• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.89-101
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• 2000

This study was carried out to compare the bone mineral density and risk factors of osteoporosis between normal and rheumatoid arthritis in postmenopausal women. Sixty-eight postmenopausal patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) were compared with 124 postmenopausal normal women. Data were collected from october, 1998 to April, 1999 at Dong-a university hospital in Pusan. From all subjects, individual characteristics such as age, body weight, height, age of menarche, duration of menopause, gravity, parity, and breast feeding period and factors of life style such as milk consumption, exercise, alcohol intake, cigarette smoking, coffee consumption were identified as influencing factors of osteoporosis by questionnaire. From RA patients, health assessment score, Ritchie articular index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and steroid dosage were measured by rheumatologist on measuring bone mineral density. Bone mineral density was measured at the Lumbar spine, femoral neck, femur Ward's triangle, and femur trochanter using dual x-ray absorptiometry. The data was analyzed by using a frequency, t-test, Chi-square, ANCOVA with SPSS PC program. The results could be summarized as follows : 1) There was a significant difference in age and breast feeding period between RA patients and normal women. 2) RA patients took less calcium in the past and practiced less regular exercise in past and present than normal women. 3) There was no difference in lumbar bone mineral density between RA patients and normal women. 4) There was a significant difference in femur Ward's triangle and femur trochanter between RA patients and normal women after adjustment for age and breast feeding period. 5) The prevalence of osteoporosis of all subjects was the highest in femur Ward's triangle. In summary, our findings suggest that the bone mineral densities of femur Ward's triangle and trochanter in postmenopausal women with RA is significantly lower than normal women. Also the exercise participation rate of postmenopausal women with RA is lower than normal women. For the further study, we recommend to develop exercise program that improve the bone mineral density in femur Ward's triangle and trochanter and to test the effect of that exercise program.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.413-418
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• 2015

본 연구는 K대학교에서 비만 또는 과체중 학생을 대상으로 4주간 운영하는 체중조절 프로그램에 개입하여 프로그램 전후의 비만지표 변화와 치주지표 변화를 조사하고 분석하였다. 그 결과, 체중, 허리둘레, 체질량지수, 체지방률, 복부지방률은 모두 유의하게 감소하였고 치면세균막지수는 유의하게 증가하였으며 치은지수, 탐침시 출혈부위수, 천치주낭부위수는 유의한 변화가 없었다. 성별, 흡연, 음주의 특성이 비만지표 변화와 치주지표 변화에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 그러나 프로그램 전후 차이 지표 변화의 상관분석에 체지방율 변화와 탐침시 출혈부위수 변화가 강한 양의 상관관계를 나타내었고 복부지방률 변화와 천치주낭 부위수 변화가 중정도의 양의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 탐침시 출혈 부위수 변화에 대한 체지방률의 설명력은 58.9%로 나타났다. 따라서 체지방률과 복부지방률이 치주 임상지표와 연관성이 있으며, 비만 감소는 치주 건강에 영향을 끼칠 수 있다고 제안한다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.347-358
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the association between oral health status and pulmonary ventilatory defects. Methods: The 6th (2013-2015) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data was used. The study subjects were those aged 40-79 who had pulmonary function examination. Complex samples general linear model analysis, Complex samples cross-tabulation analysis, and Complex samples logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results: In terms of restrictive ventilatory defects, the study subjects (8.3%) who recognized that their oral health status was bad outnumbered those who recognized that their oral health status was good (6.1%) (p<0.05). Many of the study subjects who experienced difficulty in biting, chewing and/or speech, and who had an unhealthy periodontal had restrictive ventilatory defects and obstructive ventilatory defects (p<0.05). The association between oral health status and pulmonary ventilatory defects was analyzed. The findings showed that those who had unhealthy periodontal had a 1.33 times higher probability of pulmonary ventilatory defects than those who had a healthy periodontal (p<0.05). After taking into account general characteristics (age, sex, incomes, education, and smoking) of the subjects, the association between oral health status and pulmonary ventilatory defects was analyzed. The result found that only in cases where one experienced dental caries was an association with pulmonary ventilatory defects found. In other words, those who had dental caries showed a 0.73 times higher probability of pulmonary ventilatory defects than those who had no dental caries (p<0.05). Conclusions: Based on the findings of this research, oral health status was found to be associated with pulmonary ventilatory defects. To improve oral health, it is necessary to provide life-cycle stages based oral health education. Therefore, it is required to develop an oral health education program and develop a national oral health policy.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2016

