• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1089-1102
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• 2022

Recently, urbanization has become a serious issue, as there is imbalance between regions and various environmental problems occur intensively in cities. Therefore, cities all over the world are promoting the Green New Deal and trying to realize carbon neutrality. Accordingly, the European Union is leading the creation of carbon-neutral cities by promoting policies aimed at rapidly realizing carbon neutrality. In Korea, projects such as U-City and Smart City have also been promoted continuously for many years, and recently, the projects Smart Green City and Carbon Neutral Green City have been introduced. Therefore, this study aimed to derive directions and implications for future projects based on policies to address climate change by analyzing the guidelines for the Smart Green City project and the project plans of Gimhae-si and Gangjin-gun, which are the leading projects in the Smart Green City business model and are equipped with an extensive budget.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.12
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• pp.1899-1904
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• 2017

This paper presents a new one-time password approach generated based on $4{\times}4$ pattern schedule. It demonstrates generation of passkey from initial seed of random codes and mapping out in table pattern schedule which will produce a new form of OTP scheme in protecting information or data. The OTP-2FA has been recognized by many organizations as a landmark to authentication techniques. OTP is the solution to the shortcomings of the traditional user name/password authentication. With the application of OTP, some have benefited already while others have had second thoughts because of some considerations like cryptographic issue. This paper presents a new method of algorithmic approach based on table schedule (grid authentication). The generation of OTP will be based on the random parameters that will be mapped out in rows and columns allowing the user to form the XY values to get the appropriate values. The algorithm will capture the values and extract the predefined characters that produce the OTP codes. This scheme can work in any information verification system to enhance the security, trust and confidence of the user.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.15-28
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• 2019

This study aims to investigate the urban regeneration policies in Japan especially focusing "New Town" regeneration. New Town projects were launched in major Japanese cities, aiming to form a designed urban housing area and a mass supply of quality housing, in order to solve the lack of housing and urban sprawl which became a serious issue due to the over-concentration of population and industries in the city during the period of rapid economic growth. Tama New Town and Kohoku New Town are well-known development projects in 1970s and 80s; They attract wide attention again as urban regeneration policies focusing on a Smart city as well as Private-Public Partnership.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.3-12
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• 2010

This study is a comparative study on the regional needs and features of new school establishment. It aims at developing a tool for evaluating the validity of school establishment, which would help more reasonable decision-making for new school construction and the class extension in the existing schools. In doing so, it employes a mathematical device - the School Establishment Index(SEI), which consists of class condition quotient, fluctuation quotient in the number of students and school location quotient. To explore the needs of new schools and classes in a district, this study estimates the number of students by a year from 2009 to 2020 and surveys the changing faces of student movement, school and class density, housing development in Incheon Metropolitan City, Gwangju Metropolitan City, Chungcheongbuk-do and Jeollanam-do. Finally, it shows the relative requirement of new schools in 4 districts, which the educational offices can use in the course of planning the student accomodations to schools and making decisions for new school construction and the class extension in the existing schools. This study would be expected to help the reasonable expenditure for school facilities and to restrict overbuilding of surplus classes.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.123-129
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• 2014

Paris hasn't experienced such excitement since the huge changes brought about by Baron Haussmann in the 19th century. Paris Rive Gauche project, started in 1991, is the largest urban project in city ever since, it represents about 1% of Paris territory. It takes place on a workshops, factories and warehouses area that prospered along the Seine river and the railways in the 19th century. Originally planned as a business quarter, Paris Rive Gauche, developed by SEMAPA for the City of Paris, fosters urban diversity through housing, offices, public facilities, shops, creating a stimulating neighbourhood where 18,000 residents, 30,000 students as well as 60,000 employees will soon croth paths. This project's main principles are urban and social diversity, deployment of public facilites, the development of new university campus inside the city, promotion of industrial patrimony and connecting the old 13th distict to the river and the opposite side. Half of the project is going to be built on a concrete slab that covers the railway tracks which is one of the major performances of this long-term project. This concrete slab represents the new level of the City, about 6 to 8 meters above the railway tracks. We distinguish three families of buildings on the cover : Classic buildings; Bridges buildings and Connection buildings, these last guarantee the linkage between old and new level of the City.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.562-574
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• 2003

