• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제18권3호통권47호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate investment behavior of mothers who have children of the lower grades in primary school and the effects of the variables. The subjects of this study were 454 mothers who have children of lower grades in primary school in Seoul. Statistics used for data analysis were frequency, mean, percentage, multiple regression. The households which paid their money for private education investment cost was 182.543 won a month and the mean of time use of mother for child education was 125 minutes a day. The most influencing variable on money investment to private education investment behavior was family income and on time investment to it was influence of reference group.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2015

Replacing a manual switch installed in a feeder for a distribution system with an automatic one increases the reliability of the electric power system. This is because the automatic switch can shorten the duration of a fault the customer experiences by splitting the faulty section faster than the manual one does. However, improving the reliability of the distribution system may increase investment costs. Here, the investment costs include automatic switch cost, replacement work cost and labor cost. For this reason, importance should be attached to the proper balance between the increase of the investment costs and the improvement of the reliability of the distribution system. This article analyzed reliability index and economics when manual switches installed in a feeder (RBTS Bus2 model) was replaced by automatic ones. In addition, it attempted to draw the optimum rate of automation of manual switches by automatic ones using the GRG optimization method, considering the current economic requirements.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.149-160
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• 2018

This study aimed to analyze the replacement investment of the diesel fuel system with the pallet fuel system in the Korean farming sector. Equivalent annual annuity approach was used to resolve a discrepancy of useful life in capital goods and to facilitate investment analyses in an independent perspective. Data was obtained from previous studies on economic analysis of greenhouse tomato, paprika and cucumber. Results showed that the replacement with the pallet fuel system was acceptable irrespective of the remaining period of useful life for the diesel fuel system. In addition, sensitivity analysis with government support level, repair cost, and light and heat energy cost show ed robustness in the possibility of replacement with the pallet fuel system while the speed of replacement was accelerated with an increase in the amount of diesel fuel used and price of diesel fuel, and a decrease in price of the pallet fuel. The result implied that the replacement investment rather than a new investment was appropriate for existing greenhouse farmers and the pallet fuel system was acceptable to replace existing diesel fuel system in producing greenhouse tomato, paprika and cucumber.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2013

As workplace incidents has been being declining in Korea, there is criticism of the effectiveness of occupational safety policy implementation. It is unknown that which policy target group needs to be targeted to yield effective injuries prevention. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and reveal the policy intervention group with a high priority in terms of industrial incident prevention and the related investment cost. A Policy Priority Model(PPM) is composed of 6 indicators regarding influences of both the incident reduction and the cost reduction. Z-score analyses are used to confirm the high policy priority area or policy target group. Overall, workplace with worker below 50 persons, construction site with the sales of more than a hundred million won, workplace with relatively small percentage of female employees and relatively higher percentage of older worker should be prioritized to reduce workplace injuries. This paper provides an analytic way that can be used to decide the policy priority workplace in order not only to reduce work-related injuries&illnesses and the related investment cost but to further lessen the related societal costs.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.135-148
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• 2004

Rice is not only main food but also key farm income source of Korean farmers. In spite of the above facts, rice productivity was decreased on account of drought in every 2 or 3 years interval owing to the vulnerability of irrigation facilities throughout Korea in the past decades. As an context of the first five year economic development plan, all weather farming programme including 4 big river basin comprehensive development projects and large and medium sized irrigation water development projects were carried out successfully. Therefore the area of irrigated paddy were increased from 58% in 1970 to 76.2% in 1999. In the past decades, the Government had invested heavy financial funds to develop irrigation water but as an factor share analysis, the contribution rates of irrigation water and investment for farmland base development project have not been identified yet in national agricultural economic level. It is very scarce to find out the papers concerned to macro-economic factor share analysis or contribution rates of water and investment cost to rice production value in Korea considering the production function of the quantity of irrigation water and investment cost as independent variables. Accordingly this paper covered and aimed at identifying (1) derivation of rice production function with the time serial data from 1965 to 1999 and the contribution rates of irrigation water and total investment cost for farmland base development project. The analytical model of the contribution rates was adapted the famous Cobb-Douglass production function. According to the model analysis, the contribution rate of irrigation water to rice production in Korea was shown 37.8% which was equivalent to 0.28 of the production elasticity of water. The contribution rate of farmland base development project cost was revealed 22% and direct production cost of rice was contributed 60% in the growth of rice production and farm mechanization costs contributed to 18% of it respectively. The two contribution rates comparing with the direct production cost were small but without irrigation water and farmland base development, application of high-pay off inputs and farm mechanization might be impossible. Considering the food security and to cope with the frequent drought, rice farming and investment for the irrigation water development should be continued even in WTO system.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.123-136
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• 2019

