• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.11.1-11.16
• /
• 2024

Background: Canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE) is a fatal disease worldwide. The treatment of CPE is based mainly on supportive and symptomatic treatment. Antiviral addition to the treatment may result in a higher survival. Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of antiviral treatments with a standardized treatment (ST) on the clinical and inflammatory response of dogs with naturally occurring CPE. Methods: Twenty-eight dogs with CPE caused by canine parvovirus type 2 were divided randomly into treatment groups. The ST group received fluid, antibiotic, antiemetic, and deworming treatments. The antiviral treatment groups received the same ST with an additional antiviral drug, recombinant feline interferon omega (rFeIFN-ω), oseltamivir (OSEL) or famciclovir (FAM). Results: Compared to the healthy control, the tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-γ, haptoglobin, and C-reactive protein values were high (p < 0.05) on day zero. At presentation, mild lymphopenia, neutropenia, and a high neutrophil to lymphocyte (LYM) ratio (NLR) were also observed. Adding rFeIFN-ω to the ST produced the best improvement in the clinical score with a decreased NLR, while leucocytes remained low and inflammatory markers stayed high on day three. The survival rates of the groups were 85.7% in ST+IFN, 71.4% in ST+OSEL, 71.4% in ST+FAM, and 57.1% in ST groups on day seven. Conclusions: Antiviral drugs may be valuable in treating CPE to improve the clinical signs and survival. In addition, the decrease in NLR in favor of LYM may be an indicator of the early prognosis before the improvement of leukocytes, cytokines, and acute phase proteins in CPE.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.76-86
• /
• 2023

Backgrounds/Aims: The aim of this study was to describe short- and long-term outcomes of patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) at a typical United Kingdom hepatopancreatobiliary unit. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all PD patients with histologically-confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), ampullary adenocarcinoma (AA), or distal cholangiocarcinoma (CC) from September 1st, 2006 to May 31st, 2015 was carried out. The following information was obtained: demographics, comorbidities, preoperative investigations, neoadjuvant treatment, operative details, postoperative management, complications, adjuvant treatment, five-year recurrence, and five-year survival. Effects of selected preoperative variables on short- and long-term outcomes were investigated. Results: Of 271 included patients, 57.9% had PDAC, 25.8% had AA, and 16.2% had CC. In total, 67.9% experienced morbidity and 17.3% developed a Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ III complication. The 90-day mortality was 3.3%. Clinically-relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula, bile leak, gastrojejunal leak, postpancreatectomy haemorrhage and delayed gastric emptying affected 8.1%, 4.1%, 0.0%, 9.2%, and 19.9% of patients, respectively. American Society of Anesthesiologists grade III-VI correlated with overall morbidity (p = 0.002) and major morbidity (p = 0.009), but not 90-day mortality or five-year survival. The same pattern was observed in patients with a preoperative serum bilirubin > 29 µmol/L and/or a neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio > 3.1. Five-year cancer recurrence and five-year survival were 68.3% and 22.5%, respectively. PDAC patients had higher five-year recurrence but lower five-year survival rates (both p = 0.001). Conclusions: In our series, the majority of patients experienced a complication. However, few patients experienced major morbidity. Surgical risk factors did not affect five-year survival.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제51권2호
• /
• pp.163-169
• /
• 2024

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence of chronic endometritis, diagnosed using CD138 immunohistochemistry, among infertile women and to assess the association between chronic endometritis and recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Methods: In total, 266 patients who underwent hysteroscopy due to infertility between 2019 and 2020 were included in the analysis. Of these, 136 patients with RIF and 130 non-RIF patients were included in the study. CD138 immunohistochemistry test results, blood biomarkers (including natural killer cells, white blood cells, and the lymphocyte-to-neutrophil ratio), and data on pregnancy outcomes were obtained. If the CD138 test yielded a positive result, the patients received antibiotic treatment. Results: The overall proportion of CD138-positive patients was 32.7% (87/266). The CD138 positivity rate was not related to the number of cycles with implantation failure. In the RIF patient group, no significant associations were found between CD138 positivity and peripheral blood markers. The clinical pregnancy rates were similar between infertile women treated with antibiotics for chronic endometritis and those without chronic endometritis. Conclusion: To improve the pregnancy rate in infertile patients, it may be helpful to combine CD138 testing with other laboratory tests and administer antibiotic treatment if the result is positive.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.10-27
• /
• 2005

