• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.488-495
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• 2018

The p53 gene plays a critical role in the transcriptional regulation of cellular response to stress, DNA damage, hypoxia, and tumor development. Keeping in mind the recently discovered manifold physiological functions of p53, its involvement in the regulation of cancer is not surprising. In about 50% of all human cancers, inactivation of p53's protein function occurs either through mutations in the gene itself or defects in the mechanisms that activate it. This disorder plays a crucial role in tumor evolution by allowing the evasion of a p53-dependent response. Many recent studies have focused on directly targeting p53 mutants by identifying selective, small molecular compounds to deplete them or to restore their tumor-suppressive function. These small molecules should effectively regulate various interactions while maintaining good drug-like properties. Among them, the discovery of the key p53-negative regulator, MDM2, has led to the design of new small molecule inhibitors that block the interaction between p53 and MDM2. Some of these small molecule compounds have now moved from proof-of-concept studies into clinical trials, with prospects for further, more personalized anti-carcinogenic medicines. Here, we review the structural and functional consequences of wild type and mutant p53 as well as the development of therapeutic agents that directly target this gene, and compounds that inhibit the interaction between it and MDM2.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.81-92
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• 2013

Purpose - This study empirically analyzes the effect of improvements in the quality of service management performance of college education on traders' conscious change of business management innovation and diverse sales expertise for a year. The use of traders' conscious changes and sales expertise as variables for the verification of the effects of parameters related to the active trader's traditional education market is a desirable direction. The method of research reflects the quality of education service, management result, traders' conscious changes, and sales expertise to understand the precise essence and definition of teaching quality at merchant colleges through theoretical consideration. Moreover, its impact on traders' conscious changes and sales expertise in empirical analysis acts as an intermediary. Research design, data, methodology - The hypothesis of this study leverages the SPSS statistical program. To gather actual proof, sample survey for theoretical research examined 262 valid papers of the 300 papers written by 10 merchants who graduated from merchant's university. First, using the SERVQUAL model, Parasuraman et al. (1996) indicated that for quality of education service, the configuration of factors is the same as the sympathetic performance, that is, responsiveness and empathy, and traders are aware of these elements. However, our preliminary investigation revealed that traders' university education has been excluded as a component of quality of service in the earlier studies. Moreover, we found that certainty of knowledge, reliability, and sympathy are influenced by challenges and by the changing intentions of merchant consciousness. In addition, our study confirms that improvements in convincing abilities and sales technique have a positive impact. Second, merchants' and traders' expertise are proven to affect business performance. In other words, university education of traders and merchants affects the consciousness of consumers, and changes patterns of sales. Third, the quality of service management education and change in the consciousness has a considerable impact on the trader, thereby maximizing business performance and acting as an intermediary for verification. Fourth, the quality of service management education affects the trader's sales expertise to maximize business performance. Results - To summarize, the quality of college educational services relates to the improvement of business performance and the role of the resulting virtuous cycle. Consequently, we can look for suggestions in the traditional markets, where the Government pays attention to the exterior environmental factors as well as to the changing business environment. However, the most important aspect is the merchant awareness. That is, a merchant should understand the distribution environment. Several competitor and trend analyses should be conducted to meet customers' expectations positively and proactively cope with any challenges related to changes. Further, expertise in sales and marketing skills need to be acquired to improve customer convincing abilities and develop a customer-oriented mindset. Conclusions - According to the changes in consumption trends of business enterprises, new management techniques are required to survive competition by improving traditional markets, which will necessitate more competitive education programs in merchant universities.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.61-105
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• 2007

The Hospitalized Acquired Infection is defined as the case where the hidden infection or not found at the time of hospitalization occurs during the hospitalized period or, within 30 days to those who performed the surgery operation and then left the hospital. About 2/3 of the Hospitalized Acquired Infection are found as having the internal infection cases that are occurred by the patients' own virus due to the lowered immune system, while about 1/3 are found as having the external infection. The latter 1/3 of the external infection cases can be prevented through the infection management. And in case the new Hospitalized Acquired Infection case occur to the patient who was treated in the hospital, its responsibility issue will matter. As well in the disputes over the Hospitalized Acquired Infection cases, the cause-result relation between the damages and the medical staff's fault and as to whether there is failure of the medical staff or not. personnel should be proved in the medical-malpractice cases. In addition, the difficulties in proving such as expertise, secrecy propensity, discrete propensity and incompleteness will be considered to ease the burden of patient side's proving. Probability theory, Fact based assumption theory, Most adequate plaintiff preassumption or Expressed evidence theories are being discussed as the theories of eased burden of proof. In the result of gathering and reviewing Korea's precedent cases concerning the Hospitalized Acquired Infection, there are only a few accumulated prece dent cases and the attitude of the court also are also not consistent. Therefore, there are the precedents where the cause-result relation and the failure are immediately assumed when (1) timely proximity between the medical behavior and malpractice results, (2) proximity between the medical behavior-applied parts and the malpractice results-found parts, and (3) lack of other causes are separately evidenced; while the are the precedents only when 'the existence of the medical faults based on the common sense' is separately evidenced. It was found that the former and latter cases coexisted. The former is considered as based on the theory that separates the fault and cause-result relation not to consider them together, or regarded as based on the doubts that assumes the medical staff's neglect even though the Hospitalized Acquired Infection might be completely prevented by their efforts. However, the modern medical technology has the limitation as far as the prevention of the Hospitalized Acquired Infection. In conclusion, the assumption of the cause-result relation and that of the fault should be separately reviewed. Therefore, the latter precedents are considered as more reasonable, in the point the faulty behavior may be proved based on the common sense.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5541-5549
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• 2015

