• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.509-515
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• 2002

Copper deficiency was induced in eight male buffalo calves by adding molybdenum (30 ppm wet basis) to their diet. Copper status was monitored from the liver copper concentration and a level below 30 ppm (DM basis) was considered as deficient. Haemoglobin, haematocrit, total and differential leucocyte numbers were determined. The functions of peripheral neutrophils were assessed by in vitro phagocytosis and killing of Staphylococcus aureus. The effect of molybdenum induced copper deficiency on bone marrow was monitored. The mean total leucocyte count was unaffected whereas a significant fall in neutrophil count coincided with the fall in hepatic copper level to $23.9{\pm}2.69$ ppm. Reduced blood neutrophil numbers was not accompanied by any change in the proportion of different neutrophil precursor cells in bone marrow. It was hypothesised that buffalo calves were more tolerant to dietary molybdenum excess than cattle. It was concluded that neutropenia in molybdenum induced copper deficiency occurred without any effect on their synthesis and maturation process. Bone marrow studies in healthy calves revealed higher percentage of neutrophilic myelocytes and metamyelocytes as compared to cattle.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.973-978
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• 2016

Background: Between October 2012 and February 2015, 25 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) (mean age, $57.0{\pm}12.1years$) were granted access to aflibercept via the Aflibercept Named Patient Program at four centers. Materials and Methods: Here we reported the initial experience of aflibercept / FOLFIRI in combination. We evaluated treatment-related adverse events (AEs), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: The majority of the patients experienced gastrointestinal toxicity (grade 1-2), with diarrhea (52%), mucositis (52%), and nausea/vomiting (20%) being largely observed. Neutropenia (16%) and febrile neutropenia (8%) were common grade 3-4 hematological events. Aflibercept-related toxicity was managed as per practice guidelines. No grade 5 event was reported. Median PFS was 6.12 months (95% CI, 4.80-7.20) and OS was 12 months (95% CI, 9.80-14.18). The partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD) rates were 25% (95% CI: 23.4-27.0), 37.5% (95% CI: 31.6-43.3), and 37.5% (95% CI: 22.5-52.5), respectively. Conclusions: Aflibercept/FOLFIRI can be administered safely in a second line setting to Malaysian patients with mCRC, as the AEs experienced were generally reversible and manageable. The safety and efficacy outcomes were consistent with those observed in Western populations.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권14호
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• pp.5691-5695
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• 2015

Background: Continuous surveillance of pattern of blood stream infection is necessary in febrile neutropenia (FN)especially with the recent escalating trend in the management of pediatric cancer patients towards intensified regimens and with the increase in infections caused by resistant organisms limiting the choice of antibiotics. Aim: To monitor change in pattern of blood stream infections (BSI) in FN pediatric cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Surveillance of FN episodes with positive BSI was prospectively monitored and compared to a previous surveillance in the same pediatric oncology unit. Results: A total of 232 BSI positive episodes were documented in 192 patients during a 6 months period. The results of recent surveillance analysis showed an increase in intensified regimens of chemotherapy, antimicrobial resistance, fungal infections, and prolonged duration of episodes when compared to previous surveillance, with p value sof <0.001, 0.005, 0.021, and <0.001, respectively. There was an apparent decrease in the crude mortality but this was not statistically significant, to 6% in 2011 from 10 % in 2006. Conclusions: The pattern of BSI at our institution is still inclining towards gram positive organisms but is showing a shift towards more antibiotic resistance and fungal infections.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.414-417
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• 2014

Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) emerged as an opportunist in the setting of immunodeficiency in the 1970s, when serious infections occurred in San Francisco hospitals after USA. Navy experiments had aerosolized the bacteria to study biologic warfare. We investigate the risks of S. marcescens in San Franciscans who undergo mastectomy with implant reconstruction. From 2007 to 2011, the senior author took breast capsule cultures for all patients at the time of tissue expander exchange/explant. Of the 142 women who had reconstruction, 23 had positive cultures. Only the two patients who were positive for S. marcescens developed clinical infections that required explantation. Both had postoperative chemotherapy with transient neutropenia, and both had close ties to San Francisco. Clinical signs of infection emerged for both patients months after initial surgery, despite having previously well healed incisions. Other patients were culture positive for Pseudomonas, Proteus, Enterococcus and MRSA and did not develop require explant. While the link between San Francisco and S. marcescens is controversial, a patient's geography is a simple screening tool when considering postoperative risks, especially in the immunocompromised. Closer monitoring for neutropenia during chemotherapy, and a lower threshold to administer S. marcescens targeted antibiotics may be warranted in these patients.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.77-80
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• 2013

