Lee, Sam Yong;Kim, Seung Hyun;Hwang, Jae Ha;Kim, Kwang Seog
Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
/
v.21
no.4
/
pp.244-248
/
2020
The infraorbital nerve is a branch of the trigeminal nerve. Injury to the infraorbital nerve can be caused by trauma, including various facial fractures. Due to this nerve injury, patients complain of numbness and pain in the entire cheek, the ala of nose, and upper lip. In general, spontaneous sensory recovery is expected after decompressive surgery. If nerve transection is confirmed, however, neurorrhaphy is typically performed. Here, we present a case in which microsurgery was not performed in a patient with Sunderland grade V avulsion injury of the infraorbital nerve due to a facial bone fracture. Gradual nerve function recovery was confirmed to be possible with conservative treatment and rehabilitation alone. These findings suggest that the nerve function recovery can be expected with conservative treatment, even for severe nerve injury for which microsurgery cannot be considered.
Nerve growth factor(NGF) has a critical role in peripheral nerve regeneration. The aim of this study is to construct a well-functioning hNGF-$\beta$ recombinat adenovirus for the ultimate development of improved method to promote peripheral nerve regeneration with adenovirus mediated hNGF-$\beta$ gene transfection into Schwann cells. First PCR associated cloning of GFP-tagged hNGF-$\beta$ which was ligated into E1/E3 deleted adenoviral vector was performed and tranfected into E. coli to construct hNGF-$\beta$ recombinant adenovirus. After production of recombinat adenovirus in a large scale, its transfection efficiency, expression, and function were evaluated using cell lines or primarily cultured cells of HEK293 cells, Schwann cells, fibroblast(NIH3T3) and myocyte(CRH cells). GFP expression was observed in 90% of infected cells compared to uninfected cells. Total mRNA isolated from hNGF-$\beta$ recombinat adenoviru infected cells showed strong RT-PCR band, however, LacZ recombinant adenovirus infected or uninfected cells did not. NGF quantification by ELISA showed a maximal release of 18.865 +/- 0.31ng/mL at 4th day. PC-12 cells exposed to media with hNGF-$\beta$ recombinant adenovirus infected Schwann cell demonstrated higher levels of differentiation compared with controls. We generated hNGF-$\beta$ recombinant adenovirus and induced over expression of NGF successfully in nonneuronal and neuronal cells. Following these result, it is expected to develop an improved treatment strategy peripheral nerve regeneration using the hNGF-$\beta$ gene transfected cells.
Kim, Cho-Min;Kim, Soon-Hee;Kim, Su-Mi;Park, Sang-Wook;Lee, Il-Woo;Kim, Moon-Suk;Rhee, John-M.;Khang, Gil-Son;Lee, Hai-Bang
Polymer(Korea)
/
v.32
no.1
/
pp.49-55
/
2008
It is recognized that Schwann cells (SC) are essential for peripheral nerve development and regeneration. SIS (small intestinal submucosa) consists of some growth factors which can stimulate cell activity without immune rejection responges. SCs were harvested from the femurs and tibias of female Fischer rat and then suspended with $2{\times}10^6$ cell/sponge in SIS sponge. Fischer rat received an implant consisting of the SCs and the SIS sponge at the place of a 5 mm gap created by the sciatic nerve resection. Thin sections were stained with H &E staining and immunostaining of S-100, GFAP and NF after 1, 2, and 4 weeks. It was observed that the effects of the SIS sponge with SCs on neuroinduction(Group II, with scaffold & cell) are strong as much as uninjured model(Control I), and significantly stronger than SIS sponge model (Group 1, with scaffold only) and blank model (Control II). In conclusion, these results suggest that SIS sponge filled with SCs may have an important role for peripheral nerve regeneration of tissue engineering.
Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
/
v.12
no.2
/
pp.126-132
/
2001
Background and Objectives : Signal traduction through phospholipase C(PLC) participate in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. Growth factors bind to their receptors and thereby induce tyrosine phophorylation of the phospholipase C-${\gamma}$1(PLC-${\gamma}$1). PLC-${\gamma}$1 is a substrate for several receptor tyrosine kinases and its catalytic activity is increased by tyrosine phosphorylation. Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation of PLC-${\gamma}$1 stimulates PLC activation and cell proliferation. However the signal transduction pathway and the significance of PLC in injured recurrent laryngeal nerve regeneration is unknown. Therefore after we obtained fuctionally recovered rats using PEMF in this study, we attempt to provide some evidence that PLC plays a role in nerve regeneration itself and regeneration related to PEMF through the analysis of the difference between fucntional recovery group and non-recovery group in the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Materials and Method : Using 32 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, transections and primary anastomosis were performed on their left recurrent laryngeal nerves. Rats were then randomly assigned to 2 groups. The experimental group(n=16) received PEMS by placing them in custom cages equipped with Helm-holz coils(3hr/day, 5days/wk, for 12wk). The control group(n=16) were handled the same way as the experimental group, except that they did not receive PEMS. Laryngo-videoendoscopy was performed before and after surgery and followed up weekly. Laryngeal EMG was obtained in both PCA and TA muscles. Immunohistochemisty staining and Western blotting analysis using monoclonal antibody was performed to detect PLC-${\gamma}$1 in recurrent laryngeal nerve and nodose ganglion. Results : 10 rats(71%) in experimental group and 4 rats(38%) in the control group showed recovery of vocal fold motion. Functionally-recoverd rats show PLC-${\gamma}$1 positive cells in neuron and ganglion cells after 12 weeks from nerve injury. Conclusion : This study shows that PLC1-${\gamma}$ involved in singnal trasduction pathway in functinal recovery of injured recurrent laryngeal nerve and PEMF enhance the functional recovery by effect on this molecule.
