• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.197-203
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• 2011

Personal Identifiable Information (PII) is considered information that identifies or can be used to identify, contact, or locate a person to whom such information pertains or that is or might be linked to a natural person directly or indirectly. In order to recognize such data processed within information and communication technologies such as PII, it should be determined at which stage the information identifies, or can be associated with, an individual. For this, there has been ongoing research for privacy protection mechanism to protect PII, which now becomes one of hot issues in the International Standard as privacy framework and privacy reference architecture. Data processing flow models should be developed as an integral component of privacy risk assessments. Such diagrams are also the basis for categorizing PII. The data processing flow may not only show areas where the PII has a certain level of sensitivity or importance and, as a consequence, requires the implementation of stronger safeguarding measures. This paper propose a standard format for satisfying the ISO/IEC 29100 "Privacy Framework" and shows an implementation example for privacy reference architecture implementing privacy controls for the processing of PII in information and communication technology.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.319-330
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of home visiting physical therapy on the motor function and ADL in the person with chronic stroke. In this study, 50 individuals, lining in Ui-wang city, were chosen by Ui-wang city public health center and the home visiting physical therapy was performed once a week for 8 weeks and scored the MAS, the FIM and the MBI before and after. The results of this study were as follows. (1) The items with the highest score among subscales of the MAS was 'Sitting', the FIM was 'Comprehension', and the MBI was 'Ambulation' and the lowest were the MAS was 'Hand activities', the FIM was 'Bathing', and the MBI was 'Bathing self' respectively. (2) After 8 weeks home visiting physical therapy, average total score of MAS, FIM and MBI were 23.32, 89.00, and 61.72 and MAS and MBI a significant increment(p<0.05) but not FIM. Results shown here indicates that the home visiting physical therapy can result in changed the motor function and the ADL in the person with chronic stroke. Also, the results of this study can provide a reference for the successful therapeutic program in the persons with chronic stroke.

• KNOM Review
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.35-47
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• 2021

Various stress exists in a modern society, which requires constant competition and improvement. A person under stress often shows his pressure in his facial expression and language. Therefore, it is possible to measure the pressure using facial expression and language analysis. The paper proposes a stress measurement system using facial expression and language sensitivity analysis. The method analyzes the person's facial expression and language sensibility to derive the stress index based on the main emotional value and derives the integrated stress index based on the consistency of facial expression and language. The quantification and generalization of stress measurement enables many researchers to evaluate the stress index objectively in general.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.263-270
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the temple wastes and suggest the waste management guidelines for temples in natural parks. Study results revealed four important findings. First, it was found that the average quantity of the total temple wastes was 85,786g/day which was composed of general wastes(44,617g/day), food wastes(20,292g/day), recycling wastes(20.825g/day), and buddhist service wastes(60g/day). The average generation per capita of the temple wastes was 1,511g/capita day and the average bulk density was 0.102kg/l. Second, the food scrap was of small quantity(72.5g/day) because the traditional buddhist eating method, "Baru meal(鉢盂供養)" prohibits food abuse. This amount is very little compared to that produced in the general household in Korea. Third, the average quantity of the buddhist service wastes was 300-1,650g/one time. This wastes occupied 0.07% of the total temple wastes. Fourth, the average waste generated by visitors was 182.8g/person, which occupied 87.1% of the total temple wastes and costed 52,100,000 Wons to treat.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.846-853
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• 2005

The whole death by disaster is totalized to 1,515 person from 1993 to 2004 year in our country. In this section life damages by landslide is totalized 357 people(about 24% of whole life damage). About 36 people are died by landslide(such as cutting area failure every year). Kangwon-do need a lot of interests and prevention because dangerous area that landslide occurrence is more than other area at summer localized downpour or thawing season and there is landslide occurrence possibility area more than other area. Kangwon-do area is higher than other area in natural disaster incidence and damage scale because topography and a lot of rainfalls by summer localized in Kangwon-Do than other area. In this study, dangerous area of landslide occurrence possibility is analyzed and compared Kangwon-Do with other areas in our country. as a result, every year we have experienced landslide occurrence and natural disaster. accordingly, we urgently need to prevent landslide occurrence and natural disaster by analy-zed source about landslide occurrence and condition of disaster in Kangwon-Do and suitable engineering method and construction work.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2008