This paper introduces a safer and more power efficient heater by using induction heating, to apply to the semiconductor wafer fabrication exhaust gas cleaning system. The exhaust gas cleaning system is currently made with filament heater that generates an endothermic reaction of N2 gas for the removal of moisture. Induction theory, through the bases of theoretical optimization and electronic implementation, is applied in the design of the induction heater specifically for the semiconductor wafer exhaust system. The new induction heating design provides a solution to the issues with the current energy inefficient, unreliable, and unsafe design. A robust and calibrated design of the induction heater is used to optimize the energy consumption. Optimization is based on the calibrated ZVS induction circuit design specified by the resonant frequency of the exhaust pipe. The fail-safe energy limiter embedded in the system uses a voltage regulator through the feedback of the MOSFET control, which allows the system performance to operate within the specification of the N2 Heater unit. A specification and performance comparison from current conventional filament heater is made with the calibrated induction heater design for numerical analysis and the proof of a better design.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.84-96
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• 2013

Recently, architectural design has been changing from formal design to freeform design due to the digitalization of construction industry. Especially, the formal design has been accepted as a design trend recently and applied many times as a design concept in the architectural design competitions such as turn-key. However, various deflects such as water leak and cracks have been occurred because the traditional construction methods had been applied without any revision or adaptation of the formal construction method for the freeform building construction. Design and construction of freeform building has been developed as an new method in order to solve the problems and minimize the construction duration and cost for the freeform building. Therefore this research deduced the positive implications for developing freefrom envelope by analyzing the domestic and abroad cases and proposed the considerations during design and construction of the freeform envelope as follows. First, the freeform design should consider the constructability for the freeform envelope. Second, manufacturing technology for the two-way curvature of the unit panel should be developed. Third, exposed concrete form method should be developed for the freeform envelope of concrete. Forth, material characteristics, construction method and facility management should be considered in order to manage precipitation and keep water-proof according to the classification of the freeform envelope area.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.53-89
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• 2006

At its thirty-second session(Vienna, 17 May-4 June 1999), the UNCITRAL decided that the priority items for the Working Group(Arbitration and Conciliation) should include enforceability of interim measures and the requirement of written (on for the arbitration agreement. The Working Group, at its forty-third session(Vienna, 3-7 October 2005), it had undertaken a detailed review of the text of the revised article 17 of UNCTTRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration, and it had resumed discussions on a draft model legislative provision revising article 7, paragraph (2) of UNCITRAL Model Law. The purpose of this paper is to make research on the contents and issues of the draft legislative provisions on interim measures and preliminary orders, and on the form of arbitration agreement which the Working Group discussed and adopted at its forth-fourth session(New York, 23-27 January 2006). The draft legislative provisions on interim measures and preliminary orders are composed of the following provisions : Article 17-power of arbitral tribunal to order interim measures; article 17 bis-conditions for granting interim measures; article 17 ter-applications for preliminary orders and conditions for granting preliminary orders; article 17 quater-specific regime for preliminary orders; article 17 quinquies- modification, suspension, termination; article 17 sexies-provision of security; article 17 septies-disclosure; article 17 octies-costs and damages; article 17 novies recognition and enforcements; article 17 decies-grounds for refusing recognition or enforcement; article 17 undecies-court-ordered interim measures. There are the following issues in the draft legislative provisions on interim measures and preliminary orders : form of issuance of an interim measures in article 17(2); conditions for granting interim measures in article 17 bis; purpose, function and legal regime of preliminary orders in article 17 ter; obligation of arbitral tribunal to give notice, and non-enforceability of preliminary orders in article 17 quater; burden of proof, interplay between article 17 decies and article 34, and decision on the recognition and enforcement of the interim measures in article 17 decies; placement of article 17 undecies; amendment of scope exception of application in article 1(2). The draft legislative provisions on the form of arbitration agreement are composed of the following provisions : article 7(1) definition of arbitration agreement; article 7(2) arbitration agreement in writing; article 7(3) arbitration agreement if its terms(content) are (is) recorded in any form; article 7(4) arbitration agreement by an electronic communication; article 7(5) arbitration agreement in an exchange of statements of claim and defence; article 7(6) reference to any document containing an arbitration clause. There are the following issues in the draft legislative provisions on the form of arbitration agreement : arbitration agreement in writing in article 7(2); terms or contents of arbitration agreement in article 7(3); arbitration agreement by electronic communication in article 7(4); existence of arbitration agreement in article 7(5); reference to any document containing an arbitration clause in article 7(6); the alternative proposal on article 7; amendment to article 35(2).