This study examines the emerging global city-regions theory and suggests its implications for regional development policy in Korea. Global city-regions defined as an economic and political organization of metropolitan regions or a new scale of urban organization with polycentric structure, is appreciated as a new regionalist model of development in the globalization era. In Korea, the application of global city-regions model is required particularly for strengthening the international competitiveness of metropolitan areas except the capital region including Seoul, and resolving inequalities between the capital region and non-capital regions. However, Institutional revolution including consolidation of Shi(metropolitan area) and Do(province), and devolution should be preceded above all things to develop metropolitan cities such as Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, and Daejeon toward global city-regions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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• 1996.02a
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• pp.187-196
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• 1996

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.67-78
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• 2015

The ubiquitous city construction act worked as an institutional basis for the U-City projects which were actively driven in the new urban areas until 2010. However, the country's urban policies which were recently changed focusing on revitalization of the existing towns and urban regeneration led to the increased demand for revision of the u-City law with a strong character of procedural law mainly for the new urban areas. Therefore, this study, taking into account the changes of the country's urban policies and the conditions related to u-City, established the direction of revision on the u-City law as the diversification of the u-City projects, reinforcement of u-City management operation and the supports for the u-City projects, and presented the consequent action plans. This study aims to review the problems with the current u-City law and the improvement plan from the practical point of view for reflecting the country's urban policy flow and demand. It is expected that the result of this study will be able to be utilized as a basic material for supporting the continuous development and expansion of u-City by law and system.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.129-144
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• 2008

Last February, $\ulcorner$The Act on Ubiquitous City Construction and etc.$\lrcorner$ was approved by the National Assembly. The law stipulates the regulations on the planning, construction and management of the Ubiquitous City. As its national-level law system is about to take its effects, future new city developments are expected to have its legal basis to be built to meet ubiquitous city requirements. Also, it is anticipated that such needs would require much more planning techniques and strategies. In reaction to those upcoming needs, this study is to search for new planning approaches to realize the u-City in reality. It is also to supply with the framework to execute the u-City projects in more structuralize and systemize manner. Therefore, with the purpose of the establishment of comprehensive planning system, the theoretical bases were sought in relation to planning u-City, pre-existing u-City development cases and regarding regulations were analyzed, and then basic concepts, features, and constituent factors were set up.

• Journal of East-Asian Urban History
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.235-271
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• 2020

Tainan was the capital of Taiwan and was the largest commercial city in Taiwan with a significant number of ports. However, after the end of the Qing era, the functions of the capital and major ports were shifted to Taipei and Kaohsiung, thus leading Tainan to lose its position. This article focuses on festivals in the city. The Qing dynasty administrative agency set up a local government that grouped multiple villages based on the religious beliefs which were closely related to the concept of the urban space as the primary temple. Mazu is an object of worship that attracted the attention of city residents from the Taisho era to the colonial era. At the Mazu temple in Tainan, which has acquired a new mystery, a Mazu festival was conducted with Mazu patrols. This festival was conducted from 1915 to 1937, when it was canceled due to the temple reorganization movement. At the festival, multiple participating groups used to compete to earn the luxury of running the pavilions. The procession ran through the north side of the city on the first day and the south side of the city on the second day. During this festival, in addition to going around the villages of the old city, a touring route was planned for the procession to pass through major landmarks related to the colonial administration and the Ginza-dori Shopping Street, which was newly created during the Taisho era. Therefore, this procession was unique because it ensured that people could explore the old and new streets that were transformed through urban remodeling during the colonial period. Moreover, passing through the licensed quarters called Shin-machi, which was relocated through urban remodeling by the administrative agency, allowed people to visualize the urban structure of colonial Taiwan. Tainan city was renewed through remodeling during the colonial period, thus leading to the formation of a new commercial area. The spirit of the people in Tainan city can be gauged based on the fact that the festival was financially and religiously supported by the merchants who promoted it. The restoration of Mazu during the colonial period indicates the restoration of urban commerce in Tainan, which had fallen from its position as the primary port city in Taiwan since the end of the Qing period. Therefore, it can be considered to represent the restoration of the city.