Objectives: To study the effectiveness of Sanpunggosamhwan(SGH) against Allergic Contact Dermatitis(ACD), the contact hypersensitivity assay, change of cutaneous shape, anti-allergic effect, anti-inflammatory effect, and the effect on skin barrier were observed. Methods: The 200g rats were divided into three groups of 15 rats. The first group is the Normal group which was applied Acetone olive oil only. The second group is the ACD group which has intentionally activated Allergic Contact Dermatitis by DNCB. The third group is the SGH group which was given medication of Sanpunggosamhwan extract after the induction of Allergic Contact Dermatitis by DNCB. Each group of rats was observed after 24, 48 and 72 hours. Results: I. With the result of contact hypersensitivity assay, at 24hours SGH group showed appreciably less ear swelling than ACD group. 2. Regarding general change of skin, SGH group showed less hyperplasia of epidermis, less damage of epidermis than ACD group. 3. Regarding the number of WBC, ACD group showed significantly less than normal and SGH group at 72 hours. 4. Regarding the number of RBC in blood, ACD and SGH group showed significantly more RBC than normal group at 24, 48, 72 hours. 5. Regarding the ratio of neutrophil in WBC, ACD and SGH group showed significantly high percentage than normal group at 24, 48 hours. 6. Regarding the ratio of lymphocyte in WBC, ACD and SGH group showed significantly high percentage than normal group at 48 hours. 7. Regarding the erythema, SGH group showed significantly more erythema than normal and ACD group at 48 hours. 8. Regarding the melanin, SGH group showed significantly less melanin than normal group at 24 hours.9. Regarding the skin hydration, SGH group showed significantly high value than and ACD group at 72 hours. 10. Regarding the skin pH, ACD group showed significantly high value than normal and SGH group af 24 hours. 11. Regarding the number of Total IgE, ACD and SGH group showed more Total IgE than normal. g개up at 24 hours. 12. At Electro microscope-morphologic changes of skin, the damage of epithelium was decreased and regeneration power of skin was increased in the SGH group. Conclusions: The Sanpunggosamhwan extract administration was effective on the mitigation of skin damage in rats with allergic contact dermatitis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제59권4호
• /
• pp.361-367
• /
• 2005

배 경 : 림프구성 흉막염의 감별 진단은 매우 중요하나, 적절한 검사 후에도 감별이 되지 않는 예가 있다. NO는 급성 염증반응 시 혈청, 객담, 호기 응축액 등에서 증가하는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 활동성 폐결핵 환자의 객담 및 호기에서도 증가하고 적절한 치료 후 감소하는 것으로 보고된 바 있어, 결핵성 흉막염에서도 증가 할 가능성이 있으나, 결핵성 흉막염에서 NO에 대해서는 연구된 바가 없다. 이에 림프구성 흉막염 중 결핵성 흉막염의 감별진단에 있어서 NO의 유용성에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2004년 4월부터 2005년 4월까지 한양대 구리병원에 급성 흉막염으로 입원하여 흉수 검사 결과 림프구성 흉막염 소견을 보였던 환자를 대상으로 흉수 및 혈청 NO를 측정하였으며, 대상 환자는 27명으로, 남:여 각각 14:13명이었고, 평균 연령은 48세였다. 최종진단은 결핵성 흉막염 17명, 악성 흉수 10명이었다. 결 과 : 흉수 NO는 결핵성 흉막염 $540.1{\pm}116.4{\mu}mol$, 악성흉수 $383.7{\pm}71.0{\mu}mol$이며, 혈청 NO는 결핵성 흉막염 $624.7{\pm}142.0{\mu}mol$, 악성 흉수 $394.4{\pm}90.4{\mu}mol$이었고, 각 군에서 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한, 흉수 NO는 흉수 호중구수, 흉수/혈청 단백질비, 흉수/혈청 알부민비와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다(p<0.05). 결핵성 흉막염군과 악성 흉수막염군의 비교에서 흉수 단백질양, 흉수 백혈구 수 및 림프구수는 결핵성 흉막염에서 유의하게 높았다(각 p<0.05). 결 론 : NO는 림프구성 흉막염의 감별 진단에 있어서는 유용성이 적으며, 흉수 NO는 흉강 내 호중구의 모집 및 단백 누출과 관련될 가능성이 있으나, 추후 다수를 대상으로 한 연구가 필요하겠다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제19권8호
• /
• pp.295-302
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 발효 쌀보리 급여가 돼지의 생산성, 혈구조성, 혈중 대사물질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 공시동물은 총 45두의 3원 교잡 육성돈(요크셔${\times}$랜드레이스${\times}$듀록; 평균체중, $30.33{\pm}0.05kg$)을 이용하였고 사료 내 발효 쌀보리(Fermented hulless barley, FHB)는 0, 0.5, 1.0% 수준으로 첨가하였으며 처리구당 3반복, 반복당 5두씩 시험돈사에 임의로 배치하였다. 일당증체량은 0.5% FHB 처리구에서 0 및 1.0% FHB 처리구에 비해 증가하였으나 통계적 차이는 없었다. 일당사료섭취량 및 사료요구율은 처리구간 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 총백혈구, 호중구, 림프구, 단핵구, 호산구 및 호염구를 비롯한 백혈구계 혈액세포 조성은 발효 쌀보리에 영향을 받지 않았다. 혈중 글루코오스는 대조구에서 0.5, 1.0% FHB 처리구보다 증가하였다. 알부민은 1.0% FHB 처리구에서 0.5% FHB 처리구에 비해 감소하였다. 그러나, 단백질, 지방, 에너지 및 광물질과 관련된 나머지 대사적 지표들은 발효 쌀보리 급여에 의한 영향이 관찰되지 않았다. 사양시험기간동안 시험동물에서 환축 또는 폐사가 관찰되지 않아 돼지의 건강관리측면에서는 효과를 나타낸 것으로 보인다. 그러므로 발효 쌀보리가 축산물 안전성에 미치는 영향을 구명하는 추가 연구를 통해 안전 축산물 생산 가능성을 제고하는 것이 필요할 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.357-365
• /
• 2002

