• 제목/요약/키워드: network gains

검색결과 202건 처리시간 0.023초

Effects of Channel Aging in Massive MIMO Systems

  • Truong, Kien T.;Heath, Robert W. Jr.
    • Journal of Communications and Networks
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.338-351
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    • 2013
  • Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication may provide high spectral efficiency through the deployment of a very large number of antenna elements at the base stations. The gains from massive MIMO communication come from the use of multi-user MIMO on the uplink and downlink, but with a large excess of antennas at the base station compared to the number of served users. Initial work on massive MIMO did not fully address several practical issues associated with its deployment. This paper considers the impact of channel aging on the performance of massive MIMO systems. The effects of channel variation are characterized as a function of different system parameters assuming a simple model for the channel time variations at the transmitter. Channel prediction is proposed to overcome channel aging effects. The analytical results on aging show how capacity is lost due to time variation in the channel. Numerical results in a multicell network show that massive MIMO works even with some channel variation and that channel prediction could partially overcome channel aging effects.

Design and Implementation of Internal Multi-Band Monopole Antenna for Mobile Phones

  • Yang, Woon-Geun;Cai, Ling Zhi;Yang, Cheol-Yong
    • 전기전자학회논문지
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.339-344
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    • 2011
  • In this paper, we proposed an internal multi-band monopole antenna for mobile phone that can be used for smart phones. The proposed antenna has a small volume of $38{\times}8.5{\times}5\;mm^3$, ground size is $100{\times}60\;mm^2$, and covers the GSM900 (Global System for Mobile communications : 880-960 MHz), DCS (Digital Communications System : 1710-1880 MHz), K-PCS (Korea-Personal Communications Service : 1750-1870 MHz), US-PCS (US Personal Communications Service : 1850-1990 MHz), Bluetooth (2400-2483 MHz), Wibro (2300-2390 MHz) and WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network : 2400-2483.5 MHz) bands. The measured peak gains of the implemented antenna are 1.15 dBi at 920 MHz, 3.58 dBi at 1795 MHz, 3.46 dBi at 1810 MHz, 2.91 dBi at 1920 MHz, 5.18 dBi at 2345 MHz, 3.37 dBi at 2442 MHz.

Location-Aware Fast Link Switching Scheme for Visible Light Communication Networks

  • Nguyen, Tuan;Chowdhury, Mostafa Zaman;Jang, Yeong Min
    • 한국통신학회논문지
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    • 제37C권10호
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    • pp.888-893
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    • 2012
  • Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning is an important issue in the design of next generation wireless network. In visible light communication (VLC) networks, link switching is a solution to maintain or improve the quality of communication. In this paper, we propose a novel link switching scheme using the location of mobile nodes (MNs). The current serving transmitter uses location history of the MN to find out which neighbor transmitter the MN is approaching. This neighbor transmitter is chosen to inform the MN as the next serving transmitter. The simulation results show that our proposed scheme gains better performance than non-predictive link switching scheme.

Dual Active Bridge 컨버터를 위한 인공지능 적응형 Gain-scheduling PI 제어기 (Artificial Intelligence Gain-scheduling Adaptive PI Controller Scheme for Dual Active Bridge Converter)

  • 김슬기;최현준;정지훈
    • 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 전력전자학회 2014년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.556-557
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    • 2014
  • This paper presents an artificial intelligence - Deep Belief Network (DBN) gain-scheduling adaptive PI controller scheme for dual active bridge (DAB) converter. The PI gains are allowed to vary within a predetermined range and therefore eliminate the problems faced by the conventional PI controller. The performance of the proposed controller is simulated and compared with the conventional fixed PI controller under various conditions. The experimental prototype of the DAB converter is implemented using a digital signal processor of TMS320F28335 manufactured by Texas Instrument to examine and to evaluate the performance criteria of the proposed controller. Simulation and experimental results show improvements in transient as well as steady state responses of the proposed controller over the conventional fixed PI controller.

