• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Lung cancer is a fatal disease, highlighting the importance of research on related topics, including surgery for lung cancer. However, systematic research analyzing surgery on a national scale is limited. This study aimed to investigate the research on lung cancer using nationwide data in South Korea and to analyze trends in lung cancer surgery, including its clinical implications. Published articles and data from the Korean National Health Insurance database were used. Although the incidence and mortality of lung cancer have been improving, it is predicted to be the most common and fatal type of cancer in South Korea in 2021. The number of surgical procedures for lung cancer is increasing, especially among women, those ≥76 years of age, residents of non-metropolitan cities, and middle-income patients. Lobectomy and sublobectomy, including segmentectomy, are increasingly common. However, the proportion of pneumonectomy relative to other procedures is not increasing. Surgery has shown a reasonable survival rate, especially after lobectomy, but survival remains poor in patients ≥76 years of age who undergo pneumonectomy. The frequency of lung cancer surgery is increasing concomitantly with various socioeconomic changes. Lobectomy has become increasingly common, and the clinical results of surgery are satisfactory. Further research on the changing composition of surgical candidates is required.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.207-217
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop a patient safety nursing activities scale for clinical nurses and to verify validity and reliability it. A preliminary scale was developed through various processes and pilot study. Data were collected from 900 nurses at 28 hospitals selected by proportionate stratified sampling with 331 general hospitals nationwide. The final scale was a 4-point scale, consisting of 72 items in 10 domains. The construct validity was found to be appropriate by exploratory factor analysis and 70.3% of the variance in the total scale and over .74 of factor loading. There was a significant correlation between scale and patient safety culture (r=.52, p<.001) and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .99. This scale developed to measure patient safety nursing activities of clinical nurses was found to be reliable and valid and will be a useful tool in practical field.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.85-97
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• 2003

At the end of last January, 2003, a domestic top-level domain name server (DNS) shut down the server and it caused the wired and wireless internet services to be completely paralyzed in the aftermath of a virus attack incurring a various range of losses nationwide. The main reason of this event is the lack of our awareness of cyber security. In particular, in the small-scale network, there are few security administrators and no operating devices to protect information as well. Under this circumstance, using ESM center to service real-time security supervision and correspondence for network, it can be one option. However, due to the economic efficiency, most of security systems have been being developed focusing on the large-scale network first. Therefore, ESM centers which inspect security state of network concentrate on IDC or large-scale network services. This dissertation studies economical ESM service by designing exclusive SnSA for small-scale network for widespread use. Firstly, network invasion feeler function N_SnSA and host invasion feeler function H_SnSA are embodied to collect more informations in the small-scale network. Secondarily, the existing vulnerability is studied to find the solutions linked with a low cost to a Public center such as Kyonggi Univ ESM center.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.13
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• pp.5493-5498
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• 2015

Due to the lack of nationwide population-based cancer registration, the total cancer prevalence in Iran is unknown. Our previous work in which we used a basic network scale-up (NSU) method, failed to provide plausible estimates of total cancer prevalence in Kerman. The aim of the present study was to estimate total and partial prevalence of cancer in southeastern Iran using an adapted version of the generalized network scale-up method. A survey was conducted in 2014 using multi-stage cluster sampling. A total of 1995 face-to-face gender-matched interviews were performed based on an adapted version of the NSU questionnaire. Interviewees were asked about their family cancer history. Total and partial prevalence were estimated using a generalized NSU estimator. The Monte Carlo method was adopted for the estimation of upper/lower bounds of the uncertainty range of point estimates. One-yr, 2-3 yr, and 4-5 yr prevalence (per 100,000 people) was respectively estimated at 78 (95%CI, 66, 90), 128 (95%CI, 118, 147), and 59 (95%CI, 49, 70) for women, and 48 (95%CI, 38, 58), 78 (95%CI, 66, 91), and 42 (95%CI, 32, 52) for men. The 5-yr prevalence of all cancers was estimated at 0.18 percent for men, and 0.27 percent for women. This study showed that the generalized familial network scale-up method is capable of estimating cancer prevalence, with acceptable precision.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.71-86
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a scale to measure the ethical awareness of users who accept artificial intelligence technology or service. To this end, the constructs and properties of AI ethics were identified through literature analysis on AI ethics. Reliability and validity were assessed through a preliminary survey(N=273), after conducting an open-type survey to men and women(N=133) in 10s to 70s nationwide, extracting the first questions, and reviewing them by experts. The results of an online survey conducted on men and women(N=500) were refined by confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, an AI technology ethics scale was developed. The AI technology ethics awareness scale was developed with 16 questions in total of 4 factors (transparency, safety, fairness, accountability) so that general awareness of ethics related to AI technology can be measured by detailed factors. In addition, through follow-up research, it will be possible to reveal the relationship with measurement variables in various fields by using the ethical awareness scale of artificial intelligence technology.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.61-73
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• 2004