A survey was under taken of six district of Northern India viz. Bareilly, Pilibhit, Udham Singh Nagar, Nainital, Almora and Rampur. The age, breed, sex and physiological status recorded. A total number of 854 cattle examined out of which lactating (274 cases), non lactating (302 cases) heifers (128 cases), calves (82 cases) and adult male (68 cases) were examined. An incidence of 4.92 percent (42) of microfilarisis was recorded. The highest prevalence was observed in Rudrapur District of Udham Singh Nagar (33.33%, 4/12), followed by Lalkaun in Nanital District (21.74%, 10/46), Rampur (12.50%, 2/16), Bareilly (8.16%, 8/98) and Pilibhit (1.22%, 1/82). No infection was observed in Almora region. Amongst 854 cattle of different group incidence was highest in adult male (12.20%, 10/82), followed by non lactating (3.82%, 12/314) and lactating (2.70%, 2/74), (7.64%, 12/157) was found in Heifers. For haemeto-biochemical, serum minerals estimations and therapeutic study 32 animals suffering from filariasis and 18 healthy animals were taken. 16 animals were treated with ivermectin $@200{\mu}g/kg $ body weight. Effect of this disease on production has also been estimated for which body weight and milk production was observed. The main clinical manifestations observed were anaemia, loss of appetite, debility, oedematous swelling especially in the abdominal region, increased heart rate, and respiration rate. Haematological changes indicated decrease in hemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, packed cell volume, erthrocyte fragility and neutrophil, whereas there was significant increase in erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR), total leukocyte count (TLC), lymphocyte and eosinophils. Biochemical changes showed significant reduction in the values of serum albumin, A : G ratio, where as there was significant increase in blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), globulin, total lipid, total cholesterol, phospholipids, serum bilirubin. Serum mineral profile also altered markedly, which indicate a significant decrease in Ca, Cu, Fe, Zn, and Mn with increase value of Na and Cl. There was no significant change in P and K values. Enzyme pattern in micro filaria infected animal indicated increased level of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, ornithine carbamyl transferase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, isocitric dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase. In blood gas values and acid/base balance, there was an increase in $PVCo_2$ and $PVo_2$. It has been observed that microfilaria infected cattle showed decrease in body weight and milk production. Animal treated with ivermectin showed the return of these above values toward normalcy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권17호
• /
• pp.7327-7331
• /
• 2014

Background: We had previously showed that the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), ${\gamma}$-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are prognostic factors for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. In this study we developed a prognostic model based on these three indices. Materials and Methods: A total of 243 patients who were initially diagnosed as mCRC between 2005 and 2010 in the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were studied. The endpoint was overall survival (OS). Results: NLR>3, elevated GGT and elevated CEA were confirmed as independent risk factors which could predict poor prognosis. Patients could be divided into three groups according to the number of risk factors they had. Those with two or three were defined as the high risk group, individuals with one risk factor as the modest risk group and patients without risk factor as the low risk group. The OS values for these three groups were 16.2 months (2.80~68.8), 24.2 months (4.07~79.0), and 37.2 months (12.6~87.8), respectively (p<0.001). Conclusions: We developed a simple but useful model based on NLR, GGT and CEA to provide prognostic information to clinical practice in highly selected mCRC patients. Further prospective and multi-center studies are warranted to test our model.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.391-403
• /
• 2007