This study investigates the facilitating factors of FDI (foreign direct investment) inflows in 15 developing countries of three continents (Asia, Latin America, and Africa) using fixed-effect panel regression analysis with 30-year macro socio-economic data. The facilitating factors of FDI inflows in each continent differed. In Asia, labor compensation, GDP, consumer expenditure, human capital, and export facilitated FDI inflows in decreasing order, as did export, total factor productivity, GDP, and human capital in Latin America, and investment expenditure, human capital, government expenditure, and export in Africa. Most importantly, the character of cost saving efficiency-seeking investment was very strong in Asia. Also, third-party export-oriented investment and economic growth-oriented investment were shown in Latin America and Africa, respectively.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

본 연구는 패널자료(15개 시도의 20년간 자료)를 이용하여 홍수피해 비용과 복구비와의 상관관계에 대한 분석을 시도하였다. 패널 분석은 자료의 성격에 따라 고정효과모형 또는 확률효과모형을 사용하지만 본 분석은 두 모형을 함께 추정하였다. 예상대로 모든 변수들은 복구비와 정의 상관관계를 보였지만 사망자수와 이재민 수는 유의하지 않거나 오히려 음의 상관관계를 보이기도 하였다. 그리고 공공시설의 피해가 가장 중요한 인자였다. 무엇보다 중요한 것은 우리나라의 경우 복구비가 피해액이나 투자액에 비해 항상 높다는 것이다. 우리나라와는 반대로 일본의 경우 복구비가 가장 낮고 투자비가 가장 높다는 점을 미루어 볼 때 결국 적절한 투자가 향후 홍수피해는 물론 복구비도 낮출 수 있다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2018

Despite the advantages of energy arbitrage using energy storage systems (ESSs), the high cost of ESSs has not attracted storage owners for the arbitrage. However, as the costs of ESS have decreased and the price volatility of the electricity market has increased, many studies have been conducted on energy arbitrage using ESSs. In this study, the existing two-period model is modified in consideration of the ESS cost and risk-free contracts. Optimal investment strategies that maximize the sum of external effects caused by price changes and arbitrage profits are formulated by market participants. The optimal amounts of ESS investment for three types of investors in three different market structures are determined with game theory, and strategies in the form of the mixed-complementarity problem are solved by using the PATH solver of GAMS. Results show that when all market participants can participate in investment simultaneously, only customers invest in ESSs, which means that customers can obtain market power by operating their ESSs. Attracting other types of ESS investors, such as merchant storage owners and producers, to mitigate market power can be achieved by increasing risk-free contracts.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제10권spc호
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• pp.96-111
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• 2022

With the rapid development of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and digital transformation, scientific and technological innovation measures are being devised to overcome Korea's low-growth, high-cost structure. Accordingly, by examining the R&D investment evaluation system of R&D PIE (R&D Platform for Investment and Evaluation), which has been promoted by the Korean government in response to the Fourth Industrial Revolution, from the perspective of R&D transformation, this study aims to explore a new path for a sustainable national science and technology innovation system following digital transformation. In particular, from the perspective of R&D PIE, a MLP (Multi-level Perspective), which had been conducted as an abstract theoretical study, was attempted with specific cases and analysis for each of the three layers: niche, landscape, and regime. In conclusion, R&D PIE was intended to elevate the abstract R&D investment evaluation system to a platform that leads innovation in the digital space of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In addition, it was confirmed that the R&D PIE could be replaced or enhanced as a platform for innovation in response to the Fourth Industrial Revolution, thereby providing an alternative to job creation and an escape from economic crisis.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.289-289
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• 1999

This paper describes the investment casting of TiAl alloys. The effects of mold material and mold preheating temperature for the investment casting of TiAl on metal-mold interfacial reaction were investigated by means of optical micrography, hardness profiles and an electron probe microanalyzer. The mold materials examined were colloidal silica bonded ZrO₂, ZrSiO₄, A1₂O₃and CaO stabilized ZrO₂. When compared with conventional titanium a1loy, the high aluminum concentration of TiAl alloys helps to lower their reactivity in the molten state. The A1₂O₃mold is a promising mold material for the investment casting of TiAl in terms of the thermal stability, formability and cost. Special attention need to be paid to thermal stability and mold preheating when developing the investment calling of TiAl alloys.