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LQR Controller Design for Active Suspensions using Evolution Strategy and Neural Network

  • Cheon, Jong-Min;Park, Young-Kiu;Kim, Sungshin;Kim, Dae-Jun;Lee, Min-Jung
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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    • pp.41.4-41
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    • 2001
  • In this paper, we propose a LQR(Linear Quadratic Regulator) controller design for the active suspension using two-degree-of-freedom quarter-car model. We can improve the inherent suspension problem, the tradeoff between ride quality and suspension travel by selecting appropriate weights in the LQR-objective function. Because any definite rules for selecting weights do not exist, we replace the designer´s trial and error with the optimization-algorithm, ES(Evolution Strategy). Using the ES, we can find the proper control gains for selected frequencies, which have major effects on the vibrations of the vehicle´s state variables.

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Energy-efficient Power Allocation based on worst-case performance optimization under channel uncertainties

  • Song, Xin;Dong, Li;Huang, Xue;Qin, Lei;Han, Xiuwei
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • 제14권11호
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    • pp.4595-4610
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    • 2020
  • In the practical communication environment, the accurate channel state information (CSI) is difficult to obtain, which will cause the mismatch of resource and degrade the system performance. In this paper, to account for the channel uncertainties, a robust power allocation scheme for a downlink Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) heterogeneous network (HetNet) is designed to maximize energy efficiency (EE), which can ensure the quality of service (QoS) of users. We conduct the robust optimization model based on worse-case method, in which the channel gains belong to certain ellipsoid sets. To solve the non-convex non-liner optimization, we transform the optimization problem via Dinkelbach method and sequential convex programming, and the power allocation of small cell users (SCUs) is achieved by Lagrange dual approach. Finally, we analysis the convergence performance of proposed scheme. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can improve total EE of SCUs, and has a fast convergence performance.

IEEE 802.11 네트워크 기반 Mobile IPv6 Fast Handover 성능 향상 방안 (Enhancement of Fast Handover for Mobile IPv6 based on IEEE 802.11 Network)

  • 류성근;문영성
    • 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.46-55
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    • 2008
  • IP계층에서의 이동성 지원에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되어, Internet Engineering Task Force(IETF)에서 Mobile IPv6(MIPv6) 프로토콜이 표준화 되었다. 이러한 MIPv6은 이동노드가 서브넷 사이를 이동할 때, 네트워크에 대한 연결성을 유지하여 끊김 없는 통신을 가능하게 해주며 이러한 과정을 핸드오버라고 한다. 이동노드가 서브넷 사이를 이동할 때마다 핸드오버 처리를 수행하게 되는데, 이러한 핸드오버 처리 동안에는 이동노드가 통신을 할 수 없는 긴 지연시간이 생긴다. 이러한 지연시간을 줄이기 위해서 IETF에서 Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6(FMIPv6)를 표준화하였다. 하지만 FMIPv6 또한 홈에이전트와 상대노드에게 바인딩을 갱신하기 위한 시간은 길게 남아 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해서, 본 논문에서는 2계층 프로토콜로 IEEE 802.11을 사용하는 FMIPv6을 기반으로 하여 2계층 핸드오버 수행 중에 3계층 핸드오버 과정인 홈에이전트로의 바인딩 갱신과 Return Routability 과정을 미리 시작하여 전체적인 핸드오버 지연시간을 단축시키는 방법을 제안한다. 수학적인 비용 분석 방법을 통하여 제안하는 방법을 MIPv6과 FMIPv6의 방법과 비교 분석하였으며, MIPv6에 비하여 79%, FIMPv6에 비하여 31%의 성능 향상을 얻었다.

