) and the nutritional knowledge store was not significantly different by acne status. When examined by individual items, the groups showed significant difference on the items regarding vitamin C and necessity of carbohydrates(p 〈 0.05). Subjects showed favorable dietary attitudes. Although the acne group showed more favorable attitudes on the importance of nutrition on acne, the overall dietary attitudes of the acne group were not significantly different from the ex-acne group or no-acne group. Similarly only small differences were noticed in dietary behaviors or nutrient intakes by acne status. Cholesterol consumption was hitgher in the no-acne group than in the acne group or ex-acne group(p 〈 0.01). The intakes of energy, iron, and calcium was much below the RDA in three groups. Although there were not many significant differences in nutritional knowledge, dietary attitudes, and dietary behaviors by acne status, this study provided some baseline information regarding study variables by acne status.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.342-347
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: School meals are not just meals consumed at school, they are part of the culture, education, and life experience at school. Nevertheless, few studies have revealed the influence of school meals on students' school lives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of satisfaction with the school meal program on students' school happiness. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A survey conducted in December 2015 asked 2,336 students (1,062 elementary school students, 880 middle school students, and 394 high school students) about their satisfaction with the school meal program and their school happiness. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relation between the students' school meal satisfaction and their happiness level. RESULTS: The average level of satisfaction with school meals of elementary school students was 4.1 out of 5 points, comparatively higher than that of middle and high school students, with a significant difference between school levels (P < 0.001). In addition, school happiness, as well as overall happiness, of elementary school students was higher than that of middle and high school students (P < 0.001). The school meal operation factor (0.232, P < 0.001) had the most influence on students' school happiness, followed by the school meal environment factor (0.219, P < 0.001) and school meal quality factor (0.136, P < 0.001). Overall satisfaction (0.097, P = 0.001) and school meal hygiene factor (0.095, P = 0.001) also had significant influences on students' school happiness. CONCLUSIONS: Students' satisfaction with the school meal program was related to their school happiness. Therefore, plans to enhance students' satisfaction with a school meal program needs to be implemented, with emphasis on placing a priority on school meal operation and school environment factors, in order to improve students' level of happiness.