• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.111-123
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• 2001

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate distribution of periodontal status and treatment need between smokers and nonsmokers. Methods : Interview and measurement was completed by 82 smoker students and 59 nonsmoker students in Taegu Health College from April 1 to 31, 2001. The community periodontal index of treatment needs(CPITN) was analyzed by percentage. Results : In distribution of CPITN by age, almost all subjects had periodontal diseases except for aged 20~24 years nonsmokers(4%). Smoking 5 cigarettes per a day, up to 10, and above 10 increased 5.3%. 7.1%. and 9.5% in 4 score of CPITN, respectively. In years of smoking, smokers who had above 5 years(13.5%) were higher than below those(6.7%), 20% for smoker who take tooth brushing once per a day had higher than 8.3%(or three in depth of pocket above 6mm. In treatment need, all subjects should take education(or oral health except for aged 20~24 years nonsmokers(4%), 96% of smokers and nonsmokers were need scaling. Conclusion : This study indicated that treatment needs for periodontal diseases and scaling in smoker were higher than nonsmoker those.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2009

This survey study was conducted on dental technician school students in April 2008 to investigate the effects of smoking on oral health. 110 male and 39 female students were surveyed and cross analysis was performed to examine the relationship between oral health status and smoking-related and oral health maintenance characteristics of smoking and non-smoking group. T-test and one-way ANAVA was used to analyze the average difference verification of two independent samples(smoking group and non-smoking group) and followings are the results. In general characteristics, 74 male students(74.7%) and 25 female(25.3%) students smoked and the percentage of male students were higher in smoking group. Regarding class grade, 2nd-year students(37 students, 37.4%) and 1st-year students(18 students, 36.0%) took the highest percentage of smoking and non-smoking group, respectively. Concerning the experience of drinking, smoking group consumed more alcoholic beverages(94 students, 94.9%) With respect to the frequency of between-meal consumption, respondents who eat between-meal once or twice smoked more. Respecting preferences of sweet food, respondents who enjoyed sweet food smoked more. Concerning smoking characteristics, many of smoking group had been smoked fo a long time(two to five years) and it was worrisome. About the amounts of smoking, 50 respondents(52.6%) of smoking group smoked 20 cigarettes a day with the highest proportion. With regard to the awareness of harmfulness, 70 respondents(70.7%) considered smoking as very harmful and showed that smoking group were aware of its harmfulness but it was habitualized. Respecting smokers in family members, father was more common as smokers(58 respondents, 58.6%) in family and showed that the influence of father. Main reasons of poor periodontal health were alchoholic consumption, smoking, and oral parafunctional habit(57 respondents, 56.7%) in smoking group and neglect of oral hygiene(21 respondents, 42.0%) in non-smoking group. With regard to the scaling, 80 respondents of smoking group(80.8%) didn't received scaling and showed that more oral health education was required. Regarding the periodontal status, non-smoking group was $1.26{\pm}0.44$, respondents who received scaling was $1.43{\pm}0.50$, respondents who regularly floss was $1.50{\pm}0.52$, respondents who brush more than three times a day was $1.38{\pm}0.49$ and had better periodontal health. Bleeding during tooth brushing was more frequent in smoking group ($1.51{\pm}0.70$). Regarding mouth order, non-smoking group was $2.34{\pm}0.62$, after scaling was $2.02{\pm}0.76$, patients who regularly floss was $1.50{\pm}0.52$, patients who brush more than three times a day was $1.81{\pm}0.87$. Concerning the experience of dental caries treatment, smoking group was $1.20{\pm}0.40$, patients who do not floss was $1.30{\pm}0.46$, patients who brush once a day was $1.29{\pm}0.45$. With regard to dental prosthesis, non-smoking group was $3.78{\pm}1.62$, patients who received scaling was $1.43{\pm}0.50$, patients who regularly floss was $1.40{\pm}0.51$, patients who brush more than three times a day was $1.24{\pm}0.43$. From these results, oral health education and smoking has correlation and more oral health education needs to be carried out to educate students with non-health related majors about harmfulness of smoking on oral health. Also more study are required.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2005