The efficiency of the real-time route guidance system(RGS) depends largely on the quality of route search algorithms. In this paper, we implement the coarse grid method(CGM) in mathematical programming for finding a good quality route of real-time RGS in large-scale networks. The proposed CGM examines coarser and wider networks as the search phase proceeds, in stead of searching the whole network at once. Naturally, we can significantly reduce computational efforts in terms of search time and memory requirement. We demonstrate the practical effectiveness of the proposed CGM with nationwide real road network simulation.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.51-58
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• 2011

As it gets nearer to the modern society, social and cultural situations are changing and the spatial form of public space is changing into the complex structure where it is interlinked with each other diversely. In particular, as the development of large-scale complex spreads nationwide, the form of complex commercial space assuming the nature of malls appears prominently. In such a large-scale complex commercial space, the diverse visual elements make the environment difficult to be perceived. Like this, the attention in the commercial space where a variety of visual stimuli are in the presence, is important element, so the plan of VP(visual presentation) is needed for effectively selecting or inducing the space. Thus, in this study, human visual and perception process will be reviewed and a method to evaluate the attention will be proposed. Also, the attention of each stores in the complex commercial spaces will be evaluated to propose the indicators for resonable spatial panning in the future.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.374-380
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• 2017

Pine wilt disease (PWD) is one of the hazardous pine tree diseases in whole world. In Korea, PWD has been spreading since it was first observed in Busan in 1988. Dispersion of PWD is mainly mediated by its vectors such as Japanese pine sawyer. In this study, we characterized environmental condition including meteorological factors, geographical factors, and land use factors influencing on the occurrence of PWD. The occurrence data of PWD were collected at 153 sites where were the initial occurrence sites of PWD in local government regions such as city, Gun, or Gu scale. We used Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) to evaluate the relative importance of environmental variables on the discrimination of occurrence or absence of PWD. The results showed that altitude, slope, and distance to road were the most influential factors on the occurrence of PWD, followed by distance to building. Finally, our study presented that human activities highly influenced on the long term dispersal of PWD.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.25-35
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• 2004

The purpose of the study is to analyze the existing situation of the green buffer zone in the large scale industrial site and other major residential apartment areas. In this study, it is specifically intended that the planning guideline be upgraded to adopt future landuse trends and thus to suggest design criteria for management of the buffer zone. The framework of the analysis is to review the current landuse, noise reduction, ecological implications and landscape in general. Although the major function of a green buffer zone is considered to protect the residential area from various hazards of industrial, traffic, and visual environment, the situation is that most of the zones are maintained at a minimum level of services by local government. The study carried out intensively almost every type of case studied throughout the country, which implies that the management of the green buffer zone should be expanded physically enough to function for its original objectives. The study recommends that ecological management of the green buffer zone be emphasized and therefore the criteria for this purpose as well as noise issue should be developed prior to the landuse aspects. The study suggests specific guidelines for planning and design for the green buffer zone development. This study should be verified positively through the sustainable monitoring and requires nationwide and overall examination so that it may be applied to whole green spaces.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.55-64
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• 2024

As the distribution of vehicles and logistics increases due to the development of human civilization and the increase in population, various roads play an important role in domestic traffic and transportation. However, the recent emergence of large cities and new cities is causing traffic problems, and the increase in roads is inevitable for the smooth distribution of vehicles and logistics. In Korea, mountainous regions occupy 70% of the country, so tunnels are used to open roads. Without this, it is difficult to open the road. Currently, there are 3,720tunnels (as of December 31, 2023) installed on high-speed national highways, general national highways, and local roads nationwide, with a length of 2.499 and increasing every year. Accordingly, fire accidents in tunnels will also increase, and due to the nature of tunnel fire accidents, there is a high probability that they will escalate into large-scale disasters, resulting in casualties and property damage, as well as significant social losses due to the disruption of logistics transportation, etc. As the possibility of potential hazards is increasing, the purpose of this study is to build a safe and efficient tunnel system by optimizing maintenance and management for fire and disaster accidents in tunnels.