• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2012

The Korean diet, including breakfast, is becoming more Western, which could increase the risk of metabolic syndrome. Our aim was to assess whether breakfast patterns are associated with risk for metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. The study subjects (n=371; 103 men, 268 women) were employees of Jaesang Hospital in Korea and their acquaintances, and all subjects were between 30 and 50 years old. The data collected from each subject included anthropometric measurements, three-day food intake, blood pressure (BP) and blood analyses. The three breakfast patterns identified by factor analysis were "Rice, Kimchi and Vegetables", "Potatoes, Fruits and Nuts" and "Eggs, Breads and Processed meat". The "Rice, Kimchi and Vegetables" pattern scores were positively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measurements in men (P<0.05) and with serum triglyceride (TG) levels in women (P<0.05). The "Eggs, Breads and Processed meat" pattern scores correlated positively with weight, body mass index (P<0.05) and serum TGs (P<0.01) in men. The "Potatoes, Fruits and Nuts" pattern was associated with lower risk of elevated BP (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.28-0.88) and fasting glucose levels (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.26-1.00). In contrast, the "Eggs, Breads and Processed meat" pattern was associated with increased risk of elevated TGs (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.06-3.98). Our results indicate that reducing the consumption of eggs, western grains and processed meat while increasing fruit, nut and vegetable intake for breakfast could have beneficial effects on decreasing metabolic syndrome risk in Korean adults.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.666-672
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• 2017

본 연구팀은 프레스 성형 공정에서 버텀 섀시 (bottom chassis)에 팸너트 (pem nut)를 고정하는 것과 같은 협소 공간 작업을 위한 6축 다관절 로봇을 개발하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 6축 다관절 로봇의 위치 제어를 위한 기구학 해석과 가반하중에 따른 위치 정밀도 파악을 위한 구조해석을 수행하였다. 먼저, 로봇의 Denavit-Hatenberg 파라미터를 정의하고, 정기구학과 역기구학 모델을 제시하였다. 기구학 모델은 Coppelia Robotics 사의 virtual robot experimentation platform (V-REP)을 이용하여 시각적인 시뮬레이션을 통해 검증하였다. 위치 정밀도 분석은 완전 펼침 상태와 완전 접힘 상태에서 자중에 의한 처짐량과 가반하중에 의한 처짐량에 대한 구조해석을 통해 수행하였다. 해석 결과, 최대 변형량은 완전 펼침 상태에서 자체 하중만 있는 경우 0.339 mm로 나타났으며, 5kgf의 하중이 장착된 경우에는 0.667 mm로 나타났고, 설계 조건 1 mm 내에 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, 최대 발생 응력은 축 2와 3을 연결하는 링크에서 22.05 MPa로 나타났고, 부품 재질을 고려할 때 이 값은 구조적으로 안전함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.341-344
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• 2008

We investigated the responses of red squirrels to pine nuts (Pinus koraiensis) treated with Lithium Chloride (LiCl) and the potential of the chemical for inducing conditioned taste aversion (CTA) in red squirrels. In red squirrels, nut feeding declined dramatically during the first 4 days after feeding with LiCl-treated nuts. The ratio of LiCl-treated nuts eaten to total nuts eaten declined from the $1^{st}$ day in LC-1 and the $2^{nd}$ day in LC-2, along with a general reduction in quantity eaten. Thus, feeding with LiCl-treated nuts induced CTA from the 2nd day after feeding, and CTA remained constant until the $4^{th}$ day, but disappeared on the $5^{th}$ day. The squirrels ate an average of $757.0{\pm}106.1mg$ (n = 2, range $682.0\sim832.0$) of LiCl before dying on the $16^{th}$ day of the study. The lethal dose of LiCl was 2.32 mg LiCl/g body weight, and the average amount of LiCl needed to induce CTA was $23.0{\pm}4.24mg$ (20 mg in LC-1 and 26 mg in LC-2).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.233-245
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary habits and nutrient intakes on skin condition of female university students. The subjects were 95 female university students in Daegu. This study examined anthropometric measurements, dietary intake, food intake habits and skin condition (moisture, elasticity, sebum (U-zone, T-zone), pores, evenness and melanin pigmentation. The subjects in this study had an average age of 21.4, an average height and weight of 161.2 cm and 52.9 kg, respectively, and the average body mass index (BMI) was 20.3 $kg/m^2$. The means of skin elasticity, pores, evenness, and melanin pigmentation were within the normal range of women in their 20s and the skin moisture state was slightly lower than the normal range, which showed a dry tendency. The sebum in the U-zone and the T-zone was lower than the standard values, which showed less secretion in both areas. The subjects with high nut intake showed a better skin pore state (p < 0.05). Those with a high intake of instant foods showed a sig-nificantly low skin moisture and a significantly higher sebum rate (p < 0.05). The group with high skin elasticity and the group with less melanin pigmentation showed a significantly low animal protein intake (p < 0.05). The group with high skin elasticity also showed a significantly higher vitamin A and niacin intakes as well (p < 0.05). The group with high skin evenness showed a significantly lower animal lipid intake and a significantly higher vitamin E intake (p < 0.05). In addition, those with high skin elasticity and evenness as well as low melanin pigmentation showed a tendency of high intake of antioxidant vitamins, such as vitamin A, carotene, vitamin C or vitamin E. In summary, a moderate intake of plant-based products and also the antioxidant vitamins within such products seems to have a beneficial effect on maintaining a healthy and good skin condition.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.580-584
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• 1997