성남시 지역주민의 구강건강을 증진시키기 위한 장기 지역사회구강보건 개발의 일환으로 학교구강보건사업에 필요한 구강보건 정보를 수집 정리할 목적으로 성남시 12세 아동의 구강건강실태를 조사한 후 분석 검토하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 성남시 12세 아동의 영구치우식경험자율은 74.7%, 영구치우식유병자율은 36.2%, 우식경 험영구치지수는 2.75개이었다. 2. 우식영구치율은 전체 28.4%이었는데 수정구의 우식영구치율이 36.8%로 분당구의 19.8% 에 비해 2배 가까운 수치를 보여 지역적 불균형 현상을 나타냈다. 3. 영구치가료필요자율은 1치면 충전을 필요로 하는 비율이 26.6%, 2치면 이상이 13.3%, 인조치관 수복필요가 1.8%, 치수치료 등이 5.3%, 발치필요가 2.2%로 나타났으며 치면열 구전색자율은 27.1%에 불과하였다. 4. 성남시는 12세 아동을 대상으로 한 학교구강보건사업 뿐만 아니라 아동의 구강건강상태 의 경우 구별로 불균형을 보이므로 우식발생이 높은 아동이나 우식발생위험이 높은 지역의 아동을 위한 조기검진치료사업 및 치면열구전색과 같은 우식예방사업을 적극 검토할 필요가 있었다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.553-562
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine actual conditions of smoking and alcohol drinking behaviors among high school students, so that it could recognize possible harmful effects of smoking on oral health and could give positive motivations for students to quit smoking and drinking. Methods : This research was based on self-filling survey which 1,385 high school students in metropolitan area in Korea from September 5 to October 28, 2011. Surveyed data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test and logistic analysis using SPSS WIN 12.0 program and its signification level was 0.05. Results : 1. As for smoking rate and drinking rate, boy students accounted for 11.6% and 25.4%, thereby having been higher than girl students(p<.001). It was the highest in over 180 cm(16.0%, 35.0%, p<.001) for height, in 60-under 70 kg for weight(13.4%, 23.5%, p<.001), and in a case of profession for mother's job(13.8%, 28.4%, p<.005). 2. The perceived oral symptoms had relationship with the less than 10 cigarettes of smoke (OR=2.41; 95% CI:1.31-4.41), more than 11 cigarettes of smoke (OR=3.16; 95% CI:1.42-7.00) and more than 1 bottle of alcohol (OR=1.75; 95% CI:1.00-3.06). Conclusions : This result implies that adolescents' smoking and drinking have correlation with oral health status, which makes uncomfortable sense felt given chewing along with the pain in teeth and gum. Based on the above findings, a school or community needs to reinforce education for preventing smoking and drinking and to offer environment available for practicing anti-smoking and anti-drinking plan, in order to reduce adolescents' smoking and drinking.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.491-498
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to review the definition, qualification conditions, accreditation field, and system of Japanese recognized dental hygienists. It is expected that it will be used as basic data for the system introduction of the Korean advanced dental hygienists. Methods: From May to November 2020, a literature review was conducted on Japanese dental hygienists and Japanese certified dental hygienists. Results: The lifelong education system training courses to become Japanese certified dental hygienists consisted of basic training, special training, and specific training. Each training session lasted for 15 h, and the number of training hours required to complete the course was 30 h. The training items for the field of recognition A were prevention of lifestyle disease, home care, oral function management, rehabilitation for dysphagia, prevention of diabetes, and oral management by medical and dental partnership. The training items for the field of recognition B were dentistry for the disabled, dentistry for the aged, community oral health, and oral health care. Conclusions: The Japanese recognized that dental hygienist system is valuable as a demonstration model in introducing the Korean advanced dental hygienist system.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.201-215
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• 2015

The Korean Institute of Dental Education and Evaluation (KIDEE) was established in 2007 to provide the quality assurance in dental education. The KIDEE has been recognized by The Ministry of Education from Jan. 2015 for 5 years. KIDEE had accredited basic dental education programs of all 11 Korean dental schools. The dental accreditation system was introduced to encourage the improvement for dental schools, to ensure the quality of dental practice and most of all, to establish an internationally compatible system of evaluation and accreditation. The accreditation system in Korea is supported by voluntary service of many dental professionals and contribute to improve the quality of dental education program in all institutions. The accreditation by KIDEE let the students and the dentists be taught with assured education program and the all Koreans be cared by the qualified dentists. A quality education system thus provides a sufficient number of qualified dental health professionals to meet the workforce needs of the nation. Ultimately, this should result in quality oral health care for the public. Finally, by specifying the competencies of graduates, the standards will define the scope of dental practice. This may serve to define the profession of dentistry and differentiate it from other health professions, or to differentiate among the specialties in dentistry in the case of advanced dental education programs.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.677-685
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the basic materials required for law revision regarding dental hygienists through perceptions and opinions of legislation amendments. Methods: The study was conducted from April 23, 2016. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 797 dental hygienists in Seoul and Gyeonggido after receiving informed consent from institutional review board (IRB No. PO1-201602-23-001). Results: Necessity for dental hygienist-related medical law revision accounted for 92.4% and 85.4% of dental hygienists replied that specialized dental hygienist system must be established. The reasons for medical law revision were as follows; roles and education of medical technicians (60.6%), settlement of medical legal problems (48.0%), cooperation with other organizations (29.0%), political negotiations (17.4%), and national consensus (9.5%). The score for 'possible to get legal protection by the system establishment of roles and work scope of dental hygienists' was 4.11 of 5 points. Conclusions: It is important to establish the job scope of dental hygienist. The revision of dental hygienist-related law will help to enhance the status of dental hygienists as professional medical technicians in the future.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was obtained to identify current education status of the community dental hygiene practice. Methods: It was designed cross section and self-reported on-line questionnaire(Survey monkey). It was performed probability sampling by targeting 82 dental hygiene schools(each one faculty member) in charge of community dental hygiene curriculum and 254 community health centers's community dental hygienists whom was working at oral health section. The response rate was 60% and 53%, respectively. The questionnaire consisted of time, duration, practice group, evaluation method, and practice contents including 63 learning objectives of dental hygiene. Results: Nearly half of these schools conduct such community field work practice in the spring semester of the junior year. This practice was mainly progressed based on average 4 students as one team per each one school for 7-8 hours a day during the period of more than 5 weeks(p<0.05). However, in case of both school and community health center, almost half of feedback after practice was not achieved and there was a difference in needs for practice education between schools and community health center. Conclusions: We should be considered that a sufficient consultation for the practice environment and its contents between schools and community health centers. It was considered that development of a standardized practice manual reflecting such requirement.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2010

