• 한국가금학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2001

The goal of this paper was to examine the qualify zygote-acquiring method for in-vitro culture and the in-vitro culture method of the acquired zygote from a technological perspective. We have reported the results on the introduction of foreign DNAs using the described culturing method. After performing in-vitro and surrogate eggshell culture on a zygote acquired from the abdomen of a hen, 25.8% hatchability was acquired. After microinjecting foreign DNAs into the acquired zygote and performing in-vitro and surrogate eggshell culture using the same method, 13.1∼11.7% hatchability was acquired. Having compared the developments of the control subjects and the experimental subjects, the viability of the experimental subjects on the 4∼5th day of culturing was much lower compared to that of the control subjects. This is a result that shows that the microinjection process of foreign DNAs might have a negative effect on the existence of the embryo; therefore, various technical attempts should be made to minimize such negative effects. Having microinjected foreign DNAs into the zygote of a hen to produce transgenic chickens, 3 transgenic founders were Produced and 70 G1 progeny were produced as a result of the progeny test that had been performed to the present.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to determine effects of different culture media. Preantral follicles were mechanically extracted from bovine ovaries and cultured for 16 days in tissue culture medium (TCM)-199, DMEM or alpha-minimal essential medium ($\alpha$-MEM) + 10% FBS + 0.1 mg/ml sodium pyruvate + 100 mIU/ml FSH. The collected primary follicles from ovary were higher than the primary and secondary follicles. The survival rates of the follicles in TCM-199 were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those in DMEM and $\alpha$-MEM. The diameter of the follicles progressively increased during 12 days of culture. The maximum size ($139.1{\pm}5.4\;{\mu}m$) reached on Day 12 of the in vitro culture and decreased on Day 16. These results suggest that in a culture of bovine preantral follicles, TCM-199 is an optimal medium and a longer-term culture of preantral follicles (>12 days) may be needed to form antra.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.91-97
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• 1998

이 연구에서는 해산어의 종묘 생산에 필요한 대량 배양용 로티퍼, Brachionus rotundiformis의 종 보존 방법으로서 무균 로티퍼의 이용을 검토했다. 로티퍼는 개량형 항생제 혼합액 AM9을 사용하여 무균 처리한후, 무균 Nannochloropsis oculata를 먹이로 공급하여 연속 유지 배양했다. 각각 다른 시기의 3회 (trial 1, 2 and 3)에 걸친 로티퍼 배양결과, 무균 배양 (axenic culture)에서는 비교적 안정적인 증식을 보인 반면, 유균 배양 (non-axenic culture)에서 로티퍼의 증식은 불안정적으로 각 시기에 따라서 심한 증식의 차이가 관찰되었다. 이 결과는 유균 배양에서 로티퍼의 증식에 직접적으로 악영향을 미치는 박테리아가 무균 처리과정을 통해서 제거되었음을 증명한다. 로티퍼 무균 배양 방법의 일반화 또는 대량 배양용 로티퍼의 씨앗으로서의 무균 로티퍼의 이용은 로티퍼의 안정 배양은 물론 유용 수산 생물의 대량 폐사를 일으키는 원인 생물을 사전에 제거할 수 있는 유효한 방법이 될 수 있다고 생각된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.354-359
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• 2009

The productivity of ultra-small rotifer, Synchaeta kitina was investigated at the exchange rate of culture water (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%) and initial inoculation densities (250, 600 and 900 inds. per mL) in semi-continuous culture. Also, the possibility of mass culture was investigated in a 100 L culture tank. Tetraselmis suecica was used as the feed for S. kitina in all experiments. The production of S. kitina increased with an increase in exchange rate of culture water. The highest production ($82.0{\times}10^5$ inds.) was achieved at 40% exchange rate of culture water. The production of S. kitina increased with an increase of initial inoculation density during the first week and the highest total production ($17.4{\times}10^6$ inds.) was achieved at 900 inds. per mL of initial inoculation density. However, on the second week, all treatments were not significantly different in total production (P>0.05). During the two weeks, total production of S. kitina at 900 inds. per mL of initial inoculation density was higher than at 600 inds. of initial inoculation density, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05). In the 100 L culture tank, density of S. kitina was kept from 516 to 890 inds. per mL and S. kitina was daily harvested $15.5{\times}10^6$ to $26.7{\times}10^6$ during the experimental period. The production cost for 100 million rotifers in semi-continuous culture was 63,656 won. The results from this study indicate that the optimal exchange rate of culture water and initial inoculation density for the semi-continuous culture of ultra-small rotifer, S. kitina are 40% and 600 inds. per mL, respectively.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.257-263
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• 2011

