• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.1115-1123
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• 2007

The foot plays an important role in supporting the body and keeping body balance. An abnormal walking habit breaks the balance of the human body as well as the function of the foot. The foot orthotics which is designed to consider biomechanics effectively distributes the load of the human body on the sole of the foot. In this paper, gait analysis was performed for three male subjects wearing the orthotics. In this study, three male subjects were selected. The experimental apparatus consists of a plantar pressure analysis system and digital EMG system. The gait characteristics are simulated by ADAMS/LifeMOD. The COP (Center of Pressure), EMG and ground reaction force were investigated. As a result of gait analysis, the path of COP was improved and muscle activities were decreased with orthotics on the abnormal walking subjects.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 1992

Gait parameters for the Korean normal adults were compared with sex and age. Time-distance measurements and ground reaction force parameters were studied in relation to walking speed. Regression analysis was performed to establish functional relations between walking speed and various gait parameters. It is found that cardence and stride length varied linearly with walking velocity whereas time of double support was inversely proportional to walking velocity. The amplitude of ground reaction force was increased with increasing velocities of gait due to the greater heel-strike force and toe-off forces associated with these higher velocities. The results of this study can be usefull utilized as basic data to design and evaluate prosthetic devices, and to detect abnormal gait performances.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2010

Purpose : To investigate of gait change as Q-angle in chronic knee osteoarthritis patients. Methods : Participated osteoarthritis disease patients(n=16) and normal adults(n=16). gait measure was used by GaitRite and Q-angle measure was used by tape measur

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.689-695
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• 2003

Fault-tolerance is an important design criterion for robotic systems operating in hazardous or remote environments. This paper addresses the issue of tolerating a locked joint failure in gait planning for hexapod walking machines which have symmetric structures and legs in the form of an articulated arm with three revolute joints. A locked joint failure is one for which a joint cannot move and is locked in place. If a failed joint is locked, the workspace of the resulting leg is constrained, but hexapod walking machines have the ability to continue static walking. A strategy of fault-tolerant tripod gait is proposed and, as a specific form, a periodic tripod gait is presented in which hexapod walking machines have the maximum stride length after a locked failure. The adjustment procedure from a normal gait to the proposed fault-tolerant gait is shown to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed scheme.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.434-438
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of calcaneal taping on peak plantar pressure of rearfoot and forefoot while walking. Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects with normal feet participated in this study. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) no disturbance of gait and foot pain, (2) normal range of motion of ankle joint, (3) no foot deformity. Pedoscan was used for recording of plantar pressure data during walking. The participants walked along a 12-m walkway before and after application of calcaneal taping. The plantar pressure gait was measured 3 times under barefoot and calcaneal taping conditions randomly at a speed practiced with the metronome during gait. The peak plantar pressure data were calculated for medial and lateral areas of the rearfoot and forefoot. The paired t-test was used to determine significant differences in peak plantar pressure of rearfoot and forefoot before and after application of calcaneal taping. A p-value less than 0.05 was accepted as significant. Results: The calcaneal taping resulted in statistically significant decreases in peak plantar pressure of the rearfoot (medial side: p=0.03; lateral side: p=0.01). However, there were no significant changes in peak plantar pressure of the forefoot (medial side: p=0.45; lateral side: p=0.40). Conclusion: The calcaneal taping is recommended to reduce plantar pressure of the rearfoot in weight-bearing activities in subjects with plantar heel pain caused by atrophy of the fat pad.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.723-728
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• 2003

The physical restoration technology for lower limb amputees is being advanced as the biomechatronics is being applied to the area of rehabilitation. As the advanced prosthetics for lower limb amputees are introduced, a suitable prescription of biomechanical rehabilitation training becomes important to utilize the advanced full features of the devices. Since lower limb amputation significantly affects biomechanical balance of mosculoskeletal system for gait, an appropriate and optimal biomechanical training and exercise should be provided to rebalance the system before wearing the prostheses. Particularly, biomechanical muscular training for hip movements in the both affected and sound lower limbs is important to achieve a normal-like ambulation. However, there is no study to understand the effect of hip muscle strength on the gait performance of lower limb amputees. To understand the hip muscle strength characteristics for normal and amputated subjects, the isokinetic exercises for various ratios of concentric contraction to eccentric contraction were performed for hip flexion-extension and adduction-abduction. As a results. biomechanical isokinetic training protocols and performance measurement methodologies for lower limb amputees were developed in this study. Using the protocols and measurement methods, it has been understood that the appropriate and optimal biomechanical prescription for the rehabilitation process for lower limb amputees is important for restoring their gait ability

