• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2003년도 10월 학술대회지
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• pp.55-58
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the effects of nasalization on vowels. Ten males and 7 females produced 5 vowels (/a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/) in conditions: normal and nasalized. In this study we compared normal vowels' formant with nasalized vowels' and examined nasal-formant in the nasalized vowels. The results was as follows: First, there was a significant difference between normal vowels and nasalized in terms of F1 and F2. Second, the nasal formants were observed in nasalized vowels more frequently in females than males. Third, N1 appeared to influence F1 of vowels whereas N2 seemed to have an impact on F2 and/or F3.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.24-32
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• 1991

Cleft palate or velopharyngeal incompetence shows many disorders and disabilities affecting speech transmission. including distortion. substitution. and the nasalization of the vowels. The nasalized vowels are produced primarily by lowering of the velum. resulting in opening a side passage for the air flow through the nasal cavity. These abnormal movements give rise to complex modification of the physical property of the sound or in the sound spectrum. The authors employed Sonagraph$^{\circledR}$ as a sound analyzer in order to ascertain the features which characterize the nasalization of vowels. Twenty healthy Korean male adult voluteers were analyzed in artificial conditions of anterior and posterior nasal obstruction. and velo-pharyngeal incompetence. The results were as follows : 1) Fundamental frequency was not changed by nasal obstruction or velopharyngeal incompetence. 2) There was no significant difference of the formant intensity between normal and nasal vowels. 3) In VPI, a decrease of the frequency of $F_2$ was observed in /e/ and /i/ vowels(p<0.001). 4) In VPI, the $F_2$ was frequently missed in /o/ and /u/ vowels. 5) In the consonant spectra of VPI, the 'release burst' was usually not observed.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 한국어 비음의 조음위치 변별을 위한 지표로서 모음 음향 특성의 활용 가능성을 타진하였다. 비음에 인접한 /ㅏ/ 모음 시료를 대용량 한국어 자연발화 말소리 자료에서 추출하여 모음 구간의 25%, 50%, 75% 시점에서 음향 매개변수를 측정하였다. 이 스펙트럼 및 지속시간 변수를 이용하여 판별분석을 수행하고 이를 바탕으로 선행 또는 후행 비자음의 조음위치 분류정확도를 추정하였다. 또한 조음위치 공조음(coarticulation)의 관점에서 순행적 공조음과 역행적 공조음의 영향을 확인하기 위하여 측정 대상 모음에 비음이 선행하는 경우와 후행하는 경우로 나누어 비교하였다. 분석 결과, 전후 비자음의 조음위치 분류정확도는 약 50%-60%로 나타났다. 모음의 음향 매개변수 측정값만으로 비음의 조음위치를 예측·분류하기에는 어려움이 있으나, 공조음 정도가 가장 약할 것으로 예상되는 모음 정중 구간에서 측정된 음향 변수만으로도 위와 같은 정확도를 얻었다는 점에서 비음 구간의 분석결과와 함께 모음 측정치를 활용함으로써 비음 조음위치 인식률 향상에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 한편 측정 대상 모음에 선행 또는 후행하는 비음 조건 간에 비교하였을 때, 후행 비음 조음위치의 분류정확도가 더 높게 나타났다는 점에서 역행적 조음위치 공조음의 영향이 더 클 가능성이 확인되었다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 1998

Nasal sounds include nasalized vowels and consonants. Nasal cavity is important for the acoustics of nasal sounds. Evaluating the effects of site-specific nasal obstruction on nasal sound will help us to understand the importance of nasal geometry for the nasal sound and to foretell voice change after nasal surgery This study was designed to analyze the change of nasality and formant characteristics of nasal sound by obstructing different sites around the ostiomeatal unit(OMU). Ten adult male and female volunteers participated. The nasal formants and bandwidths of nasal consonant /n/ were checked in various conditions of nasal obstruction. The nasalance of rabbit, baby, and mama passages were compared in each conditions. Nasalance of all passages decreased when anterior portion of OMU was obstructed. Center frequency of first nasal formant(NF1) of /n/ has decreased in the order of anterior, inferior obstruction. The bandwidth of NF1 decreased in female with anterior obstruction. Anterior portion of OMU is most critical to the change of nasality and acoustics of nasal consonant. When anterior portion of OMU is obstructed, the shift of NF1 to a lower frequency and the narrowing of NF1 bandwidth are the major acoustic changes of nasal consonant /n/.