In general, the blood cell culture is a common method for animal chromosome preparation. However, every animal and its cells have unique physiological characteristics and functions. Hence, it is very difficult to find the suitable method of chromosome preparation using animal lymphocyte culture. This study was carried out to fine the suitable method of chromosome preparation using lymphocytes cultures in mammalians and aves including cattle, rat, mouse and chicken. To seek the optimal method of lymphocyte culture in each animal, $2^3$ factorial experiment was designed. The design evaluated three main effects in culture duration, kinds of mitogen supplements and colcemid exposure time with two levels within each effect. The mitotic index and the score of chromosome morphology were analyzed. In results, the suitable methods of lymphocyte culture for chromosome preparation were 72 hours culture, pokeweed mitogen(PWM) supplement and 90 minutes of colcemid exposure in cattle, 72 hours culture, PWM supplement and 50 minutes of colcemid exposure in chicken, 96 hours culture, concanavalin A supplement and 90 minutes of colcemid exposure in rat, and 72 hours culture, PWM supplement and 50 minutes of colcemid exposure in mouse, respectively. In conclusion, kinds of mitogen, culture duration and colcemid exposure time significantly affected the mitotic index and chromosome morphology, in animal lymphocyte culture. The interaction effects between/among treatment factors were also statistically significant.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2008

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the impact of Organizational Culture on job satisfaction and organizational commitment in nursing organization. Methods: The sample consisted of 264 nurses of 2 tertiary medical institutions. The instruments used in this study were the nursing organizational culture questionnaire (Han, 2001), job satisfaction scale (Paula, 1978), and Organizational Commitment scale (Mowday et al., 1979). The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, t-test, Pearson Correlation. Coefficient, and multiple regression using the SPSS Win 14.0 program. Results: The dominant organizational culture of nursing organization was rank-oriented culture. The mean score of job satisfaction and organizational commitment was 3.28 and 3.40 respectively. Organizational commitment and Job satisfaction were positively correlated with affiliative-oriented culture, innovative-oriented culture, and task-oriented culture. Affiliative-oriented and task-oriented culture were major variables influencing on job satisfaction and affiliative-oriented culture was a major variable influencing organizational commitment. Conclusion: Organizational culture, especially affiliative-oriented culture had a significant influence on nurses' job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Therefore, we have to develop strategies to enhancing the affiliative-oriented culture to improve the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of nurses.

• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물학회 1999년도 제13회 식물생명공학심포지움 New Approaches to Understand Gene Function in Plants and Application to Plant Biotechnology
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• pp.45-49
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• 1999

Plant cell culture is emerging to express bioactive foreign proteins because it has several advantages in that it is safe, economical, genetically stable and eukaryotic expression system comparing with other expression systems. However several limitations such as slow growth rate, low expression level and lack of well established down stream process need to be answered. As a preliminary approach to produce the immunologically interested molecules through the plant cell culture, we tested if granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factors (GM-CSFs) from both murine (mGM-CSF) and human (hGM-CSF) are produced as a biologically active form through plant cell culture. The murine and human GM-CSF genes were cloned into the plant expression vector, pBI121, and Ti-plasmid mediated transformation of tobacco leaves was conducted using Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring both recombinant GM-CSF (rGM-CSF) genes. Cell suspension culture was established from the leaf-derived calli of transgenic tobacco plant. Northern blot analysis indicated the expression of the introduced mGM-CSF gene in both transgenic plant and cell suspension cultures. In addition, the biological activities of both murine and human GM-CSF from plant cell culture were confirmed by measuring the proliferation of the GM-CSF dependent FDC-PI and TF-1 cells, respectively.

• 생약학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 1975

To isolate ergot strains which are capable of growing and producing alkaloids in submerged culture, strains were isolated from the sclerotia parasitizing the Graminae plants in Korea and the experiments of submerged culture of these strains yielded the following results: 1) The mycelia which were respectively isolated from the sclerotia parasitizing Agropyron semicostatum $N_{EES}$, Arundinella hirta $T_{ANAKA}$ var. ciliata $K_{OIDSUMI}$, Ischaemum anthephoroides $M_{IQ}$. var. eriostachyum $H_{ONDA}$, and Phleum pretense L. grew in Medium D by submerged culture. 2) When the strain of the ergot of Agropyron semicostatum was inoculated into six different nutrient solutions for submerged culture, its mycelium grew well in Media C, D and F, but produced alkaloids only in Medium C, indicating that Medium C is relatively suitable for the strain. 3) The extraction of the alkaloids from the culture broth by ether and T.L.C. analysis of the extract showed that it contained at least two types of alkaloids.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.159-164
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• 1994

Myceliuml growth and spore formation of Streptomyces albidoflavus SMF301 in submerged culture were compared with the metabolism of cysteine. Cysteine added to the culture was metabolized by cysteine desulfhydrase (EC 4.4.1.1.) to produce ammonium ions, hydrogen sulfide, and pyruvate. The redox potential of the culture broth was lowered immediately as the result of the metabolism of cysteine, which caused a lag period of mycelium growth. However enhanced activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase and a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase were confirmed in the culture containing cysteine, indicating that pyruvate was utilized to support further mycelium growth.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.44-64
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• 1999

호남문화의 정체성과 문화발전을 확보하고 이를 세계화하며 동시에 경제적 가치를 창출하기 위해서는 호남문화를 정보화해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 호남문화 정보화의 사회 문화적 가치와 경제적 가치를 살펴보고 호남문화의 정보화 과정을 3단계로 부류하여 설정하였으며, 호남문화의 정보화를 담당할 인력 양성과 호남문화 교육 및 정보문화 교육을 실시하기 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 또한, 호남문화 정보화를 위한 가상 정보문화학부 설립에 관한 구성체제 및 교육과정을 제안하였다.