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2008

Background: The purpose of present study was to investigate the effect of quadriceps femoris taping in normal gait using 3D motion capture technique. Method: Twenty healthy volunteers, have no musculoskeletal problems, were recruited as subjects for this study. In experimental group, 10 males (mean age : 23.6${\pm}$.40) and 10 females (mean age : 21.3${\pm}$.36) were included. Methods of therapeutic taping that taping of patellar inferior and medial gliding and quadriceps. To obtain the dynamic data, we captured the motion of subject attached markers without taping during repeated gaits five times or more in 7 m Capture volume of gait analysis center. The result was obtained as a mean value in three times. After taping on quadriceps femoris, the same procedure was carried out. Statistical analyses were performed using statistical software packagess SPSS WIN 12.0(SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Differences were tested for statistical significance using paired t-test, independent t-test, chi-squared test for comparisons between the male and female. Results: The date of 20 subjects who carried out the whole experimental course were statistically analyzed. 1. gait velocity was showed that female group had more significantly increased than male group(p<.05). 2. step length was showed that female group had more significantly increased than male group(p<.05). 3. step width was showed that female group had more significantly increased than male group(p<.05). Conclusion: Elastic taping on quadriceps femoris promoted cadence, gait velocity, step length and step width in normal subject group.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.478-485
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the change of area and average velocity of the center of pressure (COP) according to gait improvement in post-stroke hemiplegic patients.Methods: We measured the area and the average velocity of COP displacement of ten post-stroke hemiplegic patients while they stood quietly on a force plate at the time of dependent and independent gait . We also measured the area and the average velocity of COP displacement of normal persons to verify differences between them and post-stroke hemiplegic patients.Results: The area of COP displacement decreased significantly, and the average velocity of COP displacement tended to decrease, but not significantly. There were significant differences in the area and the average velocity of COP displacement between post-stroke hemiplegic patients and normal persons.Conclusions: The results of this study show that postural control ability improves as gait improves.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate how COP displacement of a hemiplegic foot in stance phase during gait is related to clinical balance measures and the recovery stage in hemiplegic stroke patients. Twenty-eight functionally ambulant hemiplegic patients who had suffered from strokes and thirty age-matched healthy subjects participated in this study. COP parameters were calculated. Clinical balance was measured using the Functional Reach Test (FRT) and Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). The recovery stage, proprioception, and clonus of the ankles or lower extremities were also measured for physical impairment status. The COPx max-displacement in the medial-lateral side of the stroke patients was significantly longer than that of the normal group (p=.038). The COPy max-displacement in the anterior-posterior side of the stroke patients was significantly shorter than that of normal group (p<.001). Significant differences in the COPx and COPy displacement asymmetry index were found between the two groups (p<.01). The FRT was correlated with the COPx displacement (r=.552) and COPy displacement (r=.765). The TUGT was correlated with the COPy displacement (r=-.588) only. The recovery stage of the lower extremities was correlated with COPy displacement (r=.438). The results of the study indicate that the characteristic of COP displacement in hemiplegic feet in stance phase during gait is related to balance ability and recovery in stroke patients. COP parameters acquired by the mapping of foot pressure in stance phase during gait will provide additional useful clinical information. This information can be used by clinicians to assess objectively the pathologic gait with other diseases and to evaluate the therapeutic effects on gait in stroke patients.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle activity and gait pattern in lower limb depending on the outsole of heel rockers. Fifteen healthy men volunteered for this experiment. Each subject performed totally three trails with two pairs of different heel rocker shoes and a pair of normal running shoes at speed of 1.33m/s for 1 minute during walking on a treadmill. Kinematic data gathered in 100Hz was recorded and analyzed by using the 3D motion capture system to measure the trunk tilt and joint angle of the right lower limb. And the lower extremity muscle activities were simultaneously recorded in 1000Hz and assessed by using EMG. The statistical analysis was the one-way ANOVA with the repeated measures to compare among the three kinds of shoes. The level of statistical significance for all tests was 0.05. Joint angle of lower limb was showed statistically significant different in MST(hip joint), LHS(ankle joint), and RTO(knee and ankle joint). Muscle activity of rectus femoris and biceps femoris was statistically increased in both heel rocker shoes during gait cycle on treadmill. The maximum peak time of tibialis anterior in the negative heel rocker showed the delay of approximately 23.8%time than normal shoes. Gait pattern variability of the negative heel rocker was increased in the first half of the stance phase and the variability of the positive heel rocker was increased in the terminal stance phase. In Conclusion, stability was decreased in between joints of lower limb on positive heel rocker than negative heel rocker. This study found that there were different joint angle, muscle activity, gait pattern and coordinate system of the lower limb in each kind of shoes. These unstability affected the lower extremity and the whole body. A further study has to be continued with study of rehabilitation and exercise for a long-term.