• 산업기술연구
• /
• 제21권B호
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2001

Distribution System is considered as the most important part of SCM when the satisfaction of customer demand is considered. This paper focus on the backorder policies for stockout which is occurred in each regional distribution center of two-echelon distribution system facing stochastic demand process. Four concepts for the efficient system operation are suggested. First, at least 30% reduction of stockout is achieved by introduction of 50/25 allocation policy to distribution system. Second, transportation cost and lead-time of backorder are decreased by allowance of internal supply between regional distribution centers. Third, the frequency of emergency supply is minimized by application of Ship-up-to- expected-demand backorder policies. Finally we suggest several effective rules to select multi-internal suppliers. Simulation tests show the efficiency of our backorder policies and enhancement of customer service level.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제41권3호
• /
• pp.93-98
• /
• 2017

Background: Although phytoremediation is a promising method for pollution control, biomass produced by the remediation process must be managed; otherwise, it will eventually return to the environment and cause secondary pollution. Therefore, research and policy development for the post-remediation management of biomass are both required. Results: While there are many published studies of phytoremediation, research into post-remediation management is very limited. Therefore, a new study using biomass as a co-composting material was conducted and showed positive effects on soil characteristics and plant performance. However, despite its potential, research and policies to promote this form of management are still lacking. Conclusions: We suggest public engagement in support of "Post-phytoremediation management" legislation that stipulates management of biomass after phytoremediation, promotes recycling of biomass with known environmental risks, and includes specific policies developed for managers. Further research to support and inform such policies and laws is also required.

• 한국관개배수논문집
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.17-31
• /
• 2014

Excessive emission of greenhouse gases from fossil fuels usage has become a major cause of climate change. As an alternative to reduce the greenhouse gas emission, renewable energy has been highlighted around the world and UK government also established the Climate Change Act 2008 and policies for response the climate change. Those of them has been supporting many practical actions for reducing greenhouse gas emission and community energy projects is representative program to supporting security of energy supply and helping the country to reduce its carbon footprint. Rural Community Energy Fund (RCEF) which is one of community energy projects supports rural communities to develop renewable energy projects which provide economic and social benefits to the community. The review of UK's renewable energy policies and action plan can be useful to promote in Korea policies for becoming low-carbon society.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2006

The market for second hand products has been growing for a variety of reasons (e.g., new products appearing at a faster rate and the expected life of products increasing due to rapid advances in technology). The demand for warranties for second-hand products has been growing along with the growth of the market for second-hand products. Warranty for new products (consumer durables, industrial and commercial, and specialized defense products) has received a lot of attention. In contrast, warranties for second-hand product have received very little attention. Often, dealers of second-hand product such as cars offer 2D-warranties (Year and Kilometers). The expected warranty cost associated with a second-hand product for 2D-Policies is a function of the age of the item and its usage (as it affects failures over the warranty period), the warranty terms and the servicing strategy used by the dealer. This paper deals with development of models for warranty cost analysis along with the decision on sale price and warranty cover for 2D-Warranty policies associated with sale of second-hand products.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.373-379
• /
• 2005

In many cases, it is more practical and economical to repair a system than to replace the whole system or to perform a complete overhaul when the system fails. Two basic replacement policies were proposed by Barlow and Hunter(1960) and Morimura (1970), in which the minimal repair times are identically distributed. But, as Lam(1988) pointed out, in many cases of deteriorating system, in view of ageing and cumulative wear, the repair time will tend to be longer and longer. In this note, the two basic replacement policies are considered for a repairable system with linearly increasing repair times. Optimal policies, which maximize the steady state availability of the system, are obtained for the Weibull failure rate case.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.123-141
• /
• 2010

Considering recent changes in care policies for children and the elderly, this study assumed that the familialistic characteristics of the welfare state in Korea might differ from those of the past. In order to explore the direction of change in familialism, this study focused on care policies for children under six and for the elderly who are sixty-five and over. Applying Leitner's four types of familialism-implicit familialism, explicit familialism, optional familialism, and de-familialism-to the study, it analyzed both familialization care policies, such as paid parental leave, homecare allowance, tax credit, and de-familialization care policies, including service provision and subsidies. The results of the study showed that care policy for children under 6 displayed the characteristics of "optional familialism," while care policy for the elderly reflected "de-familialism."

