• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.285-290
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• 2009

This experiment was conducted to investigate the propagation system by seed to check growth, flowering, and making seed of three-year-old cactus of potted Mammillaria goldii. M. theresae, and M. pseudopeclinata. Plant height and width of them was 2.5~2.8 cm, and 2.8~3.1 cm, and seed formation of Mammillaria goldii and M. theresae had internal body taking130 to 135 days to ripening seeds, however, M. pseudopectinata had externals taking just 26 days to ripening seeds. The mean seeded pod from April to June of M. goldii was 50.0% and the number of seeds in a pod was 25.3. In M. theresae, the mean seeded pod from April to June was 57.3% and the number of seeds in a pod was 35.0. However, the highest rate of seeded pod on May of M. pseudopectinata was 75.0% and the number of seed in a pod was 66.0. The sib crossing was much more ripening seed fertilization than that of self cross ing in the Mammillaria. The self crossing was formed from 12.0% to 20.0% of seeded pod, from 12.0 to 16.0 number of seed in a pod. However, sib crossing obtained 58.0% of seeded pod, 30 seeds in a pod of M. goldii, 65.0% seeded pods and 40 seeds in a pod of M. theresae, and 75.0% seeded pod, 68 seeds in a pod of M. pseudopectinala as the highest of them.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.623-634
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• 2006

Various methods have been studied to construct a fuzzy regression model in order to present a fuzzy relation between a dependent variable and an independent variable. However, in the fuzzy regression analysis the value of the center point of estimated fuzzy output may be either greater than the value of the right endpoint or smaller than the value of the left endpoint. In the case, we cannot predict the fuzzy output properly. This paper presents sufficient conditions to construct the fuzzy regression model using several methods investigated by some authors and then introduces the censored fuzzy regression model using the censored samples to manipulate the problem of crossing of the center and the end points of the estimated fuzzy number. Examples show that the censored fuzzy regression model is an extension of the fuzzy regression model and also it improves the problem of crossing.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1995.06a
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• pp.69-72
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• 1995

In this paper, a new approach for Korean connected digits recognition using the spatio-temporal neural network is reported. The data of seven digits phone numbers are used in the recognition of connected words, and in the initial experiment, digit recognition rate of 28% was achieved. In this paper, to increase recognition rate, two different approaches are analyzed. In the first system, to compensate the STNN's own defect and to emphasize the Korean word's phonic characters, the starting point of phone is pointed by comparing the average magnitude and zero-crossing rate and the ending point is pointed by comparing only zero-crossing rate. The digit recoginiton rate increased to 61%. Also, in the second system, to consider fact that same word's phone is varied severally, the number of STNN's of each word is increased from one to five, and then the varied same word's phones can be included to the increased STNN's. The digit recogniton rate of connected words increased to 89%.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.63-70
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• 2009

This paper discusses the influence on long-tenn predictions of the ship response in ocean by using the Global Wave Statistics data, GWS, and wave information from the remote sensing satellites. GWS's standard scatter diagrams of significant wave height and zero-crossing wave period are suggested to be corrected to a round number of 0.01/1000 fitted with a statistical analytic model of the conditional lognormal distribution for zero-crossing wave period. The GEOSAT satellite data are utilized which presented by I. R. Young and G. J. Holland (1996, named as GEOSAT data). At first, qualities of this data are investigated, and statistical characteristic trends are studied by means of applying known probability distribution functions. The wave height data of GEOSAT are compared to the data observed onboard merchant ships, the data observed by measure instrument installed on the ocean-going container ship and so on. To execute a long-tenn prediction of ship response, joint probability functions between wave height and wave period are introduced, therefore long-term statistical predictions are executed by using the functions.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.43-52
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• 2023

The paper aims to clarify how to make a decision using geographic information systems and how to choose the best route between two cities to suit the expectations of the driver and his sense of safety and comfort on the road. Use a special model for network analysis, where the network analysis tool relied on the following data (maximum speed of the road - number of intersections - road width - peak period) in choosing the best safe path. The paper concluded that the best safe route for refugees between the cities of Khartoum - Arqin crossing is ( Khartoum - Shendi - Atbara - Meroe - Abu Hamad - Wadi Halfa). We advise all GIS users to use the theories of spatial analysis when creating a new model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 2004

A new PIV technique was developed for decreasing optical error which was created during simultaneous measurements of velocity fields at a wall-normal plane and wall-parallel plane by a plane PIV and a Stereo-PIV systems. For experimental study, two different Reynolds number based on momentum thickness, Re$_{ =514 and 934 were generated in a blowing type wind tunnel under the condition of zero pressure gradient. The two Nd:Yag laser systems and three CCD cameras were synchronized. to obtain instantaneous velocity fields at the same time. To avoid optical noise at the crossing line by the two laser light sheets, a new optical arrangement using polarization was applied. The obtained velocity fields show the existence of hairpin packet structure vividly and the idealized hairpin vortex signature is confirmed by experiment.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.587-596
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• 2015

Recent years have shown great advances in the feasibility of long subsea tunnels. Projects such as the Channel Tunnel, the Stoerebelt Tunnel or the Bosporus Crossing have pushed the boundaries of TBM tunneling technology and fueled the work on feasibility studies for even more challenging projects such as crossing the Qiongzhou or Gibraltar Straits. There are numerous geotechnical challenges such as wide variations of ground conditions, high operation pressures or long tunnel distances and finally geological uncertainties which must be solved in order to attempt such projects. Several operational challenges such as large muck quantities interventions under difficult conditions and long transport distances also have to be tackled. TBM manufacturer and construction industry have developed a number of approaches to these challenges which point into the right technical direction and have been proven successfully in recent experiences. Their further development will allow attempting several megaprojects which are currently under discussion.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.507-515
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• 2012

We investigate the number of the solutions for the elliptic boundary value problem. We obtain a theorem which shows the existence of six weak solutions for the elliptic problem with jumping nonlinearity crossing three eigenvalues. We get this result by using the geometric mapping defined on the finite dimensional subspace. We use the contraction mapping principle to reduce the problem on the infinite dimensional space to that on the finite dimensional subspace. We construct a three dimensional subspace with three axis spanned by three eigenvalues and a mapping from the finite dimensional subspace to the one dimensional subspace.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.136-144
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• 2015

It has reported that a median bus-stop island on an exclusive median bus corridor has shortened a unit crossing distance, encouraged a pedestrian's illegal jay walking, and thus increased the number of accidents in the area. Therefore, this study plans to analyze the various crossing patterns of pedestrians at exclusive median bus corridors. This study analyzes 30,184 pedestrian crossing data which are collected from the median bus-stops, 'Express Bus Terminal,' and reveals that the rate of spatial jaywalking was 37.8%. This rate is 11.1 times higher than the rate of traffic signal violation. Therefore, this study suggests that more research needs to be done to provide a traffic safety facilities for protecting spatial crossing pedestrians and preventing jaywalking and traffic signal violation.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.115-128
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• 2015

Plumbing surfaces of links were introduced to study the geometry of the complement of the links. A basket surface is one of these plumbing surfaces and it can be presented by two sequential presentations, the first sequence is the flat plumbing basket code found by Furihata, Hirasawa and Kobayashi and the second sequence presents the number of the full twists for each of annuli. The minimum number of plumbings to obtain a basket surface of a knot is defined to be the basket number of the given knot. In present article, we first find a classification theorem about the basket number of knots. We use these sequential presentations and the classification theorem to find the basket number of all prime knots whose crossing number is 7 or less except two knots $7_1$ and $7_5$.