Background: The aim of this study was to increase knowledge regarding the dangers associated with tobacco use, and decrease secondhand smoke exposure and tobacco use behaviors with an antitobacco messaging campaign among rural, medically underserved, blue-collar workers. Methods: A quasiexperimental study was conducted with employees at two worksites. One worksite received the intervention, which consisted of nine different antitobacco messages. Baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted at each worksite to assess change in knowledge and behavior; the data were compared across the two worksites. Results: Two hundred twenty-two and 243 participants completed baseline and follow-up surveys at the intervention and comparison sites, respectively. A statistically significant difference was seen over time between the worksites on knowledge of the dangers of tobacco (p < 0.0001); the mean knowledge score increased at the intervention site, but remained unchanged at the comparison site. In general, non-smokers at both worksites appeared to try to decrease exposure to secondhand smoke over the follow-up period. Repeated measures analysis indicated that there were no differences in motivation to quit (p = 0.81), interest in quitting (p = 0.40), thinking about quitting (p = 0.53), or several tobacco-use behaviors over time among smokers at the intervention and comparison worksites. There were slight increases over time in the proportion of smokers who do not allow smoking in their homes/vehicles at the intervention worksite, although not statistically significant. Conclusion: Participants at the intervention worksite increased their knowledge regarding the dangers of tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure. Among current tobacco users, the intervention appeared to increase family rules regarding secondhand smoke exposure in their homes and vehicles.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional knowledge, nutrients intake and the assessment of dietary behavior of old peoples living in Incheon area. Two hundred and three elderly were examined using the questionnaire. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. The old people was lacking in correct information about nutrition and diseases. 2. The nutritional knowledge scores of old women were higher than those of old men and the scores went up according to the amount of pocket money. 3. The amount of vitamin C and phosphorus intakes were higher than those of the RDA, protein intake reached the level of the RDA. The vitamin B$_2$intake, however, was below 75% of the RDA and that of calcium was very low in women, especially. 4. Most of subjects had a meal regularly three times a day and the skipping rate of breakfast was very low. Dey had a moderate meal volume and did not have an unbalanced diet. Dey nearly do not take the processed food, dine out and exceed in the cholesterol intake. 5. They took green and yellow vegetables and, milk and milk products relatively small. On the other hand, the intake of caffein beverage was relatively high. the rates of drinking and smoking were low. From these results, we may propose the conclusion as follows: The old people were much concerned about the nutrition and diseases, but they had no correct informations about them. Therefore, the program of nutrition and dietary behavior for their healthy elderly life had to be prepared and to be applied to them immediately.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.37-48
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• 1994

In order to grasp the occupational add social characteristics of the onset of lumbago among elementary and high school teachers, 423 elementary and high school teachers were taken as subjects of study through questionaires. The following are the results of the study which were analyzed through data, conducted for one month in the City of Taegu, between Jun. 90, and Jul. 20 of 1993: 1. the incidence of lumbago of the entire teachers was $75.2\%$, with the elementary school teacher$(81.9\%)$ higher than high school teacher$(70.6\%)$. 2. In the relationship between the characteristics of job and lumbago. characteristics of teaching, monthly income, chores and satisfaction with job did not show significance, but weekly teaching hours, mental stress and the degree of comfort of chair reflected significantly(p<0.01). 3. In social relationship, personal nature, sleeping hours and place, smoking and drinking did not hold significance, but daily average walking hours, posture during sleep, general health conidition(p<0.01) and daily average riding hours and regular exercise(p<0.05) etc. showed significant relationships. 4. In the sistuation of lumbago of the teacher groups, no significant differences wee found in the cause of lumbago, duration of lumbago, sick leaves and recognigion of lumbago, but it was contrary in the treatment of lumbago(p<0.01). Based on the above results, lumbago is closely related to occupational and social factors, the prevention and treatment can be diversified based on occupation and environment. Consequently, regular educational program is considered imperative mainly on prevention of lumbago by putting aside time for such purpose.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the influence of health point system on the lifestyle among the patients with chronic diseases listed in iCDMS, a project of the Incheon Metropolitan Center for Chronic Disease Control and Prevention. Methods: The data were collected 1,000 persons among the patients listed in iCDMS from March 16, 2009 to December 21, 2010 by telephone survey. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, odds ratio and logistic regression with the SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The higher the percentage of the accumulation of the points of necessary medical examinations they have, the better the lifestyle the participants practice moderation in drinking, exercise, and diet (p<.05). Also the higher the percentage e accumulative points of education and visit, the stronger the intention to improve the lifestyle such as for example, receiving the guidance of no smoking, giving up drinking, or being conscious of nutrition and obesity (p<.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that the motivation through an incentive system can increase self-care make an effect on the care of patients with chronic diseases.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2008

