• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.49-59
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• 2022

Objectives: Access to maternal and neonatal care services (MNCS) is an important goal of health policy in developing countries. In this study, we proposed a 3-level hierarchical location-allocation model to maximize the coverage of MNCS providers in Iran. Methods: First, the necessary criteria for designing an MNCS network were explored. Birth data, including gestational age and birth weight, were collected from the data bank of the Iranian Maternal and Neonatal Network national registry based on 3 service levels (I, II, and III). Vehicular travel times between the points of demand and MNCS providers were considered. Alternative MNCS were mapped in some cities to reduce access difficulties. Results: It was found that 130, 121, and 86 MNCS providers were needed to respond to level I, II, and III demands, respectively, in 373 cities. Service level III was not available in 39 cities within the determined travel time, which led to an increased average travel time of 173 minutes to the nearest MNCS provider. Conclusions: This study revealed inequalities in the distribution of MNCS providers. Management of the distribution of MNCS providers can be used to enhance spatial access to health services and reduce the risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity. This method may provide a sustainable healthcare solution at the policy and decision-making level for regional, or even universal, healthcare networks.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1282-1290
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• 2017

Since the mitigation of fear of crime significantly enhances the consumptions in a city, studies focusing on urban safety analysis have received much attention as means of revitalizing the local economy. In addition, with the development of computer vision and machine learning technologies, efficient and automated analysis methods have been developed. Previous studies have used global features to predict the safety of cities, yet this method has limited ability in accurately predicting abstract information such as safety assessments. Therefore we used a Convolutional Context Neural Network (CCNN) that considered "context" as a decision criterion to accurately predict safety of cities. CCNN model is constructed by combining a stacked auto encoder with a fully connected network to find the context and use it in the CNN model to predict the score. We analyzed the RMSE and correlation of SVR, Alexnet, and Sharing models to compare with the performance of CCNN model. Our results indicate that our model has much better RMSE and Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficient.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.121-128
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• 2021

In this work, a noble walkway approach suitable for Saudi Arabia (SA) towards its aim to develop a wide range of smart cities is considered scientifically. This work intends to minimize the errors at each level by testing the events that take place in the walkway environment. similarly, the minimum requirements to develop a walkway to the additional features to be considered while designing a walkway are discussed in this paper with sensitive areas such as environmental factors, healthcare issues, patients visiting the walkways, etc. The applications of different monitoring devices such as CCTV's, global positioning systems (GPS), etc. are carefully addressed to help the proposed method for improving the monitoring activities of a variety of events that possibly cause problems to a common man. The ultimate goal of this work to ensure a safe and satisfied journey of pedestrians while they come for a walk with all suitable safety measures. The safety measures included in this work are for pollution, noise, temperature, humidity and traffic jams on the roads. To improve the accuracy and to test the proposed approach some polices are defined and will be tested for the consistency of the proposed system. The obtained accuracy of the proposed system is proved to be far better with an accuracy of 93% improvement in the results.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2021

The objective of this study was to analyze social wasps' urban distribution tendency based on 10 species found in two metropolitan cities (Busan and Daegu) of South Korea. There 10 species included six species (Vespa mandarinia, V. ducalis, V. crabro flavofasciata, Vespula koreensis koreensis, Parapolybia indica, and Polistes snelleni) of forest dwellers that inhabited urban main forests and satellite forests, two species (V. simillima simillima and V. analis parallela) of facultative dwellers that nested at diverse sites of urban areas with greater preference for urban forest, and two species (V. velutina nigrithorax and P. rothneyi koreanus) of urban dwellers that nested at almost all sites, including urban and forest areas. These urban dwellers were found to adapt well to an urban environment based on their far higher rate of urban nesting compared to facultative dwellers. When distribution tendencies of facultative dwellers and urban dwellers in Busan and Daegu were compared, a regular distribution was mostly observed in Busan with a dense forest network. For Daegu that lacked forest connectivity, the greatest distribution of species was found in the nearby urban forest. For Daegu, a city further away from forests, urban dwellers occurred far beyond forest sites compared to Busan with a dense forest network.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.404-412
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• 2022

The development in the field of the internet of things (IoT) have improved the quality of the life and also strengthened different areas in the society. All cities across the world are seeking to become smarter. The creation of a smart parking system is the essential use case in smart cities. In recent couple of years, the number of vehicles has increased significantly. As a result, it is critical to make the use of technology that enables hassle-free parking in both public and private spaces. In conventional parking systems, drivers are not able to find free parking space. Conventional systems requires more human interference in a parking lots. To manage these circumstances there is an intense need of IoT enabled parking solution that includes the well defined architecture that will contain the following components such as smart sensors, communication agreement and software solution. For implementing such a smart parking system in this paper we proposed a design of smart parking system and also compare it with convetional system. The proposed design utilizes sensors based on IoT and Data Mining techniques to handle real time management of the parking system. IoT enabled smart parking solution minimizes the human interference and also saves energy, money and time.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.352-358
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• 2022