기존의 폐동맥 혈류 조절술(pulmonary래eV banding procedure)의 미비 점을 보완하여 피하에서 조절 가능한 폐동맥 혈류 조절기(pulmonary artery banding device)를 개발하였다. 조절기는 탄성력을 가진 스테인레스 철 사를 이용하여 지그재그형으로 형태를 만든 조절부,폴리비닐 카테터로 된 몸체 부위 및 볼트와 너트로 이 루어진 나사부로 구성되어 있다. 15∼20 kg의 네 마리 황견을 이용해 좌측 개흉술 후 하행 대동맥에 본 장 치를 장착한 후 때월 후 장치의 조절에 따르는 혈압의 변화에 대한 검사를 하였다. 검사 후 실험동물을 희생시켜 장치를 포항한 대동맥의 병리 조직 검사를 시행하였다. 조절기의 나사부를 회전시키므로서 혈관 에 장착된 조절기의 직경과 원주가 정확하고 용이하게 조절되었다. 조절기의 조절에 따라 측정한 혈압 변 화에서 혈압이 조절기의 회전수에 선형 증감을 나타냈다. 폐동맥 혈류 조절기의 장착이 용이하고 쉽게 조 절 가능하므로 이를 장차 임상에 적용시켜 보다 향상되길 기대한다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.315-325
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• 2004

This study was conducted to develop the standard breakfast menu for those weak groups having insufficient breakfast intake. The following three target groups are classified as: 16-19 years old high school male student, 20-29 years old female who have job or college students, 20-29 years old male or female who have job (double income family). While developing menus for each target groups, we applied several basic guidelines for meal planning as follows: Nutrient intake level was set to $\graction one-Third$ of RDA, while the energy level to $\fraction one-quarter $ of RDAs. Most Sequent meal pattern of Koreans was adapted; Suitabilities of appropriate serving size and cost for middle-income families were considered; Domestic foods and ingredients were used. We developed 24 menus summed by 2 menus for each season and three target groups. When evaluating the menus, most of the breakfast menus were sufficient of nutrients as a meal for the subjects. Three food groups such as grain/starch group, meat/fish/egg/bean group, vegetable/fruit group were included in all menus. Even though milk/dairy products group was not excluded for some menus, other calcium substitutes like anchovies were used. Oil/nut/sugar group was used to a minimum. The average number of foods for each menu was 12.8, which ranged from 10 to 17 depending on the menus. The average weight of the menus including soup was 822 g, 633 g and 730 g for each target group, respectively. The average price of the menu ranged from 2,000 to 3,500 won per person. The above results could be applied at home as well as foodservice institutes and furthermore could offer information for developing breakfast-substituting food products.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.435-440
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• 2003

과일류(단감, 감귤, 사과)를 습도조절이 가능한 원적외선방사체 저장고(5$^{\circ}C$의 온도와 90%의 상대습도)에 저장한 결과 과일류의 선도유지기간이 연장되는 것을 확인하였고, 중량손실율은 원적외선 방사체 저장고에 저장한 과일류가 중량손실율이 대조구에 비하여 낮게 나타났다. 따라서 습도조절이 가능한 원적외선 방사체 저장고에 과일류를 저장함으로서 과일류의 수분손실을 방지할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 일정기간동안 원적외선 방사체 저장고에 저장함으로써 ascorbic acid함량의 감소를 대조구에 비하여 낮은 비율로 억제할 수 있었다. 총균수의 경우 과일류 시험구에서 원적외선 방사체 저장고에서 저장할수록 오염미생물의 총균수가 낮게 나타났다 표면색도의 경우, a값은 모든 시험구에서 감소하였으며 원적외전 방사체 시험구에 비하여 대조구 저장시료의 표면색도가 청색도를 증가시키는 변화를 관찰할 수 있었고, b값은 시료간에 유의성 있는 차이없이 다소 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 부패율은 수분 함유율이 높은 과일(감귤)일수록 원적외선 방사체 저장시설을 이용하는 경우, 부폐율을 낮게 유지할 수 있었다. pH의 변화는 채소류를 저장하는 기간이 증가할수록 pH는 더 낮아겼고, 대조구에 비해 원적외선 방사체 저장고의 시험구의 pH는 변화율은 적었다. 따라서, 원적외선 방사체 저장시설내에 단감, 감귤과 같은 과일류를 저온고습도상에서 저장할 경우, 과일류의 품질변화를 최소화 할 수 있어 갓 수확한 과일류의 선도유지기간을 연장할 수 있는 저장법이 될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.638-644
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• 2006

