• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1998

The susceptibility of chilling-resistant spinach plants. and of chilling-sensitive squash plants to photoinhibition was compared in terms of the activity of photosystem II, in relation to the deuce of fatty acid unsaturation of chloroplast membrane lipids. From thylakoid membranes of the plants. monogalactosyl diacylgtycerol, digalactosyl diacylglycerol. sulfoquinovosyt diacylglycerol, and phosphatidylglycerol were seperated as major lipid classes. It was found that the content of cis-unsaturated fatty acids of phosphatidylglycerol was greater by 32% in spinach than that in squash. When leaf disks were exposed to light at 5$\circ$C, 15$\circ$C and 25$\circ$C, photochemical efficiency of photosystem II. measured as the ratio of the variable to the maximum fluorescence of chlorophyll, declined markedly in squash plants, as compared to spinach plants. When leaf disks were exposed to strong light in the presence of lincomycin, an inhibitor of protein synthesis in chloroplasts, photoinhibition was accelerated in the two types of plants. Moreover, lincomycin treatment abolished the differences in the degree of susceptibility to strong light, which had been observed between the two types of plants. When the extent of photoinhibition of photosystem II-mediated electron transport was compared in thylakoid membranes isolated from the two types of plants, there were no differences in the degree of inactivation of photosystem II activity. However, when intact leaf disks were exposed to strong light either at 10$\circ$C or at 25$\circ$C, and then were allowed to recover either at 17$\circ$C or at 25$\circ$C in dim light. chilling-resistant plants such as spinach and pea showed marked recovery from photoinhibition, in contrast to chilling-sensitive plants, such as squash and sweet potato. whose recovery was strongly dependent on the temperature. These findings are discussed in relation to the unsaturation of fatty acids in membrane phosphatidylglycerol. It appears that fatty acid unsaturation of membrane lipids accelerates the recovery of photosystem H from photoinhibition, without affecting the photo-induced inactivation process of photosystem II associated with photoinhibition.

• 셀메드
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.17.1-17.22
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• 2015

Apart from being used as food, seed oils have also been used traditionally as medicinal products by several communities. However, the full medicinal potential of many seed oil plants is yet to be properly reviewed, particularly for their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. North-East India has rich resources of seed oil plants. The availability of detailed information on these plants is quite limited. This review aims to explore and evaluate these seed oil plants of the North-East India with particular emphasis on their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities as well as chemical compositions. A comprehensive literature search on seed oil plants of this region has been performed. Seed oil yielding plants of this region can be categorized into two categories: plants that are used traditionally as sources of edible or medicinal oils and plants that are used for purposes other than as sources of oils. Many seed oil plants of this region have been reported to possess antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, and to produce various types of compounds. This review also highlights the importance of these plants in contributing to the local as well as the national economy of India.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2018

Soybean transgenic plants with ectopically expressed AtABF3 were produced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and investigated the effects of AtABF3 expression on drought and salt tolerance. Stable Agrobacterium-mediated soybean transformation was carried based on the half-seed method (Paz et al. 2006). The integration of the transgene was confirmed from the genomic DNA of transformed soybean plants using PCR and the copy number of transgene was determined by Southern blotting using leaf samples from $T_2$ seedlings. In addition to genomic integration, the expression of the transgenes was analyzed by RT-PCR and most of the transgenic lines expressed the transgenes introduced. The chosen two transgenic lines (line #2 and #9) for further experiment showed the substantial drought stress tolerance by surviving even at the end of the 20-day of drought treatment. And the positive relationship between the levels of AtABF3 gene expression and drought-tolerance was confirmed by qRT-PCR and drought tolerance test. The stronger drought tolerance of transgenic lines seemed to be resulted from physiological changes. Transgenic lines #2 and #9 showed ion leakage at a significantly lower level (P < 0.01) than ${\underline{n}}on-{\underline{t}}ransgenic$ (NT) control. In addition, the chlorophyll contents of the leaves of transgenic lines were significantly higher (P < 0.01). The results indicated that their enhanced drought tolerance was due to the prevention of cell membrane damage and maintenance of chlorophyll content. Water loss by transpiration also slowly proceeded in transgenic plants. In microscopic observation, higher stomata closure was confirmed in transgenic lines. Especially, line #9 had 56% of completely closed stomata whereas only 16% were completely open. In subsequent salt tolerance test, the apparently enhanced salt tolerance of transgenic lines was measured in ion leakage rate and chlorophyll contents. Finally, the agronomic characteristics of ectopically expressed AtABF3 transgenic plants ($T_2$) compared to NT plants under regular watering (every 4 days) or low rate of watering condition (every 10 days) was investigated. When watered regularly, the plant height of drought-tolerant line (#9) was shorter than NT plants. However, under the drought condition, total seed weight of line #9 was significantly higher than in NT plants (P < 0.01). Moreover, the pods of NT plants showed severe withering, and most of the pods failed to set normal seeds. All the evidences in the study clearly suggested that overexpression of the AtABF3 gene conferred drought and salt tolerance in major crop soybean, especially under the growth condition of low watering.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.248-254
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• 1994

Bromoxynil은 쌍떡잎 특이적 제초제로써 폭 넓게 이용되고 있으며 반감기가 매우 짧다. Bromoxynil을 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid로 분해하는 nitrilase를 암호화한 bxn 유전자를 식물 벡터인 pGA482에 도입하고 Agrobacterium과의 동시배양을 통해 담배와 상추에 형질전환하였다. Kanamycin을 이용해 형질전환 식물체를 선별하고 완전한 식물체로 분화시켰다. Northern hybridization을 통해 bxn 유전자의 발현정도를 검정하고 liaf-disc와 pot assay를 통해 형질전환 식물체가 고농도의 bromoxynil에 저항성을 보임을 확인하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.973-978
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• 2023