Jun, Young Joon;Rhie, Jong Won;Choi, Yun Seok;Kim, Young Jin;Kim, Sung Eun;Lee, Jong In;Han, Ki Taik
Archives of Plastic Surgery
/
v.33
no.2
/
pp.205-212
/
2006
Using adipose derived stem cells(ASCs), neurogenic differentiation was induced in a mono layered culture medium containing neuronal induction agents. Cells differentiated to the neuronal cells were observed with a inverted microscope and immunofluorecent study. We made a 15 mm long defect in the sciatic nerve of 14 rats and connected a silicone tube to the defect. Then, we mixed neuronal progenitor cells differentiated from ASCs with collagen gel and grafted them to a group of rats(experimental group) and grafted only collagen gel into another group(control group). In 4 and 8 weeks after the graft, histological observation was made. According to the result, the number and diameter of myelinated axons were significantly increased in the experimental group. In addition, the nerve conduction velocity was improved more in the experimental group and neovascularity also increased. Moreover, reaction with S100 and p75 was observed in regenerated nerves in the experimental group, suggesting that the grafted cells were differentiated into supportive cells such as Schwann's cells. In conclusion, this research proved that ASCs can multiply and differentiate into neuronal cells. If they are grafted into nerve defects, the grafted cells are differ entiated into supportive cells such as Schwann's cells and thus contribute to nerve regeneration. Accordingly, the use of adipose tissue obtained easily without the limitation of donor site can be greatly helpful in treating peripheral nerve defects.
Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
/
v.29
no.3
/
pp.151-156
/
2003
This study was performed to develop a useful nerve conduit which provides favorable environment for Schwann cell viability and proliferation. Milipore membrane of $0.45{\mu}m$ pore size was selected because it permits nutritional inflow from the outside of the conduit and prevents from invading the fibrotic tissue into the conduit. The membrane was rolled and sealed to form a conduit of 2mm diameter and 20mm length. To improve the axonal regeneration and to render better environment for endogenous and exogenous Schwann cell behaviour, the microgeometry and surface of conduit was modified by coating with thin film of calcium phosphate. Cellular viability within the conduit and attachment to its wall were assessed with MTT assay and SEM study. Milipore filter conduit showed significantly higher rate of Schwann cell attachment and viability than the culture dish. However, the reverse was true in case of fibroblast. Coating with thin film of low crystalline calcium phosphate made more favorable environment for both cells with minimal change of pore size. These findings means the porous calcium phosphate coated milipore nerve conduit can provide much favorable environment for endogenous Schwann cell proliferation and exogenous ones, which are filled within the conduit for the more advanced strategy of peripheral nerve regeneration, with potential of reducing fibrotic tissue production.
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effect on nerve regeneration of ultrasound irradiation in rats with peripheral nerve injury. Methods: To investigate alterations of the NCAM immunoreactivity in non-crushed part and crushed part of the spinal cord, the unilateral sciatic nerve of the rats were crushed. The expression of NCAM was used as the marked of peripheral nerve regeneration, and also plays an important role in developing nerve system. Experimental animals were sacrificed by perfusion fixation at post-injury 1, 3, 7, 14 days after ultrasound irradiation. The pulsed US was applied at a frequency of 1MHz and a spatial average-temporal average Intensity of 0.5W/of (20% pulse ratio) for 1 mins. The Luxol fast blue-cresyl violet stain were also done to observe the morphological changes. Results: Alteration of NCAM immunoreactivity in the crushed part and the non-crushed part of lower lumbar spinal cord were observed. NCAM-immunoreactivity cells were some increased in the dorsal horn lamina I, III and cell ventral horn at 1 day after unilateral sciatic nerve injury. However, there was not significant difference in the relationship between crushed part and non-crushed part. NCAM-inmmunoreactivity was remarkably increased at 3 days after unilateral sciatic nerve injuryin the gray matter and white matter. NCAM-immunoreactivity was increased in the ventral horn and post horn of experimental crushed part. Also, NCAM-immunoreactivity in large motor neurons in ventral horns lamina VIII, IX were increased at 7 days after unilateral sciatic nerve injury. At 14 days after sciatic nerve crushed injury, there was no significant difference. All group were decreased for 14 days. In the time course of NCAM expression, all groups showed a significant difference at 3day groups(p<0.05). Whereas, CC group was noted a significant difference between 3day and 7 day group respectively. In NCAM expression, there were significantly increased in all group. In the relationship between CNC group and ENC group, significant difference was detected among 3, 7, 14 day group(p<0.05). The difference between CC group and ENC group were noted in all groups(p<0.05). Conclusion: It is consequently suggested that the effects of the ultrasound irradiation may increase the NCAM immunoreactive neurons and glial cell in the spinal cord after unilateral sciatic nerve crushed injury. Therefore, the increased NCAM immunoreactivity in the spinal cord may reflect the neuronal damage and healing process induced by a ultrasound irradiation after peripheral nerve injury in rat.