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2005

In China, environmental noise policies are composed of correlated laws adopted by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and promulgated by the President of the country, regulations promulgated by the State Council and/or local government, standards issued by the Standardization Administration Committee (SAC) under the State Council. The laws mainly include the 'Environmental Protection Law' and the 'Law on Prevention and Control of Pollution From Environmental Noise' Regulations are often applied to a special noise pollution phenomenon of wide influence. They are generally only effective in a given area and/or a specific period. Tens of correlated standards specify the noise level limits of different functional zones of land use and of different equipment, machines, devices, appliances etc., and the measurement methods. In this presentation, a brief introduction to these policies and their operations is given and discussed. The conclusion is that the policies supply an effective legislative basis for environmental noise prevention and control in China, but still a lot of work should be conducted and completed to strive for a quiet society.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.253-263
• /
• 2020

북극해 관련 정부정책의 경우 해양수산부에서 제시된 "북극활동 진흥 기본계획"이 있으나, 구체적인 정책 집행의 순위 및 가중치 등이 제시되어 있지 않아 정책집행의 시기조절 및 경중을 고려하기에 어려움이 있다. 이러한 측면에서 본 연구에서는 정부에서 제시한 북극정책의 우선순위를 평가하는 것을 연구의 목적으로 하였다. 또한 북극정책의 원활한 수행을 위한 "지원방안" 및 "대외협력 방안"에 대해서도 우선순위를 제시하였다. 연구의 방법론은 전문가 의견을 종합적으로 평가할 수 있는 CFPR(Consistent Fuzzy Preference Relations) 방법을 활용하였다. 분석결과 해양수산부의 가장 중요한 북극정책은 '북극항로 개척 등 해운물류 협력'(0.087)이며, '전문인력 양성'(0.086), '제도적 기반 및 청사진 마련'(0.085) 순으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 북극해 관련 정책입안자 혹은 당국의 정책수립에 시사점을 제공할 수 있다.

• 토지주택연구
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.41-50
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to review the U.S. renewable energy policies implemented by the federal government and the state governments to investigate potential barriers of renewable energy expansion and to develop policy implications for the successful renewable energy policy making in Korea. Recently, the restructuring in the energy supply chain has been being a new trend in many countries that shows a transition from traditional fossil fuels to sustainable renewable energy sources. The United States has enforced effective renewable energy policies (i.e., regulatory policies, financial incentives), which have led to the exploding growth of renewable energy facilities and productions over the last ten years. For example, many state governments in the U.S. are implementing Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) policies that require increased energy supply from renewable energy sources (i.e., solar, wind and geothermal). These RPS policies are expected to account for at least 10-50 percent of total electricity production in the next fifteen years. As part of results, in the recent three years, renewable energy in the U.S provided over 50 percent of total new power generation constructions. On the other hand, Korea initiated to develop climate change policies in 2008 for the Green Growth Policy that set up a target reduction of national Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions up to 37 percent by 2025. However, statistical data for accumulated renewable energy capacity refer that Korea is still in its early stage that contribute to only 7 percent of the total electricity production capacity and of which hydroelectric power occupied most of the production. Thus, new administration in Korea announced a new renewable energy policy (Renewable Energy 3020 Plan) in 2017 that will require over 95 percent of the total new generations as renewable energy facilities to achieve up to 20 percent of the total electricity production from renewable energy sources by 2030. However, to date, there have not been enough studies to figure out the barriers of the current policy environment and to develop implications about renewable energy policies to support the government plan in Korea. Therefore, this study reviewed the U.S. renewable energy policies compared with Korean policies that could show model cases to introduce related policies and to develop improved incentives to rapidly spread out renewable energy facilities in Korea.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2012

새로운 정보통신기술 변화에 따른 신규 보안위협의 등장, 사이버 공격의 증가, 국내외 정보보안 관련 법규 제정 및 시행 강화 등 제반 환경 변화에 따라 정보보안에 대한 대응방법의 변화를 요구하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 디지털 경제주체로서 정부, 기업/산업, 개인, 환경 등 네 가지 측면에서 국가 정보보안을 위해 해결해야 할 이슈를 도출하고 해결방안을 제시하였다. 구체적으로 국가 정보보안 거버넌스 체계 개선 방안, 정보보안 산업 육성 및 기업보안 수준 제고 방안, 정보보안 전문인력 양성 방안, 정보보안 법 제도 정비 및 문화 형성 등 네 가지 관점에서 현황 및 문제점 분석과 주요 이슈 해결을 위한 정책 방안을 제시하였다.