This study determined the mechanisms of selection of companion plants that will increase natural enemies and compared and analyzed the effect of suppression of pest density and changes in pest and natural enemy density and spatial distribution, aiming to select suitable companion plants to control major pests that are problematic in organic tomato facility cultivation. As a result of the companion plant selection, 13.5 days were identified in the area with daily flowers among five species of flowering plants. In the experiment to determine the timing of natural enemies, the best results were found in the treatment group introduced two weeks before the pest occurred. As a result of the actual package test, farmers could see that the density of greenhouse pollen decreased significantly (100-500% for adults and 11-67% for larvae compared to no treatment) in the treatment with companion plants. Based on the results of this study, we expect that ecological pest management using companion plants that attract natural enemies will help to increase biodiversity through vegetation management, secure the safe production of organic products and improve the sustainability of agriculture.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 1993

21plants, which collected from Korea and Japan, were applied to antitumor and cytotoxic screening tests against sarcoma 180 a ascitec in mice. The results are summariged as follows : 1) The total packed cell volume method has been used for the antimeoplastic screening for from natural higher plants in Korea. By this method, we have found out that Selaginella involves, Patrinia hispida, Archyranthes japonica and Solanum nigrum having significant activity and also Cydonia sinensis and Rubia akane showed slight activity to antitumor 2) The total packed cell volune method has been used for the antineoplastic screening for from natural higher plants in Japan. Among the 21 tested plants, lsodon japonicus having strong antitumor activity and also Torilis japonica, Aralia elata, Leonurus sibiricus and Rubia cordifolia showed significant activity to anticancer tumor while Forsythia spp and Solanum nigrum showed slight activity to antitumor. 3) Among the 21 tested Korea plants, lsodon excisus and Forsythia Koreana showed strong antitumor activity by the V79 cytotoxic cell screening test.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.220-229
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• 2021

This study is aimed to a textile design with a motif of korean endemic plants and a method for printing it in an eco-friendly manner. The floral pattern with the motif of korean endemic plants was designed using Illustrator and Photoshop program. CMYK color, which is the basic color of Digital Textile Printing (DTP), is based on natural dyes, and various colors, achromatic colors and pastel tones are applied. As a result, half-linen and cotton were suitable as a result of designing and applying a floral pattern of a korean special plants. Also, as a result of analyzing the printing effect by colorway and DTP for each material, it was printed uniformly and the washing fastness was good. However, fastness of color change showed low, indicating that a follow-up study was needed. This study contributes to environmental conservation through eco-friendly printing and the korean endemic plants will be interested in people around the world beyond korea.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1996

For three cultivars of chilling-sensitive cucumber plants, chilling sensitivity was evaluated in terms of photosynthetic activity using Chl fluorescence techniques. Low-temperature treatment caused a decrease in photosynthetic activities of cucumber leaves, measured as CO$_2$ exchange, as well as the decrease in the stomatal conductance. FR of the three cultivars decreased after chilling for 24 h in light and the extent of decline of F$_R$ was the greatest in 'Chosaeng' cultivar. When these plants were recovered from light-chilling, 'Chosaeng' and 'Samchuk' cultivars did not fully restore the original value of F$_R$ after 24 h of recovery, in contrast to 'Ilmi' cultivar which showed a rather efficient recovery. The results of FR study showed that 'Chosaeng' was most susceptible, whereas Ilmi was most resistant, to chilling among the three cultivars of cucumber plants. When quenching coefficients for chlorophyll fluorescence was analyzed after chilling the cucumber plants for 24 h in light, 'Chosaeng' elicited more rapid declines in the coefficients for photochemical quenching (qQ), non-photochemical quenching (qNP) and energy-dependent quenching (qE) than 'Ilmi' and 'Samchuk'. The implications of these observations are discussed in relation to the growth habits of the respective cultivars in the field. The results showed that measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence was an effective means of screening chilling tolerance of cucumber plants. Furthermore, the study on the chlorophyll fluorescence induction and fluorescence quenching charactersitics showed that low temperature could accelerate inhibition of photosynthesis in chilling-sensitive plants, by limiting Calvin cycle activity and disrupting, in part, the energy dissipation mechanims of the photosystem II.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.533-537
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to develop a new natural preservative system to improve the weak points of natural polyhydric alcohols together with the efficiency of natural plants as a preservative. Polyhydric alcohols (glyceryl caprylate and ethylhexylglycerin) and antimicrobial plants (S. radix, A. nilotica and C. reticulata) were tested using the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method for their antimicrobial activity against the common poultry pathogens, respectively. A study of the preservative efficacy of the cosmetic formulations containing the optimized preservative system demonstrated sufficient preservative efficacy against bacteria and eukaryotic test microbes. These results suggest that the natural preservative system including polyhydric alcohol extracts containing natural plants could be incorporated in cosmetic formulations.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.33-37
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• 2001

Methanol extracts of eighty Chinese medicinal plants were investigated for platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor binding inhibitory activity using rabbit platelet. Extracts of Cratoxylon ligustrinum, Kalimeris indica, Euonymus japonica, Ophiopogon japonicus, Gleditsia sinensis, Clausena lansium, Agave sisalana were found to exhibit significant inhibitory effects. Chloroform partition of the Methanol extract of Kalimeris indica was further fractionated by column chromatography to afford one strong active subfraction with 93.6% inhibition at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/ml$.