Hose 기반 VPN에서의 서비스품질 제공을 위한 자원예약 프로토콜과 패킷 스케줄링 기법 (A Resource Reservation Protocol and Packet Scheduling for Qos Provisioning in Hose-based VPNs)

  • 변해선;우현제;김경민;이미정
    • 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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    • 제33권3호
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    • pp.247-256
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    • 2006
  • 호스(Hose) 모델 기반 VPN(Virtual Private Network) QoS(Quality of Service)를 지원하기 위한 자원준비(Provisioning) 메커니즘들 가운데, VPN 차원 상태 정보(VPN-specific state) 자원준비는 서비스 제공자에게 높은 다중화(Multiplexing) 이점을 제공한다는 장점을 가진다. 그러나, VPN 차원 상태 정보 자원준비를 위한 적합한 자원예약 프로토콜이 없기 때문에 VPN 차원 상태 정보 자원준비를 위한 동적 자동 자원예약이 어렵다. 또한, VPN 차원 상태 정보 자원준비에 의해 예약된 자원은 LAN에 접속되어 있는 호스트들이 LAN 대역폭을 공유하는 것과 유사한 방식으로 동일한 VPN에 속하는 사용자들이 공유하기 때문에 동일한 VPN에 속하는 사용자 간에 불공정한 자원 사용이 발생할 수 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 VPN 차원 상태 정보 자원준비에 따라 동적 자동 자원 예약을 수행할 수 있도록 하는 자원예약 프로토콜을 제안하고, 혼잡 발생 시에 동일한 VPN에 속하는 사용자 간에 예약된 자원을 공정하게 사용할 수 있도록 하는 트래픽 서비스 메커니즘을 제안한다.

인지무선 네트워크에서 진화게임을 이용한 효율적인 협력 스펙트럼 센싱 연구 (Efficient Spectrum Sensing Based on Evolutionary Game Theory in Cognitive Radio Networks)

  • 강건규;유상조
    • 한국통신학회논문지
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    • 제39B권11호
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    • pp.790-802
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    • 2014
  • 인지무선 기술에서 주사용자의 보호를 위해 부사용자들은 주기적인 센싱 수행을 통해 주사용자의 부재를 판단하게 되고, 부사용자들 간의 협력 센싱을 통해서 향상된 센싱 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 하지만 주사용자에 대한 검출 확률과 오경보 확률에 대한 비용의 트레이드 오프가 존재하기 때문에, 적절한 협력 집단의 규모 유지가 필요하다. 또한 부사용자들은 자신이 현재 사용중인 주파수 대역은 물론 인가 사용자가 나타났을 시에 스위칭 해야 할 후보 채널에 대한 주기적인 센싱이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 진화게임이론을 이용하여 분산상황 에서의 인밴드 센싱과 아웃밴드 센싱을 고려한 효율적인 그룹 협력 센싱 방법을 제안한다. 진화 게임을 통해서 협력센싱의 전략을 택한 부사용자들의 집단이 ESS(Evolutionary Stable State)상태로 수렴함을 관찰하였고, 학습 알고리즘을 통해 서로간의 정보교환 없이 평형상태로 수렴함을 관찰하였다.

Power Allocation Optimization and Green Energy Cooperation Strategy for Cellular Networks with Hybrid Energy Supplies

  • Wang, Lin;Zhang, Xing;Yang, Kun
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • 제10권9호
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    • pp.4145-4164
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    • 2016
  • Energy harvesting is an increasingly attractive source of power for cellular networks, and can be a promising solution for green networks. In this paper, we consider a cellular network with power beacons powering multiple mobile terminals with microwave power transfer in energy beamforming. In this network, the power beacons are powered by grid and renewable energy jointly. We adopt a dual-level control architecture, in which controllers collect information for a core controller, and the core controller has a real-time global view of the network. By implementing the water filling optimized power allocation strategy, the core controller optimizes the energy allocation among mobile terminals within the same cluster. In the proposed green energy cooperation paradigm, power beacons dynamically share their renewable energy by locally injecting/drawing renewable energy into/from other power beacons via the core controller. Then, we propose a new water filling optimized green energy cooperation management strategy, which jointly exploits water filling optimized power allocation strategy and green energy cooperation in cellular networks. Finally, we validate our works by simulations and show that the proposed water filling optimized green energy cooperation management strategy can achieve about 10% gains of MT's average rate and about 20% reduction of on-grid energy consumption.