Sixteen adult male buffaloes (average body weight $443{\pm}14kg$) were equally distributed into four groups in an experiment to study the effect of supplementary protein sources on energy utilization efficiency in buffaloes fed a wheat straw-based diet. The animals in the control group were offered a basal diet composed of 700 g deoiled ground nut cake and ad libitum wheat straw. Animals of other groups were offered 1.8 kg of soyabean meal (SBM), linseed meal (LSM) or mustard cake (MC) along with the basal diet. Protein supplementation increased the digestibility of DM (p<0.01), OM (p<0.01) CP (p<0.01) and CF (p<0.05). Maximum CP digestibility was observed on SBM, followed by LSM and MC when compared to the control. Total DMI and DOMI was significantly (p<0.01) higher in protein supplemented groups with no differences between treatment groups. Digestible crude protein (DCP) intake and N balance were significantly (p<0.01) different between the groups; maximum response was obtained with SBM supplementation, followed by LSM and MC. Faecal energy was significantly (p<0.01) lower in SBM and LSM groups in comparison to other groups. Methane production (% DEI) was significantly (p<0.05) lower on the SBM treatment. Metabolizable energy (ME) intake increased significantly due to protein supplementation. Metabolizable energy intake (MEI) of animals in the MC group was less than LSM and SBM. Energy balance was increased significantly (p<0.01) due to protein supplementation and within supplement variation was also significant with maximum balance in SBM followed by LSM and MC groups. Protein supplementation significantly (p<0.05) increased the digestibility and metabolizability of energy from whole ration. Metabolizable energy (ME) content (Mcal/kg DM) of SBM, LSM and MC was 4.49, 3.56 and 2.56, respectively. It was concluded that protein supplementation of wheat straw increased intake, digestibility and metabolizability of energy and maximum response could be obtained when soybean meal was used as a supplement.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제96권4호
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• pp.455-461
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• 2007

호도나무 '영동' 품종에 대한 과실의 형태적 특성 및 과피의 물리적인 특성을 조사한 결과, (1) '영동' 품종 과실의 형태적인 특성은 모든 형질에 대해 비교종인 재래종과 통계적으로 매우 유의하게 나타났다. (2) 과실의 입중 및 인중, 크기와 관련된 형질, 봉합선의 길이와 폭, 인의 품질 등 9개 항목에서 '영동' 품종이 재래종보다 크게 나타난 반면 봉합선 돌출높이, 과피 및 격막두께, 인 추출 시 단편개수, 구형지수 등 6개 항목은 재래종이 높은 수치를 보였다. (3) 과피의 물리적 특성은 압축 프로브의 이동거리를 제외한 모든 항목에서 '영동' 품종이 우수하였으며 봉합선방향의 압축이 가장 작은 힘이 소요되어 깐호도 생산에 효과적이었다. (4) 최대압축하중에 관해 '영동' 품종이 21.9 kg으로 재래종 42.6 kg보다 약 2배정도로 낮아 과피가 적은 힘으로도 쉽게 깨지는 특성을 지녀 깨짐성이 우수하였다. (5) 항복치를 조사한 결과, 재래종이 '영동' 품종보다 2배 이상 높아 과피의 탄성이 적고 딱딱한 특성을 보인 반면 '영동' 품종의 봉합선 또는 종경방향의 항복치가 평균 15.6 kg과 16.0 kg으로 가장 낮아 과피가 쉽게 깨졌다. (6) '영동' 품종의 압축 프로브의 이동거리는 평균 4.2 mm로 재래종 2.7 mm보다 길었으며 이동거리가 길수록 최대압축하중이 낮은 반면 탄성이 우수함에 따라 유통과정에서 발생할 수 있는 손실량이 감소됨에 따라 상품적 가치가 높아질 것으로 판단된다. (7) '영동' 품종의 봉합선 방향의 압축강도가 $9.1kg/cm^2$로 전체 평균 $12.4kg/cm^2$보다 낮았으며 나머지 처리의 압축강도에 비해 매우 낮고 통계적으로도 유의성이 인정되었다. (8)압축부위별 경도를 측정한 결과, '영동' 품종의 봉합선방향이 $149.8kg/cm^2$로 가장 낮은 반면 재래종 두께방향이 $300.9kg/cm^2$로 가장 높게 나타났다.