이 연구는 우리나라 군 장병이 복무를 하는 과정에서 병영 안의 내무반생활과 병영 밖의 군사훈련생활에서 흡연 양상의 차이와 이와 관련한 구강보건행태와 인식의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2009년 3월 16일부터 6월 16일까지 육군 ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$부대에 복무하고 있는 장병 367명의 설문 응답을 분석하여 다음의 연구결과를 얻었다. 1. 군인의 복무 상황에 따른 구강보건행태를 비교한 결과, 군사훈련생활에서는 내무반생활에 비하여 구강 건강을 적절히 관리하지 못하고 있었다. 칫솔 사용률은 내무반생활에서는 96.2%이었지만 군사훈련생활에서는 72.0%로 감소하였다. 내무반생활을 할 때에는 하루 3회 이상 칫솔질을 한다는 군인이 55.3%이었으나, 군사훈련생활을 할 때에는 29.3%로 크게 감소하였다. 2. 군에 입대한 후 구강예방진료, 구강보건교육, 금연교육을 받은 경험이 없는 군인이 각각 84.1%, 90.7%, 87.9%이었다. 3. 군인의 52.8%가 흡연자이고, 47.2%는 비흡연자이었다. 흡연자의 31.1%는 흡연 후에 아무런 구강건강관리행위를 하지 않았다. 흡연하는 담배 개비의 수는 내무반생활에서는 평균 13.97개비(표준편차 7.51), 군사훈련생활에서는 평균 13.02개비(표준편차 8.36)로서 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다(p=0.109). 4. 흡연자는 칫솔질 횟수와 칫솔질 시간이 적을수록 Pack years가 높은 경향을 보이지만, 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다(각각 p=0.063, p=0.184). 5. 흡연에 대한 구강보건인식을 조사한 결과, 흡연자의 77.9%와 비흡연자의 88.8%가 흡연이 구강건강에 영향을 미친다고 생각하였고(p=0.0095), 흡연자의 52.4%와 비흡연자의 72.5%가 구강건강이 전신건강에 영향을 미친다고 생각하였으며(p=0.0007), 또한 흡연자의 35.8%와 비흡연자의 59.1%가 군대 내에서 금연교육이 필요하다고 생각하였다(p<0.0001). 아울러 전체 대상자의 77.8%와 64.5%가 각각 군대 내에서 구강검진이 필요하고, 구강보건교육이 필요하다고 생각하였으나 이 두 가지의 인식에서는 흡연자와 비흡연자 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 6. 군사훈련생활과 흡연 여부에 따른 칫솔질의 횟수 및 시간을 조사한 결과, 내무반생활에 비하여 군사훈련 생활에서 1회만 칫솔질을 할 확률은 2회 이상 칫솔질을 할 확률보다 9.29배 높았으며(p<0.01), 내무반 생활에 비하여 군사훈련생활에서 1분 이내로 칫솔질을 할 확률은 1분 이상 칫솔질을 할 확률보다 2.19배 높아 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 하지만 칫솔질의 횟수와 시간 전체에 대해서는 군사훈련생활 여부와 계급을 보정한 결과, 비흡연자와 흡연자 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 이번 연구를 통하여 우리나라의 군 병사는 내무반에서 생활할 때에 비하여 군사훈련의 생활을 할 때에 자가구강 관리에 어려움을 겪고 있으며, 흡연율이 높지만 군대 내의 금연교육과 구강보건교육은 부족하다는 사실을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 군에서는 군 장병이 군 복무를 하는 동안 구강건강이 증진될 수 있도록 의무 환경을 적극적으로 개선해야 할 것이다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.405-410
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• 2020

Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is safe and effective for the prevention and treatment of dehydration in children. It has been commercially available as a small packaging unit that needs to be taken with a specified amount of water. Intake of incorrectly formulated ORS results in side effects, such as electrolyte imbalance and upper gastrointestinal (GI) disturbance. We experienced a case of severe GI hemorrhage from gastric and duodenal ulcers in a previously healthy child following intake of incorrectly formulated ORS. GI hemorrhage in children is often life threatening and reaching a diagnosis may be challenging. Commercially manufactured packets of powdered oral rehydration salts have been widely used and GI hemorrhage associated with an improperly diluted ORS has been rarely reported. Caution and education for proper preparation of ORS are imperative.