• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.388-395
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 고지방 및 고콜레스테롤 식이 흰쥐에 셀레늄 강화 시금치를 공급하여 간 조직의 항산화방어계와 지질과산화에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 실험동물은 체중 $150{\pm}10g$ 내외의 Sprague-Dawley종 수컷 흰쥐를 사용하였으며, 정상식이 대조군(N), 고지방 및 고콜레스테롤 공급군(HF), 고지방 및 고콜레스테롤 공급군에 무처리 시금치 5% 공급군(SPA) 및 10% 공급군(SPB), 고지방 및 고콜레스테롤 공급군에 셀레늄 강화 처리 시금치 5% 공급군(SSA) 및 10% 공급군(SSB)으로 총 6군으로 나누었다. 식이 및 식수는 자유섭취하게 하였으며 4주간 사육한 후희생시켰다. 간 조직 중의 항산화 효소계인 SOD 활성은 HF군에 비해 셀레늄 시금치 공급군 SSA 및 SSB군에서 각각 31.4% 및 36.9% 증가하였으나 유의적인 차이는 아니였다. GSH-px 활성은 또한 SSA 및 SSB군에서 각각 5.8% 및 12.2% 증가하였으나 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았고, catalase 함량은 전체 군에서 유의적인 차이를 볼 수 없었다. 유리기를 소거하는 지표인 간 조직의 superoxide radical 함량은 microsome에서 정상군에 비해 HF군에서 86.7%의 유의적인 증가를 나타내었으나 10%의 셀레늄 강화 시금치를 공급한 SSB군에서는 HF군에 비해 54.8%로 유의적으로 감소하였다. 간 조직의 microsome에서의 산화단백질 함량은 정상군에 비해 HF 군에서 60.5%로 유의적으로 증가 되었으나 시금치의 공급으로 유의적으로 감소하였다. Mitochondria에서는 정상군에 비해 유의적으로 증가된 HF군의 carbonyl value 함량이 셀레늄 강화 시금치를 10% 공급한 SSB군에서 23.1%로 유의적으로 감소하였다. 과산화지질의 함량을 적혈구에서 관찰한 결과 정상군에 비해 HF 군에서 59.0%로 유의적으로 증가하였고 10% 무처리 시금치 공급군 및 10% 셀레늄 강화 공급군에서는 각각 유의적으로 감소하였다. 과산화지질의 함량을 간 조직에서 관찰 한 결과, 정상군에 비해 HF군에서 42.6%로 유의적으로 증가하였고, 또한 고지방 및 고콜레스테롤 식이로 인해 증가된 과산화지질은 시금치를 공급한 모든 군에서 유의적인 감소를 나타내었다. 특히 무처리 시금치 군에 비해 셀레늄 강화 시금치에서 유의적으로 더 높은 과산화지질이 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 시금치에 함유된 여러 항산화 성분이 효과적으로 활성산소종의 소거에 관여함으로써 산화적 손상을 완화시킨 결과로 보이며, 특히 시금치에 셀레늄의 처리는 항산화능의 상승효과에 기여했으리라 사료된다.

• 감성과학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2012

20세기의 자동차는 엔진의 주역할인 파워, 스피드를 중요시 하였으나, 소득수준의 향상에 따른 Well-being Trend의 확산 및 환경문제의 대두로 인해 쾌적성, 안락성, 안정성, 환경성 등을 중요시 하고 있다. 자동차용 Sub-Mat는 바닥 카펫 관리의 편의성 및 안락성 등을 위해 부가적으로 설치하는 매트로, 현재 자동차용 Sub Mat의 Backing 소재는 재생고무, PVC 등이 사용되고 있지만, 재생고무 Sub-Mat는 흡음성능이 나쁘고 PVC Backing Sub-Mat는 중량이 매우 커 연비 면에서 불리하고, 유해물질이 다량 포함되어 있어 점차적으로 사용이 어려워질 전망이다. 본 연구에서는 나일론 표피 파일 층, PE 접착 층, Backing(PET fiber)을 합포하여 제작한 sample1과 PET표피 파일 층, PE 접착층, Backing 부직포 층(PET)을 합포하여 제작한 sample2, Backing층을 PVC로 요철을 부여하여 제작한 sample3의 Non-Slip성을 평가하였으며, 이에 따른 접촉면의 변화를 비교 평가하였다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2008