In this paper, we study the relationship between infection rates of covid 19 and the precautionary measures and strict protocols taken by Saudi Arabia to combat the spread of the coronavirus disease and minimize the number of infected people. Based on the infection rates and the timetable of precautionary measures, the best framework of precautionary measures was identified by applying the traveling salesman problem (TSP) that relies on ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithms. The proposed algorithm was applied to daily infected cases data in Saudi Arabia during three periods of precautionary measures: partial curfew, whole curfew, and gatherings penalties. The results showed the partial curfew and the whole curfew for some cities have the minimum total cases over other precautionary measures. The gatherings penalties had no real effect in reducing infected cases as the other two precautionary measures. Therefore, in future similar circumstances, we recommend first applying the partial curfew and the whole curfew for some cities, and not considering the gatherings penalties as an effective precautionary measure. We also recommend re-study the application of the grouping penalty, to identify the reasons behind the lack of its effectiveness in reducing the number of infected cases.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.115-122
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• 2023

Makkah Al-Mukarramah is the capital of Islamic world. It receives special attention from the Saudi government's rulers to transform it into a smart city for the benefit of millions of pilgrims. One of the 2030 vision objectives is to transform specific cities to smart ones with advanced technological facilitation, Makkah is one of these cities. The history of Makkah is not well known for some Muslims. As a result, we built the concepts of our application "Ain Makkah" to enable visitors of Makkah to know the history of Makkah by using technology. In particular "Ain Makkah" uses Augmented Reality to view the history of Al-Kaaba. A 3D model will overlay Al-Kaaba to show it in the last years. Our project will use Augmented Reality to build a 3D model to overlay Al-Kaaba. Future work will expand the number of historical landmarks of Makkah.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.59 no.5
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• pp.1-15
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• 2017

In this study, we visualized the regional migration in Korea from 2001 to 2015 using the Chord diagram which can represents amount of migration and flows at the same time. In addition, we constructed a migration network and analyzed the degree centrality of each region for identifying the main regions linking to various regions. In 2001~2005, most of population moved into Geonggi from various regions. However, the capital function was transferred to Sejong in 2011~2015, and population moving into Sejong and Chungnam was increased significantly. The main outflow of population in migration network were shown at the regions in Jeonbuk and Gyeongbuk province in 2001~2004, and recently the regions in Gyeongnam, Gyeonggi, and Seoul were identified as the main nodes in terms of outflow of population. We also focused on migration in rural area through degree centrality, and cord diagram in Chungnam, Jeonbuk, and Jeonnam where include the representative crop area. In 2015. there was the significant increase of migration from Gyeonggi to Chungnam, and internal migration within Jeonbuk increased rather than cross-border migration. In addition, migration from Jeonam to capital area decreased in 2015 but migration among cities within Jeonman increased. In particular, Yesan-gun showed the significant migration to other cities in Jeonnam. Population is necessary to develop community and sustain economic growth in rural regions. Therefore, migration is important for the transfer of manpower. The strength of this study is to approach the temporal change of migration from the viewpoint on quantitative and structural characteristics.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.73-83
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• 2022

In order to support new construction engineering companies with weak information power to successfully advance into the overseas construction market, this study tried to analyze what are the keywords of interest in the overseas construction market and how they differ from Korea. For this purpose, we recently collected 2,473 news article titles and major articles targeting smart cities that are of high interest in Korea and Vietnam. Through network configuration and topic modeling, we examined the connection relationship between the word of interest and the word of interest. In addition, the influence of the word of interest in the network was measured using PageRank centrality. Through this analysis, it was found that there is a high interest in smart city-related construction, cities, and digital in both countries, and the difference in terms of interest between Korea and Vietnam was inferred. Finally, the limitations of this study and additional research directions to complement them are presented.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.685-697
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• 2019

The study aimed to analyze the structure of China's passenger railway network in the years of 2008, 2013, and 2018, respectively. At the same time, it tried to investigate its derivative impact on the patterns of Chinese urban network. The analytical tool was based on the NetMiner4.0. In order to measure network characteristics of China's passenger railway network, it primarily focused on the degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and closeness centrality. First of all, the higher degree centralities, with a few exceptions, were observed in BeiJing, ShangHai, GuangZhou, WuHan, XiAn, ChengDu, HaErBin, and ShenYang over a decade. In contrast, the higher betweenness centralities were recorded in cities of higher development potential including WuLuMuQi, GuiYang, ShenYang, and KunMing. The closeness centrality analyses confirmed the fact that most metropoles like BeiJing, ShangHai, and GuangZhou kept the highest train accessibility during the same research period. At the same time, the opening up of a new stretch of high speed railway network has consecutively strengthened connectivity between BeiJing and TianJin. Owing to unprecedented development of railway traffic and its extensive operations, this study believes that Chinese major cities, without interruption, would pursue a series of urban policy alternatives geared towards railway stations-oriented networking and competitively try to extend their network ranges.