Allergic diseases have been dramarically increased over recent years, especially in industrialized countries. Oxidative stress has been believed to playa significant role in the occurrence of the allergic inflammatory responses. Although previous studies concerning oxidative stress and systemic inflammation have been reported, few data is available, and other allergic diseases, except for asthma, are hardly studied about the association with oxidative stress. This study evaluated the relationship between allergic disease and Malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator of oxidative stress. The study population was 197 male adults living in an industrial area. The ISAAC questionnaire was used to confirm wheezing and rhinitis, and atopy was evaluated by skin prick test. MDA was analyzed by spectrophotometer. To examine bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), methacholine test was performed, and the index of bronchial responsiveness (BR index) was calculated. We used multivariate logistic regression model and general linear model with SAS program. We found significant associations of MDA with brindex (p=0.023), rhinitis (p=0.016), atopy (p=0.03), adjusted by age, smoking, and body mass index (BMI). On the contrary, there was no significant difference of MDA with the status of asthma. Our result suggests that oxidative stress may playa major role in the occurrence of allergic response in male adults.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1977-1980
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• 2014

Background: The popularity of the narghile waterpipe, also referred to as hookah, shisha or hubble-bubble has increased tremendously during the past few decades. The aim of this study was to expose perception of narghile among a representative sample of university students in Sakarya University campus. Materials and Methods: Written approval was taken from the local education authority. An anonymous questionnaire which was prepared by the investigators and contained 17 questions was administered. Nine of the questions were related to socio-demographic characteristics and eight were related to the students harm perceptions about waterpipe. A total of 1,320 questionnaries were received and after preliminary evaluation 1,255 (95.7%) were found to be suitable for evaluation. The data was evaluated in SPSS program by using percentages and averages. Results: The $mean{\pm}SD$ age of the students was $20.8{\pm}2.29$ years (min 18, max 32). There were 864 (68.8%) females and 391 (31.2%) males. A total of 6.3 % of the students (n=79) believed that waterpipe is not harmful because its smoke does not burn the lungs. Almost one-third (n=318) think that the carcinogenic chemicals are filtered while waterpipe smoke passes from the water; 12.1 % of the students (n=152) checked "true" for the statement of "waterpipe smoke contains no nicotine". It is seen that 14.0 % of the students (n=176) think waterpipe with fruit/aroma is healthier than plain waterpipe. Conclusions: As a result of this study, it is found out that a substantial number of university students have false beliefs on harmful effects of waterpipe smoking.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.773-788
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in nutrient intake according to the level of self-perception of health status, aging status and life satisfaction of the rural elderly. The factors for the study were surveyed by interview method. The subjects were 270 people(71 male, 129 female) aged over 65 years(73.5 $\pm$ 5.6ys) in the Ham-an area. The obtained results as follows : By evaluation of self-perception of health status, 57.5% of subjects answered they are in a bad health condition. The 91.5% of subjects had diseases(rheumatitis & arthritis 31.4%, cardiovascular disease 20.2%, gastric disease 10.2%). The women had more diseases than the men(p < 0.01). The subjects took medical treatment in private hospital(40.5%) and public health centers(35.0%). The men showed better level of aging status(p < 0.001) and life satisfaction index(p < 0.01) than the worsen. Living with spouse influenced the aging status(p < 0.05) and the more pocket money influenced life satisfaction(p < 0.05) and aging status(p < 0.05). The elderly who eat regularly 3 times a day(p < 0.05) and have a good appetite(p < 0.001) appeared to have positive effect on the self perception of health status and aging status. An increasing level of the self-perception of health status and regular exercise worked to improve aging status(p < 0.001). The habits of smoking and alcohol drinking, however had no effect on any index. The self-perception of health status affected the nutrient intake, but only in female elderly. The aging status and the life satisfaction index related overall positively to the intake of nutrients. In conclusion, the study shows that gender did influence nutrient intake in the elderly. The women who live alone rated lowest in social resources and health condition therefore their nutrient intake was also extremely in deficit. For successful aging, a program for rural elderly is needed, i.e. actions to provide minimum economic life, food delivery and psychological/physical health care through regional public health centers.