It seems to be difficult to bridge between human and nature. All depictions of nature are not necessarily reflections of reality. Thoughts are projected into nature, then nature will reflect us. The world is composed of natural and cultural environment. There are differences between depiction of nature based on correspondence and construction of world. Environmental aesthetics is an emerging field of study that focuses on nature's aesthetic value as well as on its ethical and environmental implications. Allen Carlson, a pioneer in environmental aesthetics, provides challenges as well as a wealth of resources for those who would appropriate his ideas in the service of environmental protection. Carlson's positive aesthetics, his focus on the functionality of human environments, and his integration of aesthetics and ethics have great import for those seeking to use aesthetics to assist in addressing environmental controversies. Environmental ethics would benefit from taking environmental aesthetics more seriously. Environmental aesthetics is an emerging discipline that explores the meaning and influence of environmental perception and experience on human life. Arguing for the idea that environment is not merely a setting for people but fully integrated and continuous with us, Arnold Berleant explores the aesthetic dimensions of the human-environment continuum in both theoretical terms and concrete situations. Aesthetic experience is always contextual. The aesthetic aspect of any human habitat is an essential part of its desirability. The aesthetic perception of environment shows us the reciprocity that constitutes both person and place. The genuine beauty lies in the coexistence and harmony with natural environment.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.214-227
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the socio-demographic factors, the disaster related factors, the physical health related factors and the psychological factors of older adults exposed to natural disaster and these factors may possibly cause the occurrence of PTSD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed using the secondary data from the 3rd Disaster Victims Panel Survey (2012-2017). The data from 1,397 disaster victims were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. Results: Compared with the younger adult disaster victims, the elderly were more likely to have symptoms of PTSD (15.0% vs. 12.1%). Factors such as the number of years since being exposed to the disaster, anxiety, depression and social adjustment were significantly associated with occurrence of PTSD for both older and younger adults. Female gender was the additional risk factors for the older adults, while marital status, income, having witnessed another person's injury or death, and having lost a home were associated with the occurrence of PTSD. Conclusion: The elderly were more likely to develop PTSD as compared with younger adults. More targeted post-disaster mental health services to the elderly with the symptoms of depressive, anxiety and impaired social adjustments, should be provided to improve their mental health.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

This study investigates supply patterns and residential characteristics of the Urban-type Housing in Seoul. There have been 3,336 buildings and 71,790 housing units approved until the end of 2012. One-room apartments and small units less than 30 $m^2$ of residential area amount to 81% and 82% of total units, respectively. Major findings are as follows. First, single- and two-person households less than 30 years of age are mostly lived in the housing. Respondents are mainly professional and white-collar (43%) and service and sales workers (27%). Most of them are mid-income classes (67%), which is twice more than that of single- and two-person households in Seoul. They pay 672 thousand won in rent more than average rent of mid-income class. The rent to income ratios are 29.9% for single households and 24.5% for two-person households, which are higher than that of mid-income bracket. Third, their satisfaction level is relatively high in internal environment and access to public service facilities, but not in external environment and community service facilities. They are satisfied with security and daylight, walking and safety, access to public transport and parking space, but not with noise and vibration, natural environment, access to park and cultural and sports facilities, and most community service facilities. It is necessary to reexamine the articles of deregulation and prepare design standards while considering different housing and locational types.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2008

While increasing demand of the service for the disabled and the elderly people, assistive technologies have been developed rapidly. The natural signal of human such as voice or gesture has been applied to the system for assisting the disabled and the elderly people. As an example of such kind of human robot interface, the Soft Remote Control System has been developed by HWRS-ERC in $KAIST^[1]$. This system is a vision-based hand gesture recognition system for controlling home appliances such as television, lamp and curtain. One of the most important technologies of the system is the hand gesture recognition algorithm. The frequently occurred problems which lower the recognition rate of hand gesture are inter-person variation and intra-person variation. Intra-person variation can be handled by inducing fuzzy concept. In this paper, we propose multivariate fuzzy decision tree(MFDT) learning and classification algorithm for hand motion recognition. To recognize hand gesture of a new user, the most proper recognition model among several well trained models is selected using model selection algorithm and incrementally adapted to the user's hand gesture. For the general performance of MFDT as a classifier, we show classification rate using the benchmark data of the UCI repository. For the performance of hand gesture recognition, we tested using hand gesture data which is collected from 10 people for 15 days. The experimental results show that the classification and user adaptation performance of proposed algorithm is better than general fuzzy decision tree.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.35-42
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• 2014

In the market of First Person Shooter (FPS) games, Massively Multi-player Online FPS games (MMOFPS) like 'PlanetSide 2' have been popular recently. Dead reckoning has been widely used in order to mitigate the network traffic overload for the game server with hundreds or thousands of people. This paper proposes the efficient analytical method to calculate the tolerable threshold angle of moving direction, which is one of the most important factors for character status updating when dead reckoning is used in MMOFPS games. The experimental results with game testers shows that the proposed method minimizes the position error for character moving and provides natural direction updates of characters.