Objective : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Aconiti ciliare tuber on the descending pain and the recovery of locomotor function that results from sciatic crushed nerve injury in rats. Method : In order to assess the effects of the aqueous extract of Aconiti ciliare tuber on the recovery rate of locomotor function, we investigated the walking track analysis, and for the effects on the pain control we investigated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in the sciatic nerve and on the expressions of c-Fos in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) region resulting from the sciatic crushed nerve injury in rats. Result : Treatment with Aconiti ciliare tuber significantly enhanced the SFIvalue, enhanced BDNF expression, decreased iNOS expression, and suppressed c-Fos expression. The present results showed that Aconiti ciliare tuber facilitated functional recovery following sciatic crushed nerve injury in rats. The recovery mechanisms of SFI by Aconiti ciliare tuber might be ascribed to the increase of BDNF expression for nerve regeneration and reinnervation and to the suppression of iNOS expression for inhibiting nerve inflammation. Conclusion : In this process it has been shown that Aconiti ciliare tuber can be used for pain control and functional recovery from peripheral nerve injury.
Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
/
v.14
no.2
/
pp.89-94
/
2014
Local anesthesia known as the safe and essential procedure to control pain in dentistry may cause sensory changes such as paresthesia or altered taste at the affected sites after even successful local anesthesia. Although the prognosis of the nerve injuries after local anesthesia is favorable, it might cause prolonged problems such as dysesthesia. The lingual nerve is a single fascicle at the level of the lingual among 1/3 of patients and more movable during regeneration compared to the inferior alveolar nerve after the injury. As a result, the lingual nerve is more vulnerable and has poorer outcomes. More vigilant clinical considerations are required to the lingual nerve injury after local anesthesia. Generally, more than 80% of cases are spontaneously resolved within 2 weeks after the local anesthesia even without any specific treatment. However, the patient having long lasting abnormal sensations more than 2 weeks needs specialists' care for further assessment. In case of dysesthesia which is a symptom of neuropathic pain, immediate referral to specialists is mandatory. The exact mechanism, how to prevent its occurrence, or specific treatments of the nerve injury related to the local anesthesia have not been elucidated. To prepare clinical or medicolegal problems, many cautious considerations are given to the patients who complain sensory changes after local anesthesia.
Suh, Bo Ik;Kim, Sang Woo;Chung, Ho Yun;Kim, Il Hwan;Yang, Jung Dug;Park, Jae Woo;Cho, Byoung Chae
Archives of Plastic Surgery
/
v.34
no.3
/
pp.279-284
/
2007
Purpose: The vein graft was considered as a useful conduit for nerve defect. But the problem is that it might be collapsed in long vein graft state. A new experimental model using vein graft filled with hyaluronic acid was considered. Methods: Thirty rats were used for the experimental animal. In group I, one side of the femoral nerve was exposed and a segment was removed about 15mm. The neural gap was connected with nerve graft. In group II, the nerve gap was connected with vein graft only. In group III, the nerve gap was connected with vein graft filled with hyaluronic acid. A walking track analysis was made periodically for 2 months and NCV(nerve conduction velocity) was executed at the end of the experiment. And morphologic studies were also done for all groups Results: In a walking track analysis, the toe-spread was widen and the foot-length was lengthened. The recovery of the toe-spread and foot length was checked 2 weeks interval, periodically for two months. The SFI (sciatic function index) was $-52.5{\pm}8.2$ in group I, $-68.1{\pm}4$ in group II, $-55.3{\pm}7.9$ in group III. In electrophysiological study, NCV(nerve conduction velocity) was $26.71{\pm}3.11m/s$ in group I, $17.94{\pm}4.35m/s$ in group II, $25.69{\pm}2.81m/s$ in group III. The functional recovery in group I and III was superior to that the group II statistically(p < 0.05) Under electromicroscopic study, the number of the myelinated axons were $1419.1{\pm}240$ in group I, $921.7{\pm}176.8$ in group II, $1322.2{\pm}318$ in group III. The number of the myelinated axons were much more in group I and III than group II statistically (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggested that the vein graft filled with hyaluronic acid is more effective than vein graft only for the conduit of the nerve gap. It was thought that the technique could be used in clinical cases with nerve defects as an alternative method to classical nerve grafts.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.