The study was conducted to assess the repeated dose and reproduction and developmental toxicities of acetanilide, an intermediate for drug production, as a part of OECD Screening Information Data Set (SIDS) program. The test agent was administered by gavage at dose levels of 0, 22, 67, 200 and 600 mg/kg to Sprague-Dawley rats (12/group/sex) during pre-mating and mating period for males(up to 30 days) and females and pregnancy and early lactation period for females (up to 39-50 days). At 22 mg/kg, decreases in HGB, HCT (males) and MCHC (females), hyperplasia of spleen red pulp, hyperplasia of femur bone marrow (both sexes) were observed. At 67 mg/kg, salivation (males), reduced food consumption (both sexes), decreases in RBC, HGB, HCT and MCHC (males), increases in MCV (males) and spleen weight (males), hyperplasia of spleen red pulp and femur bone marrow (both sexes) were observed. At 200 mg/kg, decreases in locomotor activity and salivation (both sexes), reduced food consumption (both sexes), decreases in RBC, HGB, HCT and increases in MCV, MCH, BUN, T-BIL (males), enlargement of spleen (both sexes), increased weight of spleen (males), hyperplasia of spleen red pulp and femur bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoiesis of liver (both sexes), atrophy of thymus and corpus luteum hyperplasia of ovary (females) were observed. At 600 mg/kg, decreases in locomotor activity, cyanosis (both sexes), reddish tear, and salivation (males), mortality (4 out of 12 females), decreased body weight (females), reduced food consumption (both sexes), decreases in RBC, HGB, HCT and MCHC and increases in WBC, MCV, MCH, reticulocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, AST, ALT, BUN, T-BIL, ALB, Ca and A/G ratio (males), enlargement of spleen, increased weights of spleen (both sexes), liver (males), kidney and ovary, decreased weights of thymus (females), hyperplasia of spleen red pulp, hyperplasia of femur bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoiesis of liver (both sexes), and atrophy of thymus and corpus luteum hyperplasia of ovary (females) were observed. Regarding the reproduction and development toxicities, there were no treatment-related changes in precoital time, mating index, fertility index and pregnancy index at all doses tested. At 22 and 67 mg/kg, there were no adverse effects on all the parameters observed. At 200 mg/ kg, decreased body weight of pups (day 4 p.p.) were observed. At 600 mg/kg, decreased body weight of pups (day 0 and 4 p.p.) and viability index (day 4 p.p.), increased incidence of newborns dead or with abnormal clinical signs were observed. The results suggest that the NOAELs for general toxicity are < 22 mg/kg, LOAELs are 22 mg/kg and the NOAELs for reproductive toxicity are 67 mg/kg.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제33권10호
• /
• pp.1656-1665
• /
• 2020

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of stress during slaughter of beef cattle on physiological parameters, carcass, and meat quality at a Federal Inspection Type slaughterhouse located in the southeast of Mexico. Methods: A total of 448 carcasses of male Zebu×European steers with an average age of 36 months were included. Carcass assessment of presence of bruises and bruise characteristics was carried out on each half-carcass. Blood variable indicators of stress (packed cell volume, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, glucose, cortisol concentration) and meat quality parameters (pH, color, shear force, drip loss) were evaluated. Results: Of the 448 carcasses evaluated, 81% of the carcasses showed at least one bruise; one bruise was detected in 36.6% and two bruises in 27.0% of animals. Of the 775 bruises found, 69.2% of the bruises were grade 1 in region 3. Of the 448 carcasses studied, 69.6% showed hyperglycemia (6.91 mmol/L); 44.3% and 22.7% showed high (74.7 ng/mL) and extremely high (108.8 ng/mL) cortisol levels, respectively, indicative of inadequate handling of animals during preslaughter and slaughter. Of the carcasses evaluated, 90.4% had a pH ≥5.8 with an average of pH 6.3. In both pH groups, meat samples showed L^⋆ values >37.0 (81.6%) and a shear force >54.3 N; meat pH≥5.8 group showed a drip loss of 2.5%. These findings were indicative of dark, firm, and dry (DFD) meat. According to principal component analysis, grades 1 and 2 bruises in region 3 and grade 1 bruises in region 5 were highly associated with cortisol, drip loss, and color parameters b^⋆ and h^⋆ and were negatively associated with L^⋆, a^⋆, and C^⋆. Conclusion: The bruises probably caused by stress-inducing situations triggered DFD meat. Appropriate changes in handling routines in operating conditions should be made to minimize stress to animals during the slaughter process to improve animal welfare and meat quality.