We have investigated efficiency of a recombinant subunit Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) that was mixed with a vaccine consisted of inactivated whole cells of Bordetella bronchiseptica, P. multocida (types A and D). For verification of the efficacy of the vaccine, all experimental pigs (suckling piglets, sow and gilts) in the three farms were vaccinated. Antibody titers against B. bronchiseptica and P. multocida type A of the vaccinated pigs by microplate agglutination were significantly higher than those of the control pigs (p < 0.05). Similar patterns were observed in the analysis of anti- PMT neutralizing antibody by serum neutralizing method using Vero cell (p < 0.05). Anti- P. multocida type D antibody titer of the vaccinated sows and gilts by ELISA showed significant differences with those of the non-vaccinated pigs (p < 0.05). Although antibody titers increased, it was unable to find out the difference in the clinical signs between the vaccinated and non-vaccinated pigs. However, the increase in body weight of the vaccinated piglets was observed in comparison with the non-vaccinated piglets on a farm. At slaughtering of the pigs, pathological lesions in the turbinate bones of the vaccinated pigs were significantly lower than those of the non-vaccinated pigs (p < 0.001). These results suggested that efficacy of the vaccine in pigs demonstrated to protect against atrophic rhinitis in Korea.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.365-381
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• 2016

This study compared and analyzed current sleeve head products for men and women to develop sleeve head products for aesthetically-designed sleeves. Men and women's sleeve head products, suitable for sleeve caps, were designed and developed based on the results. The study results are as follows. First, men and women's sleeve heads for aesthetic jacket sleeves were designed with sleeve patterns in the background. Sleeve heads and upper sleeves were additionally designed to make 7-layers for men and 4-layers for women. Second, sleeve head patterns were designed so that men's would have a whole length of 48cm, an angle of $30^{\circ}$ and a width of 4.5-7.5cm; in addition, women's would be 40cm, $30^{\circ}$ and 4-5cm. Third, the same materials were used for men's and women's sleeve head products, and the background was made from 1-layer of soft non-woven fabric. As for the sleeve heads, 2-layers and 1-layer of non-fusible interlinings were used for men's and women's, respectively. In order to provide flexibility, the materials were designed in a bias direction. For upper sleeves, 1-layer of non-woven fabric and felt were used for men's, and 1-layer of felt for women's so that an empty space caused by easing contraction can be supplemented.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.303-314
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• 2004

We studied daily micronutrient intake from vitamin-mineral supplements, health-related life style, clinical case of diseases and food frequency of the Korean middle-aged (40-59 yr, n = 404) to compare the characteristics of non-user (n = 270) and user (n = 134) of vitamin-mineral supplements. Rate of supplement use of the middle-aged was 33.2% and there was significant difference in education level (p = 0.0084) and family income (p = 0.0476) of user and nonuser. Smoking habit (p = 0.0844) and drinking frequency (p = 0.0606) tended to be lower in a supplement user than a non-user. The medical history of a case was significantly higher in users (67.9%) than in non-users (44.4%) (p = 0.001), which suggests that medical history is one of the important motivations of supplement use. Supplement users had the medical history of digestive disease (34.1%), anemia (11.0%) and hypertension (9.9%) in order. Vitamin C was the most frequently supplemented nutrient (81.3%) among vitamin-mineral supplement, and the next orders were vitamins E (73.1%), B$_2$(68.7%) and B$_{6}$ (60.4%). Mean intakes of vitamin B$_1$, iron, selenium, vitamin E, and vitamin C from supplement was 4,260%, 4,030%, 1,660% and 1,330% of RDA, respectively. The supplement users tended to consume most food items including milk ＆ milk products (p ＜ 0.01), rice (p ＜ 0.01), grains (p ＜ 0.05) and cookies (p ＜ 0.01) less frequently than non-users. Conclusively, nutrient intake of vitamin B$_1$, iron, selenium, vitamin E, and vitamin C from supplement was excessively high compared to RDA. We suggest that the toxic effect of excessive supplementation should he informed to supplement user and nutritional education should be focused on the optimal supplement dose.e.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.253-259
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• 1999