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.11
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• pp.123-130
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• 1969

Five varieties of sweetpotatoes recommended in Korea were investigated with respect to the storing capacity, resin content and the possibility of developing sweetpotato chips as a new processed food item. The results are summarized as follows: 1) Two varieties, Suwon No. 147 and Chun-Mi were more resistant to chilling injury and soft-rot decay than other varieties. 2) The contents of resinous and polyphenolic substances were quite different depending upon the variety. 3) Sweetpotato chips of different color were made from different varieties and rapeseed oil was found to be the best as frying oil. 4) Best conditions to prepare sweetpotato chips with fresh color and proper texture were to dip slices of 1-2 mm thickness in 0.25% sodium bisulfite solution at $40^{\circ}C$ for 30-40 minutes and to subject to deep frying in an oil bath at $150-160^{\circ}C$ for 2.5 to 3.5 minutes. 5) Polyethylene-cellophane film as packing material of sweetpotato chips was the film in the moisture proof and film-impact tests.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.47-53
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• 2009

This research is intended to study the induction net of chrysanthemum used in its greenhouse and requiring lots of time for manual work and review the structural safety of a bed and existing greenhouses after designing the bed of a net which increases cropping period by sharply reducing the time of work and provides the bed of induction nets for cultivating chrysanthemum with its existing and new greenhouse. The review of sectional and biodynamic properties in 15 kinds of materials has revealed that the pipes of ${\phi}38.1{\times}1.7t$and ${\phi}38.1{\times}2.0t$ didn't exceed stress ratio but did 10mm drooping allowance. For this reason, the pipe of ${\phi}48.1{\times}1.5t$ net both stress ratio and drooping allowance. For the safety, the middle chamber should be designed into Truss type owing to bed load, wind load, and snow load when the bed of an induction net is installed in the middle chamber. When installing the middle chamber with a truss type, the greenhouse of chrysanthemum in Geochang area needs proper reinforcements because the stress in colullllls and wind proof walls exceeds stress allowance regardless of the installation of a bed.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.148
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• pp.101-128
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• 2018

While there are various opinions about the relationship of Schiller's thought and Kant's, it is undeniable that Schiller owes much to Kant. What distinguished Schiller from other Weimar thinkers at his time, such as Goethe, Herder and Wieland, was that unlike them Schiller accepted Kant's project of critical philosophy. In fact, Schiller did not just accept it, but tried to interpret and formulate anew the relation of beauty and morality and some other aesthetical-ethical ideals on the basis of the new philosophy. Schiller's famous project of 'aesthetic education of mankind' itself is the product of such an endeavor. In this work we follow the history of Schiller's acceptance of Kant's critical philosophy and ruminate over its implications. And then, we'll show that Schiller's 'beautiful soul' in Grace and Dignity (1793), which is often suggested to be a proof of Schiller's conflict with Kant, was understood on the basis of Kant's moral theory. In this part of the work, we compare Schiller's ideal of the 'beautiful soul' and Shaftesbury's ethical thought, which is often presumed to be its background. From this comparison we'll be able to see that there is a considerable disparity, despite apparent similarities, between Schiller's and Shaftesbury's ethical ideals, which is due to their respective philosophical sources, that is neo-platonic metaphysics and Kant's critical philosophy.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.466-476
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• 2019

This study suggested a way to compose a flexible environment capable of meeting the needs of various users from the aged people to challenged people, and ordinary people by applying the concept of universal design. The purpose of this study was to develop a more convenient environment by deriving the best size and color for each subject and constructing a detailed design platform for each module. For this, the concept of universal design as well as the current bathroom designs were examined and various users were analyzed prior to developing the design. A virtual environment was prepared based on the results and its usability was evaluated in two phases with various users including the aged people, challenged people, and ordinary people. As a result, it received quite a favorable evaluation from users, over 90 out of 100 in average, which can be regarded as a proof that it is differentiated from existing bathrooms. This study may lead to the change in the paradigm of bathroom in residential space, development of safer and comfortable domestic environment, and the enhancement of the quality of healthy life through the development of a design platform for each module that provides new experiences to various users. It is hoped that these modular systems are continuously studied not only for bathrooms but also for various residential spaces where people can stay.