메치실린 저항성 황색 포도상구균(MRSA)에 감염된 환자에게 단기간 연속적으로 반코마이신을 투여했을 때 비정상적으로 호중구의 수치가 감소한 약인성 부작용 사례를 보고하고자 한다. 해당 여성 환자는 61세로서 MRSA 감염증을 판정받고 반코마이신 투여와 더불어 점차 백혈구(WBC)와 절대호중구수치(ANC)가 감소하였고, 제10일째에 이르러 호중구 감소증이 발생하여 ANC가 최저 430 $cells/mm^3$까지 낮아졌으나, 반코마이신의 투여를 중단하자 곧 정상수준으로 회복되었다. 본 사례는 Naranjo Probability Scale과 Korean Algorithm Score(Ver. 2.0)로 각각 평가하였을 때 반코마이신의 투여와 호중구감소증의 발현 사이에 모두 '가능한(probable)' 정도의 인과관계를 가진 것으로 평가되었다. 이는 통상적으로 20일 이상 연속투여를 할 때 임상적으로 관측되던 반코마이신-유래 호중구감소증이 단지 10일 정도의 단기간 투여만으로도 발생할 수 있다는 임상적 약물부작용의 사례로서, 향후 MRSA환자에게 반코마이신을 선택할 때에는 이와 같은 부작용을 고려하여 환자의 WBC와 ANC를 면밀히 관찰하면서 투여할 필요성이 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2024

A 5-year-old spayed female mixed-breed dog, previously receiving 7 months of immunosuppressive therapy for pemphigus foliaceus, presented to our referral hospital with a history of dog bites on the right forelimb, chest, and flank 4 days prior to presentation. Physical examination revealed a rectal temperature of 38.6℃; heart rate of 130 beats per minute; panting; systolic blood pressure of 60 mmHg; and swelling, purulent discharge, warmth, pain, and lameness in the right forelimb. The laboratory investigation revealed neutropenia and elevated C-reactive protein levels. Suppurative neutrophilic infiltration with bacterial infection was detected by impression cytology of the pus on the right forelimb. Based on the results of the clinical examinations and laboratory tests, the dog was diagnosed with dog bite-induced sepsis with pemphigus. Meropenem and metronidazole were prescribed. Clinical signs, neutropenia, and C-reactive protein levels markedly improved after 5 days. Subsequently, pemphigus foliaceus relapsed in the dog, and it is currently undergoing re-administration of immunosuppressive medications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of successful management of dog bite-induced sepsis in a dog undergoing long-term immunosuppressive therapy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.379-390
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• 1997