제초제 bialaphos에 저항성인 phosphinothricin ace-tytransferase gene이 도입된 형질전환 감자 식물체에서 유전자의 간편한 확인방법을 확립하였다. 먼저 형질전환체와 대조식물체의 잎 disc를 취해 bialaphos 5mg/l를 처리한 액체배지에 치상하였을 때 배양 25일이면 대조식물체의 잎 disc는 완전히 고사되어 형질전환체와 구별이 가능하였다. 감자의 뿌리 생육 비교실험에서는 bialaphos 0.5mg/l의 농도에 agar를 0.6% 첨가한 선발배지에서 식물체의 정단부위를 치상하여 비교하였을 때 7-10일이면 뿌리의 생육차이를 이용하여 간편하게 형질전환여부를 판정할 수 있었다. 또한 감자의 잎 disc를 제초제 bialaphos 0.5mg/l를 처리한 액체배지에 치상하여 15일이 경과한 후 chlorophyll A의 함량을 측정하였을때 형질전환체는 대조식물체보다 2.5배 정도 많은 chlorophyll A를 가지고 있어 형질전환체의 조기 판별시 chlorophyll A함량에 의해 검증이 가능하였다. 한편, 이렇게 형질전환 여부가 확인된 감자 식물체를 이용하여 PAT효소의 활성을 측정한 결과 대조 식물체에서는 PAT효소의 활성을 보이지 않았으나 형질전환 식물체에서는 모두 효소의 활성이 높았다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2022

국방부는 2015년부터 부사관학군단(RNTC) 제도를 전문대학을 대상으로 다시 도입하여 5년 동안 시범 적용을 하게 되었다. 그 배경으로는 군의 우수 부사관 획득이 어려우며 인력 운영 수준이 저조하기 때문이다. 부사관학군단(RNTC) 제도 시행을 통해 군은 전문대학에서 다양한 전공 분야별 우수한 자원으로 부사관을 안정적으로 획득하길 기대하고, 전문대학은 입시와 취업에 긍정적인 성과를 기대하였다. 그러나 시범운영 결과를 분석해 볼 때 기대했던 성과를 거두지 못했다고 평가할 수 있다. 즉, 부사관학군단(RNTC) 후보생 모집 홍보, 선발, 학군단 운영, 군과 전문대학의 협조체계등에서 제도 시행의 목적을 달성할 수 있도록 제도의 보완 및 개선이 필요함을 발견할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 전문대학에서 부사관학군단(RNTC) 제도가 원활하게 정착되어 군과 전문대학에서 기대하는 성과를 얻을 수 있도록 제도와 운영시스템 보완을 위한 발전방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2024

A viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state is a survival strategy adopted by bacteria when faced with unfavorable environmental conditions, rendering them unable to grow on nutrient agar while maintaining low metabolic activity. This study explored the impact of temperature and nutrient availability on inducing VBNC state in Edwardsiella piscicida, the most important bacterial fish pathogen, and assessed its pathogenicity at VBNC state. E. piscicida was suspended in filtered sterile seawater and exposed to three different temperatures (4, 10, and 25℃) to induce the VBNC state. Subsequently, the induced VBNC cells were subjected to resuscitation by either raising the temperature to 28℃ or inoculating them in brain heart infusion broth supplemented with 1% NaCl. A propidium monoazide (PMA)-qPCR method was also developed to selectively quantify live (VBNC or culturable) E. piscicida cells. The results showed that the bacteria entered the VBNC state after approximately 1 month at 4℃ and 25℃, and 2 months at 10℃. The VBNC E. piscicida cells were successfully revived within 3 days in a nutrient-rich environment at 28℃, highlighting the significance of temperature and nutrition in inducing and resuscitating the VBNC state. In pathogenicity tests, resuscitated E. piscicida cells exhibited high pathogenicity in olive flounder comparable to cultured bacteria, while VBNC cells showed no signs of infection, suggesting they are unlikely to resuscitate in fish. In conclusion, this study contributes to our understanding of fish pathogen ecology by investigating the characteristics of the VBNC state under varying temperature and nutrition conditions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1215-1221
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• 2007

Three Holstein steers fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulae were fed grass silage-based diets supplemented with potato pulp silage as a substitute for rolled corn at levels of 0%, 50% and 100% on a DM basis in a $3{\times}3$ Latin square design to investigate the effect of potato pulp silage on nitrogen (N) utilization in ruminants. Organic matter (OM) intake, and rumen and total tract digestibilities did not differ among treatment diets. Rumen and post-rumen starch digestibilities were similar among treatments, although starch intake decreased (p<0.01) with potato pulp supplementation. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in ruminal N utilization and non-ammonia N supply to the duodenum of steers fed grass silage supplemented with potato pulp silage as a substitute for rolled corn. There were no treatment differences (p>0.05) in rumen pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration or the molar percentages of acetate and propionate. The ammonia-N concentration in rumen fluid tended to decrease (p<0.1) when rolled corn was substituted with potato pulp silage. Ether extract intake and post-ruminal digestibility significantly (p<0.01) decreased in steers fed diets containing potato pulp silage. Concentrations of total cholesterol and phospholipids in serum markedly decreased (p<0.01) with potato pulp silage supplementation without adversely affecting liver function. These data suggested that potato pulp silage has a similar value as rolled corn as an energy source for rumen microorganisms.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of in vitro culture media on embryonic development of in vitro-matured (IVM) oocytes after parthenogenetic activation (PA) in pigs. Immature pig oocytes were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with porcine follicular fluid, cysteine, pyruvate, EGF, insulin, and hormones for the first 22 h and then further cultured in hormone-free medium for an additional 22~26 h. IVM oocytes were activated by electric pulses and cultured in porcine zygote medium-3 (PZM-3) and North Carolina State University-23 supplemented with essential and non-essential amino acids (NCSU-23aa). These media were further modified by supplementing 2.77 mM myo-inositol, 0.34 mM trisodium citrate, and $10{\mu}M$ ${\beta}$-mercaptoethanol (designated as mPZM-3 and mNCSU-23aa, respectively). Culture of PA embryos in mPZM-3 significantly increased development to the blastocyst stage than culture in NCSU-23aa (36.2% vs. 24.8%, p<0.05). Modified PZM-3 showed a significantly higher blastocyst formation than NCSU-23aa in both groups of embryos that were activated at 44 h and 48 h of IVM (51.0% vs. 35.5% and 49.0% vs. 34.2% in oocytes activated at 44 h and 48 h of IVM, respectively). Irrespective of the follicle diameter where oocytes were collected, embryonic development to the blastocyst stage was increased (p<0.05) by the culture in mPZM-3 compared to culture in NCSU-23aa (25.9% vs. 34.2% and 32.9% vs. 44.8% in embryos derived from small and medium size follicles, respectively). Our results demonstrated that culture media had significant effect on preimplantation development PA embryos and that mPZM-3 was superior to mNCSU-23 in supporting development to the blastocyst stage in pigs. This beneficial effect of mPZM-3 on embryonic development was not impaired by other factors such as time of oocyte activation and origin of immature oocytes (small and medium size follicles).