연구배경 : 급성호흡곤란증후군의 병인론은 확실치 않으나 일반적으로호중구와 호중구에서 생산된 매개물들이 중심적 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 지속적이며 심한 호중구강소증에도 불구하고 실제 임상에서 급성 호흡증후군이 발생한 경우가 상당수 보고되어 있으며 특히 환자의 병리조직학적 검사상에서도 침윤이 없었다는 잠을 고려해볼때 급성호흡곤란증후군의 병리기전에 호중구외의 다른 효과세포가 작용하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 따라서 저자들은 백서에 약물을 투여하여 호중구를 거의 제거한다음 호중구 감소증하에서 내독소에 의한 급성폐손상의 발병기전을 알아 보고자하였다. 방 법 : 웅성 Sprague-Dawley률 정상 대조군과 (내독소군), cyclophosphamide (CPA)를 주입하여 호중구를 결핍시킨군 (CPA군)으로 분류하였다. LPS 5mg/kg를 미부정맥을 통하여 주입하여 급성폐손상를 유발시킨후 3시간 및 6시간째에 급성폐손상지표로서 기관지폐포세척액내 단백질 농도를 측정하였고 병리기전을 이해하기 위하여 기관지폐포세척액내 염증 세포의 변화를 관찰하고 TNF-alpha와 IL-6를 측정하였으며 기관지폐포세척액내 염증세포의 과산화수소 분비능을 각군간에서 비교하였다. 결 과 : Cyclophosphamide (CPA) 투여후 말초혈액내 백혈구수의 변화CPA투여후 전체 백혈구와 호중구수가 각각 95%이상 감소하였다. 기관지폐포세척액내의 전체및 감별 세포수의 변화내 독소군에서는 총세포수가 3시간 및 6시간째 모두 정상군에 비해 매우 유의하게 상승하였으나 (p < 0.01) CPA군에서는 세포종가를 관찰할수 없었다. 내독소군에서 대식세포수와 호중구수는 모두 증가를 보였으나 (p < 0.05), CPA군에서는 대조군과 비교시 대식세포의 수와 구성비는 차이가 없었고 호중구의 수가 매우 감소하여 (p < 0.01), 대식세포가 99.7%이상을 차지하였다. 기관지폐포세척액내의 단백질 농도의 변화 : 내독소군에서는 3시간째부터 유의한 증가를 보였고 (p < 0.05), 6시간째에는 더욱 증가하였다 (p < 0.01). CPA군 역시 3시간째에 단백질농도가 대조군에 비해 유의하게 상승되었으나 (p < 0.05) 내독소군과는 차이가 없었으며, 6시간째에는 내독소군에 비해 유의하게 감소하였으나 (p < 0.05), 대조군에비해서는 여전히 높은 값을 보였다 (p < 0.05). 기관지폐포세척액내의 cytokine농도의 변화 종양괴사인자와 IL-6는 내독소군 및 CPA군 모두에서 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가되었고 내독소군과 CPA군간의 차이는 없었다. 기관지폐포세척액내 염증세포의 과산화수소 분비능 측정 각군에서 상태에서는 서로 유의한 차이가 없었으나 zymosan으로 자극한 상태에서는 모두 자극전에 비해 유의한 차이로 증가하였으며 내독소군의 경우 약 89.0%로서 가장 큰 증가를 보였고 (p < 0.0008), CPA군도 42.85로서 내독소군에 비해서는 그 정도가 다소 작았으냐 (p = 0.033) 대조군에 비해서는 역시 큰 증가를 보였다 (p = 0.003). 결 론 : 호중구 결핍상태의 급성폐손상은 단핵구, 그 중에서도 기존의 폐포대식세포의 활성화에 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.5119-5124
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine response rates, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and toxicity of gemcitabine and paclitaxel combinations with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients (NSCLC) who have progressive disease after platinum-based first-line chemotherapy. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the file records of patients treated with gemcitabine plus paclitaxel in advanced or metastatic NSCLC cases in a second-line setting. The chemotherapy schedule was as follows: gemcitabine $1500mg/m^2$ and paclitaxel 150 mg/m2 administered every two weeks. Results: Forty-eight patients (45 male, 3 female) were evaluated; stage IIIB/IV 6/42; PS0, 8.3%, PS1, 72.9%, PS2, 18.8%; median age, 56 years old (range 38-76). Six (12.5%) patients showed a partial response (PR), 13 (27.1%) stable disease (SD), and 27 (56.3%) progressive disease (PD). The median OS was 6.63 months (95% CI 4.0-9.2); the median PFS was 2.7 months (95% CI 1.8-3.6). Grade 3 and 4 hematologic toxicities, including neutropenia (n=4, 8.4%), and anemia (n=3, 6.3%) were encountered, but no grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia. One patient developed febrile neutropenia. There were no interruption for reasons of toxicity and no exitus related to therapy. Conclusion: The combination of two-weekly gemcitabine plus paclitaxel was an effective and well-tolerated second-line chemotherapy regimen for advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients previously treated with platinum-containing chemotherapy. Although the most common and dose limiting toxicities were neutropenia and neuropathy, this regimen was tolerated well by the patients.

• 한국통계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통계학회 2002년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.79-83
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• 2002

A phase III clinical trial of a new drug for neutropenia induced by chemotherapy is presented and consider adding random effects in crossover design which was used in the clinical study. The diagnostics for its heteroscedasticity based on score statistic is derived for detecting homoscedasticity of errors in crossover design. A small simulation study is peformed to investigate the finite sample behaviour of the test statistic which is known to have an asymptotic chi-square distribution under the null hypothesis.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.346-348
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• 2000

In previous studies, high fever, inappentence, increased respiratory rate, muscle tremors, anemia, jaundice, loss of weight hemoglobinenuria and hemoglobinuria were found in dogs infected intraerythrocytic protzoan parasites of the gennus Babesia. These changes were mainly caused by the intravascular hemolysis. In this study, a Pit Bull Terrier, which was infected by babesia, was investigated clinical signs and patterms of blood. The findings from this study indicated that dog with severs clinical signs shown erythropenia, lymphocytophilia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and eosinpenia. Furthermore, it presenter low level of hemglobin and hematocrit. However MCV, MCH and MCHC did not decreased as compare to normal dogs.